feat: update talks to include video link and description

src/content/talks/tojs-forms.md

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ eventUrl: https://guild.host/events/torontojs-online-techtalk-z9gqim
 isOnline: true
 date: 2024-08-29
 slides: https://1drv.ms/p/s!AivyfQGK_lAiysNtXGfNfJvYfM8edA?e=aFtBFR
+video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DtWgmMAI60
 code: https://github.com/madcampos/dnh
 techStack:
   - HTML

src/content/talks/tojs-unicode.md

@@ -15,3 +15,41 @@ techStack:
   - JavaScript
   - Unicode strings
 ---
+What happens when you are faced with some of the most mind bending things in computer history? Does the abyss stare back at you?
+
+## Undestanding Unicode
+
+In the ancient times, there was no standard on how to represent text by computers. Then IBM created ASCII, a way to represent text by computers. It was good but only represented latin scripts, so everything else was excluded.
+
+Then came the idea to represent every and all possible scripts made by humans (including things like [Linear A](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_A) and [Linear B](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_B)). The problem then became the size those "characters" would take. Even the most simple text would explore in size as we would need more bits to represent everything.
+
+The ingenious idea of Unicode was to have a _variable length_ encoding for code points. Code points are how Unicode identifies the idea of a _grapheme_. For now let's think of graphemes as "characters".
+
+## Surrogate pairs
+
+The way Unicode encodes the _variable length_ is using a thing called "surrogate pairs", that means that instead of having every single grapheme be a single "unit" some graphemes are composed of multiple units, where the first one says "hey, here comes a more complex grapheme that needs more space", and then the following ones indicate what the grapheme actually is.
+
+## Graphemes
+
+A grapheme can be very philosophical as it is a "unit of text", if usually means a "character", but can be a character _with an extra marking_ like "á", "ô", or "ñ".
+
+The most interesting part is that graphemes are language dependant, what is a single character for one language may be a combination of characters for another one.
+
+## Strings in JavaScript
+
+All strings in JavaScript are manipulated using UTF8, that means they are split in 8bit "chunks", even though internally they are stored in UTF16.
+
+That means, when we use methods like [`split`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/split), it will break a surrogate pair into it's component parts.
+
+To avoid this, we can use a very clever trick and _destructure_ a string, that will make each part retain surrogate pairs.
+
+Other tools to deal with strings include:
+- [`String.normalize`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/normalize) for making characters behave consistently.
+- [RegExp's Unicode Character Classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Regular_expressions/Unicode_character_class_escape) for filtering out specific groups of characters in a more manageable way.
+- [`Intl.Segmenter`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/Segmenter) to split strings by letter, word or phrase.
+
+## Old Web Text
+
+A while back I wrote a small application that would take any text and map it back to different characters so it is _visually_ different.
+
+This is done by using the tools mentioned above, so a string of text gets normalized, cleaned, and then mapped to something else.