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ORDERS
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The actual order form follows the descriptions of media contents.
Most of this file is excerpted from the July 1997 GNU's Bulletin.
Please send suggestions for improvements to [email protected] or the postal
address at the end of the order form. Thank You.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
FSF Order Form with Descriptions July, 1997
Free Software Foundation, Inc. Telephone: +1-617-542-5942
59 Temple Place - Suite 330 Fax: (including Japan) +1-617-542-2652
Boston, MA 02111-1307 Electronic Mail: `[email protected]'
USA World Wide Web: http://www.gnu.ai.mit.edu
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
There are some sections (e.g. ``Forthcoming GNUs'' and ``How to Get GNU
Software'') which are not in this Order Form file. If you wish to see them,
ask [email protected] for the complete July, 1997 GNU's Bulletin.
Table of Contents
-----------------
New European Distributor
Donations Translate Into Free Software
Cygnus Matches Donations!
Free Software Redistributors Donate
Help from Free Software Companies
Major Changes in GNU Software and Documentation
The Deluxe Distribution
GNU Documentation
GNU Software
Program/Package Cross Reference
CD-ROMs
Pricing of the GNU CD-ROMs
What Do the Different Prices Mean?
Why Is There an Individual Price?
Is There a Maximum Price?
January 1997 Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM
Source Code CD-ROMs
July 1997 Source Code CD-ROMs
January 1997 Source Code CD-ROMs
CD-ROM Subscription Service
FSF T-shirt
Free Software Foundation Order Form
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
New European Distributor
************************
The Free Software Foundation now has a European distribution agent: GNU
Distribution Europe, Belgium.
Users in European Community countries can order GNU manuals, CD-ROMs and
T-shirts through this distribution agent, and get a lower overall price (due
to reduced shipping costs) and quicker delivery.
Write to GNU Distribution Europe--Belgium, Sportstaat 28, 9000 Gent, Belgium;
Fax: +32-9-2224976; Phone: +32-9-2227542; Email:
Donations Translate Into Free Software
**************************************
If you appreciate Emacs, GNU CC, Ghostscript, and other free software, you
may wish to help us make sure there is more in the future--remember,
*donations translate into more free software!*
Your donation to us is tax-deductible in the United States. We gladly accept
*any* currency, although the U.S. dollar is the most convenient.
If your employer has a matching gifts program for charitable donations,
please arrange to: add the FSF to the list of organizations for your
employer's matching gifts program; and have your donation matched (note *Note
Cygnus Matches Donations!::). If you do not know, please ask your personnel
department.
Circle amount you are donating, cut out this form, and send it with your
donation to:
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place - Suite 330
Boston, MA 02111-1307
USA
$500 $250 $100 $50 Other $_____ Other currency:_____
You can charge a donation to any of Carte Blanche, Diner's Club, JCB,
MasterCard, Visa, or American Express. Charges may also be faxed to
+1-617-542-2652.
Card type: __________________ Expiration Date: _____________
Account Number: _____________________________________________
Cardholder's Signature: _____________________________________
Name: _______________________________________________________
Street Address: _____________________________________________
City/State/Province: ________________________________________
Zip Code/Postal Code/Country: _______________________________
Telephone Number: ___________________________________________
Email Address: ______________________________________________
Cygnus Matches Donations!
*************************
To encourage cash donations to the Free Software Foundation, Cygnus Solutions
will continue to contribute corporate funds to the FSF to accompany gifts by
its employees, and by its customers and their employees.
Donations payable to the Free Software Foundation should be sent by eligible
persons to Cygnus Solutions, which will add its gifts and forward the total
to the FSF each quarter. The FSF will provide the contributor with a receipt
to recognize the contribution (which is tax-deductible on U.S. tax returns).
To see if your employer is a Cygnus customer, or for more information,
please contact Cygnus:
Cygnus Solutions
1325 Chesapeake Terrace
Sunnyvale, CA 94089
USA
Telephone: +1 408 542 9600
+1 800 Cygnus1 (-294-6871)
Fax: +1 408 542 9700
Electronic-Mail: `[email protected]'
FTP: `ftp.cygnus.com'
Free Software Redistributors Donate
***********************************
The French redistributor PACT has agreed to donate $1.00 for each GNU/Linux
CD that they sell.
Red Hat Software has agreed to donate $1.00 to the FSF for every copy of Red
Hat Archives sold. They have also added a GNU logo to the back of that CD
with the words "Supports the Free Software Foundation".
The SNOW 2.1 CD producers added the words "Includes $5 donation to the FSF"
to the front of their CD. Potential buyers will know just how much of the
price is for the FSF & how much is for the redistributor.
The Sun Users Group Deutschland has made it even clearer: their CD says,
"Price 90 DM, + 12 DM donation to the FSF." We thank them for their
contribution to our efforts.
Kyoto Micro Computer of Japan regularly gives us 10% of their GNU-related
sales.
Mr. Hiroshi, Mr. Kojima, and the other authors of the `Linux Primer' in Japan
have donated money from the sales of their book.
Infomagic has continued to make sizable donations to the FSF.
At the request of author Arnold Robbins, Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc.
continues to donate 3% of their profits from selling `Effective AWK
Programming'. We would also like to acknowledge the many SSC authors who
have donated their royalties and fees to the FSF.
In the long run, the success of free software depends on how much new free
software people develop. Free software distribution offers an opportunity to
raise funds for such development in an ethical way. These redistributors
have made use of the opportunity. Many others let it go to waste.
You can help promote free software development by convincing for-a-fee
redistributors to contribute--either by doing development themselves or by
donating to development organizations (the FSF and others).
The way to convince distributors to contribute is to demand and expect this
of them. This means choosing among distributors partly by how much they give
to free software development. Then you can show distributors they must
compete to be the one who gives the most.
To make this work, you must insist on numbers that you can compare, such as,
"We will give ten dollars to the Foobar project for each disk sold." A vague
commitment, such as "A portion of the profits is donated," doesn't give you a
basis for comparison. Even a precise fraction "of the profits from this
disk" is not very meaningful, since creative accounting and unrelated
business decisions can greatly alter what fraction of the sales price counts
as profit.
Also, press developers for firm information about what kind of development
they do or support. Some kinds make much more long-term difference than
others. For example, maintaining a separate version of a GNU program
contributes very little; maintaining a program on behalf of the GNU Project
contributes much. Easy new ports contribute little, since someone else would
surely do them; difficult ports such as adding a new CPU to the GNU compiler
or Mach contribute more; major new features & programs contribute the most.
By establishing the idea that supporting further development is "the proper
thing to do" when distributing free software for a fee, we can assure a
steady flow of resources for making more free software.
Help from Free Software Companies
*********************************
When choosing a free software business, ask those you are considering how
much they do to assist free software development, e.g., by contributing money
to free software development or by writing free software improvements
themselves for general use. By basing your decision partially on this
factor, you can help encourage those who profit from free software to
contribute to its growth.
Wingnut (SRA's special GNU support group) supports the FSF by purchasing
Deluxe Distribution packages on a regular basis. In this way they transfer
10% of their income to the FSF. Listing them here is our way of thanking
them.
Wingnut Project
Software Research Associates, Inc.
1-1-1 Hirakawa-cho, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 102, Japan
Phone: (+81-3)3234-2611
Fax: (+81-3)3942-5174
E-mail: `[email protected]'
WWW: `http://www.sra.co.jp/public/sra/product/wingnut/'
Major Changes in GNU Software and Documentation
***********************************************
* Hurd Progress (Also *note What Is the Hurd::.)
We have made three test releases of the Hurd, the most recent being 0.2.
The Hurd is currently much more reliable than previously, and various
utilities and file system translators, such as an FTP file system, have
been written that take advantage of the Hurd's unique design.
One way for people to help out is to compile and run as much third-party
free software as they can; in this way we can find bugs and deficiencies
with some rapidity. Volunteers with a PC are therefore eagerly sought to
get the 0.2 release and compile their favorite Unix programs and games.
Daily snapshots of the Hurd sources are now available for those that
want to see the latest (non-stable) version; see the Hurd page on the
FSF Web site, `http://www.gnu.ai.mit.edu', for more information.
* New Source Code CD! (*note July 1997 Source Code CD-ROMs::.)
We are releasing the July 1997 (Edition 10) Source Code CD-ROM this
month. Once again, it is a two disk set. It includes several new
packages: `aegis', `cook', `guavac', `lesstif', `prcs', `rsync', `swarm',
& `vera'. On the CD-ROMs are full distributions of X11R6.3,,
Emacs, GCC, and current versions of all other GNU Software. *Note GNU
Software::, for more about these packages.
* New/Updated Manuals since Last Bulletin (*note Documentation::.)
Since the last bulletin, we have published several updated editions of
our manuals (note the price changes): `GNU Emacs Manual', revised for
GNU Emacs version 20, now $30; & `Texinfo Manual', for version 3.11 of
Texinfo, now $25. We hope to have the following available very soon:
`GNU Tar manual', first time in print, freshly reorganized and
rewritten, $20; `GNU Software for MS-Windows and MS-DOS', a book and
CD-ROM set with a variety of GNU software compiled for MS-DOS and
Windows 3.1/95/97/NT, $35 ($140 for corporate orders). Watch our Web
site, `http://www.gnu.ai.mit.edu', for announcements of these
publications.
* Fonts freed
A free commercial-quality set of the basic 35 Postscript Type 1 fonts is
now finally available. The copyright holder of these fonts, URW++
Design and Development Incorporated, has decided to release them under
the GPL. Each font includes `.pfb' (outlines), `.afm' (metrics), and
`.pfm' (Windows printer metrics) files. The fonts are compatible with
Adobe Type Manager and with general Type 1 manipulation tools, as well
as with Ghostscript and other Postscript language interpreters.
The fonts are available in `ghostscript-fonts-4.0.tar.gz' on the usual
FTP sites.
* DDD now works with LessTif (Also *note GNU Software::.) Release 2.1.1
of DDD, the Data Display Debugger, now works with LessTif, a free Motif
clone.
* Give to GNU the United Way!
As a 501(c)3 tax-exempt organization, the FSF is eligible to receive
United Way funds. When donating to United Way, one can specify that all
or part of the donation be directed to the FSF. On the donor form,
check the "Specific Requests" box and include the sentence, "Send my
gift to the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111." We especially appreciate the donations from Microsoft
matching the United Way donations of their employees. Also see *Note
Donations Translate Into Free Software::, and *Note Cygnus Matches
Donations!::.
* Tapes and MS-DOS Diskettes No Longer Available from the FSF
We no longer offer tapes or MS-DOS diskettes due to very low demand.
* GNU Software Works on MS-DOS (Also *note GNU Software::.)
GNU Emacs 19 and many other GNU programs have been ported to MS-DOS for
i386/i486/Pentium machines. We ship binaries & sources on the *Note
Compiler Tools Binaries CD-ROM::.
* The FSF Takes Discover
The Free Software Foundation now accepts the Discover card for orders or
donations. We also accept the following: Carte Blanche, Diner's Club,
JCB, MasterCard, Visa, and American Express. Note that we are charged
about 5% of an order's total amount in credit card processing fees;
please consider paying by check instead or adding on a 5% donation to
make up the difference. We do *not* recommend that you send credit card
numbers to us via email, since we have no way of insuring that the
information will remain confidential.
* MULE Merge Complete
MULE is the Multi-Lingual Emacs developed by Ken'ichi Handa at the
Electrotechnical Lab in Tsukuba, Japan. This code has been merged into
Emacs and is included in Emacs 20.
* GPC, the GNU Pascal Compiler
The GNU Pascal Compiler (GPC) is part of the GNU compiler family, GNU CC
or GCC. It combines a Pascal front end with the proven GNU compiler
backend for code generation and optimization. Unlike utilities such as
p2c, this is a true compiler, not just a converter.
Version 2.0 of GPC corresponds to GCC version 2.7.2.1.
The purpose of the GNU Pascal project is to produce a compiler which:
* combines the clarity of Pascal with powerful tools suitable for
real-life programming,
* supports both the Pascal standard and the Extended Pascal standard
as defined by ISO, ANSI and IEEE. (ISO 7185:1990, ISO/IEC
10206:1991, ANSI/IEEE 770X3.160-1989)
* supports other Pascal standards (UCSD Pascal, Borland Pascal,
Pascal-SC) in so far as this serves the goal of clarity and
usability,
* can generate code for and run on any computer for which the GNU C
Compiler can generate code and run on.
The current release (2.0) implements Standard Pascal (ISO 7185, level 0)
and a large subset of Extended Pascal (ISO 10206) and Borland Pascal.
The upcoming release 2.1 features better conformance to the various
Pascal standards, and of course bug fixes.
A growing group of GPC enthusiasts contributes to the project with code,
bug reports or fixes.
`http://agnes.dida.physik.uni-essen.de/~gnu-pascal/', also known as
`http://home.pages.de/~gnu-pascal/', is the GNU Pascal home page;
sources may be downloaded from `ftp://kampi.hut.fi/jtv/gnu-pascal/'
(official) or `ftp://agnes.dida.physik.uni-essen.de/pub/gnu-pascal/'
(development versions).
* GUILE
GUILE 1.2 is released. GNU's Ubiquitous Intelligent Language for
Extension is an SCM-based library that can make any ordinary C program
extensible. (For SCM info, see "JACAL" in *Note GNU Software::.)
Nightly snapshots of the development sources are also available, in
`ftp://ftp.red-bean.com/pub/guile/guile-core-snap.tar.gz'.
Also being developed are SCSH-compatible system call & Tk interfaces, a
module system, dynamic linking support, & a byte-code interpreter.
Support for Emacs Lisp & a more C-like language is coming.
* A New FSF T-shirt!
We have a new T-shirt design. *Note FSF T-shirt::, for the description.
* New free game
In August 1995, the action game Abuse by Jonathan Clark was released for
the first time. It wasn't free software then--but now, less than two
years later, the company Crack dot Com has rereleased it as free
software. Abuse was initially developed on Linux-based GNU systems, and
we've included it on our our source CD set.
Beyond providing the free software community with a game that many
people enjoy, and code that could be useful for developing other free
games, this demonstrates an important fact about the economic
circumstances of computer game development: most non-free games bring
their profit in a very short period of time. Therefore, a game company
can turn a game into free software fairly soon, with little hardship.
Let's hope that other game developers follow this example.
The Deluxe Distribution
***********************
The Free Software Foundation has been asked repeatedly to create a package
that provides executables for all of our software. Normally we offer only
sources. The Deluxe Distribution provides binaries with the source code and
includes six T-shirts, all our CD-ROMs, printed manuals, & reference cards.
The FSF Deluxe Distribution contains the binaries and sources to hundreds of
different programs including Emacs, the GNU C/C++ Compiler, the GNU Debugger,
the complete X Window System, and all the GNU utilities.
We will make a Deluxe Distribution for most machines/operating systems. We
may be able to send someone to your office to do the compilation, if we can't
find a suitable machine here. However, we can only compile the programs that
already support your chosen machine/system - porting is a separate matter.
(To commission a port, see the GNU Service Directory; details in *Note Free
Software Support::.) Compiling all these programs takes time; a Deluxe
Distribution for an unusual machine will take longer to produce than one for
a common machine. Please contact the FSF Office with any questions.
We supply the software on a write-once CD-ROM (in ISO 9660 format with "Rock
Ridge" extensions), or on one of these tapes in Unix `tar' format: 1600 or
6250bpi 1/2in reel, Sun DC300XLP 1/4in cartridge - QIC24, IBM RS/6000 1/4in
c.t. - QIC 150, Exabyte 8mm c.t., or DAT 4mm c.t. If your computer cannot
read any of these, please contact us to see if we can handle your format.
The manuals included are one each of `Bison', `Calc', `GAWK', `GCC', `GNU C
Library', `GDB', `Flex', `GNU Emacs Lisp Reference', `Programming in Emacs
Lisp: An Introduction', `Make', `Texinfo', & `Termcap' manuals; six copies of
the `GNU Emacs' manual; and ten reference cards each for Emacs, Bison, Calc,
Flex, & GDB.
Every Deluxe Distribution also has a copy of the latest editions of our
CD-ROMs that have sources of our software & compiler tool binaries for some
systems. The CDs are in ISO 9660 format with Rock Ridge extensions.
The price of the Deluxe Distribution is $5000 (shipping included). These
sales provide enormous financial assistance to help the FSF develop more free
software. To order, please fill out the "Deluxe Distribution" section on the
*note Free Software Foundation Order Form::. and send it to:
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place - Suite 330
Boston, MA 02111-1307
USA
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GNU Documentation
*****************
GNU is dedicated to having quality, easy-to-use online & printed
documentation. GNU manuals are intended to explain underlying concepts,
describe how to use all the features of each program, & give examples of
command use. GNU manuals are distributed as Texinfo source files, which
yield both typeset hardcopy via the TeX document formatting system and online
hypertext display via the menu-driven Info system. Source for these manuals
comes with our software; here are the manuals that we publish as printed
books. *Note Free Software Foundation Order Form::, to order them.
Most GNU manuals are bound as soft cover books with "lay-flat" bindings.
This allows you to open them so they lie flat on a table without creasing the
binding. They have an inner cloth spine and an outer cardboard cover that
will not break or crease as an ordinary paperback will. Currently, the
`Using and Porting GNU CC', `GDB', `Emacs', `Emacs Lisp Reference',
`Programming in Emacs Lisp: An Introduction', `GNU Awk User's Guide', `Make',
& `Bison' manuals have this binding. Our other manuals also lie flat when
opened, using a GBC binding. Our manuals are 7in by 9.25in except the 8.5in
by 11in `Calc' manual.
The edition number of the manual and version number of the program listed
after each manual's name were current at the time this Bulletin was published.
`Debugging with GDB' (for Version 4.16) tells how to run your program under
GNU Debugger control, examine and alter data, modify a program's flow of
control, and use GDB through GNU Emacs.
The `GNU Emacs Manual' (13th Edition for Version 20) describes editing with
GNU Emacs. It explains advanced features, including international character
sets; outline mode and regular expression search; how to use special
programming modes to write languages like C++ and TeX; how to use the `tags'
utility; how to compile and correct code; how to make your own keybindings;
and other elementary customizations.
`Programming in Emacs Lisp: An Introduction' (October 1995 Edition 1.04) is
for people who are not necessarily interested in programming, but who do want
to customize or extend their computing environment. If you read it in Emacs
under Info mode, you can run the sample programs directly.
`The GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual' (Edition 2.4 for Version 19.29) and
`The GNU Emacs Lisp Reference, Japanese Edition' (Japanese Draft Revision
1.0, from English Edition 2.4 for Version 19.29) cover this programming
language in depth, including data types, control structures, functions,
macros, syntax tables, searching/matching, modes, windows, keymaps, byte
compilation, and the operating system interface.
`The GNU Awk User's Guide' (Edition 1.0 for Version 3.0) tells how to use
`gawk'. It is written for those who have never used `awk' and describes
features of this powerful string and record manipulation language. It
clearly delineates those features which are part of POSIX `awk' from `gawk'
extensions, providing a comprehensive guide to `awk' program portability.
`GNU Make' (Edition 0.51 for Version 3.76 Beta) describes GNU `make', a
program used to rebuild parts of other programs. The manual tells how to
write "makefiles", which specify how a program is to be compiled and how its
files depend on each other. Included are an introductory chapter for novice
users and a section about automatically generated dependencies.
The `Flex' manual (Edition 1.03 for Version 2.3.7) teaches you to write a
lexical scanner definition for the `flex' program to create a C++ or C-coded
scanner that recognizes the patterns defined. You need no prior knowledge of
scanners.
`The Bison Manual' (November 1995 Edition for Version 1.25) teaches you how
to write context-free grammars for the Bison program that convert into
C-coded parsers. You need no prior knowledge of parser generators.
`Using and Porting GNU CC' (November 1995 Edition for Version 2.7.2) tells
how to run, install, and port the GNU C Compiler to new systems. It lists
new features and incompatibilities of GCC, but people not familiar with C
will still need a good reference on the C programming language. It also
covers G++.
The `Texinfo' manual (Edition 2.24 for Version 3) explains the markup
language that produces our online Info documentation & typeset hardcopies.
It tells you how to make tables, lists, chapters, nodes, accented & special
characters, indexes, cross references, & how to catch mistakes.
`The Termcap Manual' (3rd Edition for Version 1.3), often described as "twice
as much as you ever wanted to know about termcap," details the format of the
termcap database, the definitions of terminal capabilities, and the process
of interrogating a terminal description. This manual is primarily for
programmers.
The `C Library Reference Manual' (Edition 0.08 for Version 2.0) describes the
library's facilities, including both what Unix calls "library functions" &
"system calls." We are doing small copier runs of this manual until it
becomes more stable. Please send fixes to `[email protected]'.
The `Emacs Calc Manual' (for Version 2.02) is both a tutorial and a reference
manual. It tells how to do ordinary arithmetic, how to use Calc for algebra,
calculus, and other forms of mathematics, and how to extend Calc.
GNU Software
************
All our software is available via FTP; see *Note How to Get GNU Software::.
We also offer *Note CD-ROMs::, and printed *Note Documentation::, which
includes manuals and reference cards. In the articles describing the
contents of each medium, the version number listed after each program name
was current when we published this Bulletin. When you order a newer CD-ROM,
some of the programs may be newer and therefore the version number higher.
*Note Free Software Foundation Order Form::, for ordering information.
Some of the contents of our FTP distributions are compressed. We have
software on our FTP sites to uncompress these files. Due to patent troubles
with `compress', we use another compression program, `gzip'.
You may need to build GNU `make' before you build our other software. Some
vendors supply no `make' utility at all and some native `make' programs lack
the `VPATH' feature essential for using the GNU configure system to its full
extent. The GNU `make' sources have a shell script to build `make' itself on
such systems.
We welcome all bug reports and enhancements sent to the appropriate
electronic mailing list (*note Free Software Support::.).
Configuring GNU Software
------------------------
We are using Autoconf, a uniform scheme for configuring GNU software packages
in order to compile them (see "Autoconf" and "Automake" below, in this
article). The goal is to have all GNU software support the same alternatives
for naming machine and system types.
Ultimately, it will be possible to configure and build the entire system all
at once, eliminating the need to configure each individual package separately.
You can also specify both the host and target system to build
cross-compilation tools. Most GNU programs now use Autoconf-generated
configure scripts.
GNU Software Now Available
--------------------------
For future programs and features, see *Note Forthcoming GNUs::.
Key to cross reference:
BinCD January 1997 Binaries CD-ROM
SrcCD July 1997 Source CD-ROMs
[FSFman] shows that we sell a manual for that package. [FSFrc] shows we sell
a reference card for that package. To order them, *Note Free Software
Foundation Order Form::. *Note Documentation::, for more information on the
manuals. Source code for each manual or reference card is included with each
package.
* `abuse' *Also *note GNUs Flashes::.* (SrcCD)
The recently-freed program `abuse' is a dark, side-scrolling game with
Robotron-esque controls: you control your movement with the keyboard and
fire & aim with the mouse. You can get more info at
`http://crack.com/games/abuse'.
* acct (SrcCD)
acct is a system accounting package. It includes the programs `ac'
(summarize login accounting), `accton' (turn accounting on or off),
`last' (show who has logged in recently), `lastcomm' (show which
commands have been used), `sa' (summarize process accounting),
`dump-utmp' (print a `utmp' file in human-readable format), &
`dump-acct' (print an `acct' or `pacct' file in human-readable format).
* `acm' (SrcCD)
`acm' is a LAN-oriented, multiplayer, aerial combat simulation that runs
under the X Window System. Players engage in air to air combat against
one another using heat seeking missiles and cannons. We are working on
a more accurate simulation of real airplane flight characteristics.
* aegis (SrcCD)
Aegis is a transaction-based software configuration management system.
It provides a framework within which a team of developers may work on
many changes to a program concurrently, and Aegis coordinates
integrating these changes back into the master source of the program,
with as little disruption as possible.
* Apache *Also see* `http://www.apache.org/' (SrcCD)
Apache is an HTTP server designed as a successor to the NCSA family of
Web servers. It adds a significant amount of new functionality, has an
extensive API for modular enhancements, is extremely flexible without
compromising speed, and has an active development group and user
community.
* Autoconf (SrcCD)
Autoconf produces shell scripts which automatically configure source code
packages. These scripts adapt the packages to many kinds of Unix-like
systems without manual user intervention. Autoconf creates a script for
a package from a template file which lists the operating system features
which the package can use, in the form of `m4' macro calls. Autoconf
requires GNU `m4' to operate, but the resulting configure scripts it
generates do not.
* Automake (SrcCD)
Automake is a tool for generating `Makefile.in' files for use with
Autoconf. The generated makefiles are compliant with GNU Makefile
standards.
* BASH (SrcCD)
GNU's shell, BASH (Bourne Again SHell), is compatible with the Unix `sh'
and offers many extensions found in `csh' and `ksh'. BASH has job
control, `csh'-style command history, command-line editing (with Emacs
and `vi' modes built-in), and the ability to rebind keys via the
`readline' library. BASH conforms to the POSIX 1003.2-1992 standard.
* bc (SrcCD)
`bc' is an interactive algebraic language with arbitrary precision
numbers. GNU `bc' follows the POSIX 1003.2-1992 standard with several
extensions, including multi-character variable names, an `else'
statement, and full Boolean expressions. The RPN calculator `dc' is now
distributed as part of the same package, but GNU `bc' is not implemented
as a `dc' preprocessor.
* BFD (BinCD, SrcCD)
The Binary File Descriptor library allows a program which operates on
object files (e.g., `ld' or GDB) to support many different formats in a
clean way. BFD provides a portable interface, so that only BFD needs to
know the details of a particular format. One result is that all
programs using BFD will support formats such as a.out, COFF, and ELF.
BFD comes with Texinfo source for a manual (not yet published on paper).
At present, BFD is not distributed separately; it is included with
packages that use it.
* Binutils (BinCD, SrcCD)
Binutils includes these programs: `addr2line', `ar', `c++filt', `gas',
`gprof', `ld', `nm', `objcopy', `objdump', `ranlib', `size', `strings', &
`strip'.
Binutils version 2 uses the BFD library. The GNU assembler, `gas',
supports the a29k, Alpha, ARM, D10V, H8/300, H8/500, HP-PA, i386, i960,
M32R, m68k, m88k, MIPS, Matsushita 10200 and 10300, NS32K, PowerPC,
RS/6000, SH, SPARC, Tahoe, Vax, and Z8000 CPUs, and attempts to be
compatible with many other assemblers for Unix and embedded systems. It
can produce mixed C and assembly listings, and includes a macro facility
similar to that in some other assemblers. GNU's linker, `ld', supports
shared libraries on many systems, emits source-line numbered error
messages for multiply-defined symbols and undefined references, and
interprets a superset of AT&T's Linker Command Language, which gives
control over where segments are placed in memory. `objdump' can
disassemble code for most of the CPUs listed above, and can display
other data (e.g., symbols and relocations) from any file format read by
BFD.
* Bison (BinCD, SrcCD) [FSFman, FSFrc]
Bison is an upwardly compatible replacement for the parser generator
`yacc'. Texinfo source for the `Bison Manual' and reference card are
included.
* C Library (`glibc') (BinCD, SrcCD) [FSFman]
The GNU C library supports ISO C-1989, ISO C/amendment 1-1995, POSIX
1003.1-1990, POSIX 1003.1b-1993, POSIX 1003.1c-1995 (when the underlying
system permits), & most of the functions in POSIX 1003.2-1992. It is
nearly compliant with the extended XPG4.2 specification which guarantees
upward compatibility with 4.4BSD & many System V functions.
When used with the GNU Hurd, the C Library performs many functions of the
Unix system calls directly. Mike Haertel has written a fast `malloc'
which wastes less memory than the old GNU version.
GNU `stdio' lets you define new kinds of streams, just by writing a few
C functions. Two methods for handling translated messages help writing
internationalized programs & the user can adopt the environment the
program runs in to conform with local conventions. Extended `getopt'
functions are already used to parse options, including long options, in
many GNU utilities. The name lookup functions now are modularized which
makes it easier to select the service which is needed for the specific
database & the document interface makes it easy to add new services.
Texinfo source for the `GNU C Library Reference Manual' is included
(*note Documentation::.).
Previous versions of the GNU C library ran on a large number of systems.
The architecture-dependent parts of the C library have not been updated
since development on version 2.0 started, so today it runs out of the
box only on GNU/Hurd (all platforms GNU/Hurd also runs on) & GNU/Linux
(ix86, Alpha, m68k, MIPS, Sparc, PowerPC; work is in progress for ARM).
Other architectures will become available again as soon as somebody does
the port.
* C++ Library (`libg++') (BinCD, SrcCD)
The GNU C++ library (traditionally called `libg++') includes libstdc++,
which implements the library facilities defined by the forthcoming ISO
C++ standard. This includes strings, iostream, and various container
classes. All of this is templatized.
The package also contains the older libg++ library for backward
compatibility, but new programs should avoid using it.
* Calc (SrcCD) [FSFman, FSFrc]
Calc (written by Dave Gillespie in Emacs Lisp) is an extensible, advanced
desk calculator & mathematical tool that runs as part of GNU Emacs. You
can use Calc as a simple four-function calculator, but it has many more
features including: choice of algebraic or RPN (stack-based) entry;
logarithmic, trigonometric, & financial functions; arbitrary precision;
complex numbers; vectors; matrices; dates; times; infinities; sets;
algebraic simplification; & differentiation & integration. It outputs
to `gnuplot', & comes with source for a manual & reference card (*note
Documentation::.).
* `cfengine' (SrcCD)
`cfengine' is used to maintain site-wide configuration of a
heterogeneous Unix network using a simple high level language. Its
appearance is similar to `rdist', but allows many more operations to be
performed automatically. See Mark Burgess, "A Site Configuration
Engine", `Computing Systems', Vol. 8, No. 3 (ask `[email protected]' how
to get a copy).
* Chess (SrcCD)
GNU Chess enables you to play a game of chess with a computer instead of
a person. It is useful to practice with when there are significant
spare cpu cycles and a real person is unavailable.
The program offers a plain terminal interface, one using curses, and a
reasonable X Windows interface `xboard'. Best results are obtained by
compiling with GNU C.
Improvements this past year are in the Windows-compatible version,
mostly bugfixes.
Stuart Cracraft started the GNU mascot back in the mid-1980's. John
Stanback (and innumerable contributors) are responsible for GNU's brain
development and its fair play. Acknowledgements for the past year's
work are due Conor McCarthy.
Send bugs to `[email protected]' & general comments to
`[email protected]'. Visit the author's Web site at
`http://www.earthlink.net/~cracraft/index.html'. Play GNU Chess on the
Web at `http://www.delorie.com/game-room/chess'.
* CLISP (SrcCD)
CLISP is a Common Lisp implementation by Bruno Haible & Michael Stoll.
It mostly supports the Lisp described by `Common LISP: The Language (2nd
edition)' & the ANSI Common Lisp standard. CLISP includes an
interpreter, a byte-compiler, a large subset of CLOS & a foreign language
interface. The user interface language (English, German, French) can be
chosen at run time. An X11 API is available through CLX & Garnet.
CLISP needs only 2 MB of memory & runs on all kinds of Unix systems & on
many microcomputers (including MS-DOS systems, OS/2, Windows NT, Windows
95, Amiga 500-4000, & Acorn RISC PC). See also item "Common Lisp",
which describes GCL, a complete Common Lisp implementation with compiler.
* CLX (SrcCD)
CLX is an X Window interface library for GCL. This is separate from the
built-in TK interface.
* Common Lisp (`gcl') (SrcCD)
GNU Common Lisp (GCL, formerly known as Kyoto Common Lisp) is a compiler
& interpreter for Common Lisp. GCL is very portable & extremely
efficient on a wide class of applications, & compares favorably in
performance with commercial Lisps on several large theorem-prover &
symbolic algebra systems. GCL supports the CLtL1 specification but is
moving towards the proposed ANSI standard.
GCL compiles to C & then uses the native optimizing C compiler (e.g.,
GCC). A function with a fixed number of args & one value turns into a C
function of the same number of args, returning one value--so GCL is
maximally efficient on such calls. Its conservative garbage collector
gives great freedom to the C compiler to put Lisp values in registers.
It has a source level Lisp debugger for interpreted code & displays
source code in an Emacs window. Its profiler (based on the C profiling
tools) counts function calls & the time spent in each function.
There is now a built-in interface to the Tk widget system. It runs in a
separate process, so users may monitor progress on Lisp computations or
interact with running computations via a windowing interface.
There is also an Xlib interface via C (xgcl-2). CLX runs with GCL, as
does PCL (see "PCL" later in this article).
GCL version 2.2.2 is released under the GNU Library General Public
License.
* cook (SrcCD)
Cook is a tool for constructing files, and maintaining referential
integrity between files. It is given a set of files to create, and
recipes of how to create and maintain them. In any non-trivial program
there will be prerequisites to performing the actions necessary to
creating any file, such as include files. The `cook' program provides a
mechanism to define these.
Some features which distinguish Cook include a strong procedural
description language, and fingerprints to supplement file modification
time stamps. There is also a `make2cook' utility included to ease
transition.
* `cpio' (SrcCD)
`cpio' is an archive program with all the features of SVR4 `cpio',
including support for the final POSIX 1003.1 `ustar' standard. `mt', a
program to position magnetic tapes, is included with `cpio'.
* CVS (SrcCD)
CVS is a version control system (like RCS or SCCS) which allows you to
keep old versions of files (usually source code), keep a log of who,
when, and why changes occurred, etc. It handles multiple developers,
multiple directories, triggers to enable/log/control various operations,
and can work over a wide area network. It does not handle build
management or bug-tracking; these are handled by `make' and GNATS,
respectively.
* `cxref' (SrcCD)
`cxref' is a program that will produce documentation (in LaTeX or HTML)
including cross-references from C program source code. It has been
designed to work with ANSI C, incorporating K&R, and most popular GNU
extensions. The documentation for the subject program is produced from
comments in the code that are appropriately formatted. The cross
referencing comes from the code itself and requires no extra work.
* DDD (SrcCD)
The Data Display Debugger (DDD) is a common graphical user interface to
GDB, DBX, and XDB, the popular Unix debuggers. DDD provides a graphical
data display where complex data structures can be explored incrementally
and interactively. DDD has been designed to compete with well-known
commercial debuggers; as of release 2.1.1, DDD also compiles and runs
with LessTif, a free Motif clone, without loss of functionality. For
more details, see the DDD WWW page at
`http://www.cs.tu-bs.de/softech/ddd/'.
* DejaGnu (SrcCD)
DejaGnu is a framework to test programs with a single front end for all
tests. DejaGnu's flexibility & consistency makes it easy to write tests.
DejaGnu will also work with remote hosts and embedded systems.
DejaGnu comes with `expect', which runs scripts to conduct dialogs with
programs.
* Diffutils (SrcCD)
GNU `diff' compares files showing line-by-line changes in several
flexible formats. It is much faster than traditional Unix versions. The
Diffutils package has `diff', `diff3', `sdiff', & `cmp'. Future plans
include support for internationalization (e.g., error messages in
Chinese) & some non-Unix PC environments, & a library interface that can
be used by other free software.
* DJGPP *Also see "GCC" below* (BinCD)
DJ Delorie has ported GCC/G++ to i386s running DOS. DJGPP has a 32-bit
i386 DOS extender with a symbolic debugger, development libraries, &
ports of Bison, `flex', & Binutils. Full source code is provided. It
needs at least 5MB of hard disk space to install & 512K of RAM to use.
It supports SVGA (up to 1024x768), XMS & VDISK memory allocation,
`himem.sys', VCPI (e.g., QEMM, DESQview, & 386MAX), & DPMI (e.g.,
Windows 3.x, OS/2, QEMM, & QDPMI). Version 2 was released in Feb. 1996,
& needs a DPMI environment; a free DPMI server is included.
WWW at `http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/' or FTP from `ftp.simtel.net' in
`/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/' (or a SimTel mirror site).
Ask `[email protected]', to join a DJGPP users mailing list.
* `dld' (SrcCD)
`dld' is a dynamic linker written by W. Wilson Ho. Linking your program
with the `dld' library allows you to dynamically load object files into
the running binary. `dld' supports a.out object types on the following
platforms: Convex C-Series (BSD), i386/i486/Pentium (GNU/Linux), Sequent
Symmetry i386 (Dynix 3), Sun-3 (SunOS 3 & 4), Sun-4 (SunOS 4), & VAX
(Ultrix).
* `doschk' (SrcCD)
This program is a utility to help software developers ensure that their
source file names are distinguishable on System V platforms with
14-character filenames and on MS-DOS systems with 8+3 character
filenames.
* `ed' (SrcCD)
`ed' is the standard text editor. It is line-oriented and can be used
interactively or in scripts.
* Elib (SrcCD)
Elib is a small library of Emacs Lisp functions, including routines for
using AVL trees and doubly-linked lists.
* Elisp archive (SrcCD)
This is a snapshot of Ohio State's GNU Emacs Lisp FTP Archive. FTP it
from `archive.cis.ohio-state.edu' in `/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive'.
* Emacs *Also *note GNUs Flashes::.* [FSFman(s), FSFrc]
In 1975, Richard Stallman developed the first Emacs, an extensible,
customizable real-time display editor & computing environment. GNU Emacs
is his second implementation. It offers true Lisp--smoothly integrated
into the editor--for writing extensions & provides an interface to the X
Window System. It runs on Unix, MS-DOS, & Windows NT or 95. In
addition to its powerful native command set, Emacs can emulate the
editors vi & EDT (DEC's VMS editor). Emacs has many other features which
make it a full computing support environment. Source for the `GNU Emacs
Manual' & a reference card comes with the software. Sources for the
`GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual', & `Programming in Emacs Lisp: An
Introduction' are distributed in separate packages. *Note
Documentation::.