diff --git a/examples/horizontal.tsx b/examples/horizontal.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1e72be30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/horizontal.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as React from 'react'
+import { Virtuoso } from '../src'
+
+export function Example() {
+  return (
+    <div style={{ width: 500, height: 100, resize: 'both', overflow: 'hidden' }}>
+      <Virtuoso
+        computeItemKey={(key: number) => `item-${key.toString()}`}
+        totalCount={100}
+        itemContent={(index) => <div style={{ height: '100%', aspectRatio: '1 / 1', background: '#ccc' }}>Item {index}</div>}
+        style={{ height: '100%' }}
+        horizontalDirection
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/src/Virtuoso.tsx b/src/Virtuoso.tsx
index 3a74bac4f..ebc9776ea 100644
--- a/src/Virtuoso.tsx
+++ b/src/Virtuoso.tsx
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ const DefaultScrollSeekPlaceholder = ({ height }: { height: number }) => <div st
 
 const GROUP_STYLE = { position: positionStickyCssValue(), zIndex: 1, overflowAnchor: 'none' } as const
 const ITEM_STYLE = { overflowAnchor: 'none' } as const
+const HORIZONTAL_ITEM_STYLE = { ...ITEM_STYLE, display: 'inline-block', height: '100%' } as const
 
 const Items = /*#__PURE__*/ React.memo(function VirtuosoItems({ showTopList = false }: { showTopList?: boolean }) {
   const listState = useEmitterValue('listState')
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ const Items = /*#__PURE__*/ React.memo(function VirtuosoItems({ showTopList = fa
   const itemSize = useEmitterValue('itemSize')
   const log = useEmitterValue('log')
   const listGap = usePublisher('gap')
+  const horizontalDirection = useEmitterValue('horizontalDirection')
 
   const { callbackRef } = useChangedListContentsSizes(
     sizeRanges,
@@ -92,7 +94,8 @@ const Items = /*#__PURE__*/ React.memo(function VirtuosoItems({ showTopList = fa
     showTopList ? u.noop : scrollContainerStateCallback,
     log,
     listGap,
-    customScrollParent
+    customScrollParent,
+    horizontalDirection
   )
 
   const [deviation, setDeviation] = React.useState(0)
@@ -118,9 +121,20 @@ const Items = /*#__PURE__*/ React.memo(function VirtuosoItems({ showTopList = fa
     ? {}
     : {
         boxSizing: 'border-box',
-        paddingTop: listState.offsetTop,
-        paddingBottom: listState.offsetBottom,
-        marginTop: deviation !== 0 ? deviation : alignToBottom ? 'auto' : 0,
+        ...(horizontalDirection
+          ? {
+              whiteSpace: 'nowrap',
+              display: 'inline-block',
+              height: '100%',
+              paddingLeft: listState.offsetTop,
+              paddingRight: listState.offsetBottom,
+              marginLeft: deviation !== 0 ? deviation : alignToBottom ? 'auto' : 0,
+            }
+          : {
+              marginTop: deviation !== 0 ? deviation : alignToBottom ? 'auto' : 0,
+              paddingTop: listState.offsetTop,
+              paddingBottom: listState.offsetBottom,
+            }),
         ...(initialItemFinalLocationReached ? {} : { visibility: 'hidden' }),
       }
 
@@ -175,7 +189,7 @@ const Items = /*#__PURE__*/ React.memo(function VirtuosoItems({ showTopList = fa
             'data-known-size': item.size,
             'data-item-index': item.index,
             'data-item-group-index': item.groupIndex,
-            style: ITEM_STYLE,
+            style: horizontalDirection ? HORIZONTAL_ITEM_STYLE : ITEM_STYLE,
           },
           hasGroups
             ? (itemContent as GroupItemContent<any, any>)(item.index, item.groupIndex!, item.data, context)
@@ -194,6 +208,12 @@ export const scrollerStyle: React.CSSProperties = {
   WebkitOverflowScrolling: 'touch',
 }
 
+const horizontalScrollerStyle: React.CSSProperties = {
+  outline: 'none',
+  overflowX: 'auto',
+  position: 'relative',
+}
+
 export const viewportStyle: (alignToBottom: boolean) => React.CSSProperties = (alignToBottom) => ({
   width: '100%',
   height: '100%',
@@ -255,21 +275,25 @@ export function buildScroller({ usePublisher, useEmitter, useEmitterValue }: Hoo
     const smoothScrollTargetReached = usePublisher('smoothScrollTargetReached')
     const scrollerRefCallback = useEmitterValue('scrollerRef')
     const context = useEmitterValue('context')
+    const horizontalDirection = useEmitterValue('horizontalDirection') || false
 
     const { scrollerRef, scrollByCallback, scrollToCallback } = useScrollTop(
       scrollContainerStateCallback,
       smoothScrollTargetReached,
       ScrollerComponent,
-      scrollerRefCallback
+      scrollerRefCallback,
+      undefined,
+      horizontalDirection
     )
 
     useEmitter('scrollTo', scrollToCallback)
     useEmitter('scrollBy', scrollByCallback)
+    const defaultStyle = horizontalDirection ? horizontalScrollerStyle : scrollerStyle
     return React.createElement(
       ScrollerComponent,
       {
         ref: scrollerRef as React.MutableRefObject<HTMLDivElement | null>,
-        style: { ...scrollerStyle, ...style },
+        style: { ...defaultStyle, ...style },
         'data-testid': 'virtuoso-scroller',
         'data-virtuoso-scroller': true,
         tabIndex: 0,
@@ -327,7 +351,13 @@ const Viewport: React.FC<React.PropsWithChildren<unknown>> = ({ children }) => {
   const viewportHeight = usePublisher('viewportHeight')
   const fixedItemHeight = usePublisher('fixedItemHeight')
   const alignToBottom = useEmitterValue('alignToBottom')
-  const viewportRef = useSize(React.useMemo(() => u.compose(viewportHeight, (el) => correctItemSize(el, 'height')), [viewportHeight]))
+
+  const horizontalDirection = useEmitterValue('horizontalDirection')
+  const viewportSizeCallbackMemo = React.useMemo(
+    () => u.compose(viewportHeight, (el: HTMLElement) => correctItemSize(el, horizontalDirection ? 'width' : 'height')),
+    [viewportHeight, horizontalDirection]
+  )
+  const viewportRef = useSize(viewportSizeCallbackMemo)
 
   React.useEffect(() => {
     if (ctx) {
@@ -434,6 +464,7 @@ export const {
       customScrollParent: 'customScrollParent',
       scrollerRef: 'scrollerRef',
       logLevel: 'logLevel',
+      horizontalDirection: 'horizontalDirection',
     },
     methods: {
       scrollToIndex: 'scrollToIndex',
diff --git a/src/component-interfaces/Virtuoso.ts b/src/component-interfaces/Virtuoso.ts
index 9ca2dddf8..54a02c12f 100644
--- a/src/component-interfaces/Virtuoso.ts
+++ b/src/component-interfaces/Virtuoso.ts
@@ -252,6 +252,11 @@ export interface VirtuosoProps<D, C> extends ListRootProps {
    * This is useful when you want to keep the list state when the component is unmounted and remounted, for example when navigating to a different page.
    */
   restoreStateFrom?: StateSnapshot
+
+  /**
+   * When set, turns the scroller into a horizontal list. The items are positioned with `inline-block`.
+   */
+  horizontalDirection?: boolean
 }
 
 export interface GroupedVirtuosoProps<D, C> extends Omit<VirtuosoProps<D, C>, 'totalCount' | 'itemContent'> {
diff --git a/src/domIOSystem.ts b/src/domIOSystem.ts
index 5b8455d1f..dd5f49d7d 100644
--- a/src/domIOSystem.ts
+++ b/src/domIOSystem.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ export const domIOSystem = u.system(
     const scrollTo = u.stream<ScrollToOptions>()
     const scrollBy = u.stream<ScrollToOptions>()
     const scrollingInProgress = u.statefulStream(false)
+    const horizontalDirection = u.statefulStream(false)
 
     u.connect(
       u.pipe(
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ export const domIOSystem = u.system(
       footerHeight,
       scrollHeight,
       smoothScrollTargetReached,
+      horizontalDirection,
 
       // signals
       scrollTo,
diff --git a/src/gridSystem.ts b/src/gridSystem.ts
index c0171a9fe..b74731d1a 100644
--- a/src/gridSystem.ts
+++ b/src/gridSystem.ts
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ export const gridSystem = /*#__PURE__*/ u.system(
     const initialTopMostItemIndex = u.statefulStream<GridIndexLocation>(0)
     const scrolledToInitialItem = u.statefulStream(true)
     const scrollScheduled = u.statefulStream(false)
+    const horizontalDirection = u.statefulStream(false)
 
     u.subscribe(
       u.pipe(
@@ -429,6 +430,7 @@ export const gridSystem = /*#__PURE__*/ u.system(
       restoreStateFrom,
       ...scrollSeek,
       initialTopMostItemIndex,
+      horizontalDirection,
 
       // output
       gridState,
diff --git a/src/hooks/useChangedChildSizes.ts b/src/hooks/useChangedChildSizes.ts
index 98405338a..c932f165e 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useChangedChildSizes.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useChangedChildSizes.ts
@@ -9,11 +9,12 @@ export default function useChangedListContentsSizes(
   scrollContainerStateCallback: (state: ScrollContainerState) => void,
   log: Log,
   gap?: (gap: number) => void,
-  customScrollParent?: HTMLElement
+  customScrollParent?: HTMLElement,
+  horizontalDirection?: boolean
 ) {
   const memoedCallback = React.useCallback(
     (el: HTMLElement) => {
-      const ranges = getChangedChildSizes(el.children, itemSize, 'offsetHeight', log)
+      const ranges = getChangedChildSizes(el.children, itemSize, horizontalDirection ? 'offsetWidth' : 'offsetHeight', log)
       let scrollableElement = el.parentElement!
 
       while (!scrollableElement.dataset['virtuosoScroller']) {
@@ -24,21 +25,39 @@ export default function useChangedListContentsSizes(
       const windowScrolling = (scrollableElement.lastElementChild! as HTMLDivElement).dataset['viewportType']! === 'window'
 
       const scrollTop = customScrollParent
-        ? customScrollParent.scrollTop
+        ? horizontalDirection
+          ? customScrollParent.scrollLeft
+          : customScrollParent.scrollTop
         : windowScrolling
-        ? window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop
+        ? horizontalDirection
+          ? window.pageXOffset || document.documentElement.scrollLeft
+          : window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop
+        : horizontalDirection
+        ? scrollableElement.scrollLeft
         : scrollableElement.scrollTop
 
       const scrollHeight = customScrollParent
-        ? customScrollParent.scrollHeight
+        ? horizontalDirection
+          ? customScrollParent.scrollWidth
+          : customScrollParent.scrollHeight
         : windowScrolling
-        ? document.documentElement.scrollHeight
+        ? horizontalDirection
+          ? document.documentElement.scrollWidth
+          : document.documentElement.scrollHeight
+        : horizontalDirection
+        ? scrollableElement.scrollWidth
         : scrollableElement.scrollHeight
 
       const viewportHeight = customScrollParent
-        ? customScrollParent.offsetHeight
+        ? horizontalDirection
+          ? customScrollParent.offsetWidth
+          : customScrollParent.offsetHeight
         : windowScrolling
-        ? window.innerHeight
+        ? horizontalDirection
+          ? window.innerWidth
+          : window.innerHeight
+        : horizontalDirection
+        ? scrollableElement.offsetWidth
         : scrollableElement.offsetHeight
 
       scrollContainerStateCallback({
@@ -47,7 +66,11 @@ export default function useChangedListContentsSizes(
         viewportHeight,
       })
 
-      gap?.(resolveGapValue('row-gap', getComputedStyle(el).rowGap, log))
+      gap?.(
+        horizontalDirection
+          ? resolveGapValue('column-gap', getComputedStyle(el).columnGap, log)
+          : resolveGapValue('row-gap', getComputedStyle(el).rowGap, log)
+      )
 
       if (ranges !== null) {
         callback(ranges)
diff --git a/src/hooks/useScrollTop.ts b/src/hooks/useScrollTop.ts
index a415cfce7..0bee1c34e 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useScrollTop.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useScrollTop.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ export default function useScrollTop(
   smoothScrollTargetReached: (yes: true) => void,
   scrollerElement: any,
   scrollerRefCallback: (ref: ScrollerRef) => void = u.noop,
-  customScrollParent?: HTMLElement
+  customScrollParent?: HTMLElement,
+  horizontalDirection?: boolean
 ) {
   const scrollerRef = React.useRef<HTMLElement | null | Window>(null)
   const scrollTopTarget = React.useRef<any>(null)
@@ -22,9 +23,29 @@ export default function useScrollTop(
     (ev: Event) => {
       const el = ev.target as HTMLElement
       const windowScroll = (el as any) === window || (el as any) === document
-      const scrollTop = windowScroll ? window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop : el.scrollTop
-      const scrollHeight = windowScroll ? document.documentElement.scrollHeight : el.scrollHeight
-      const viewportHeight = windowScroll ? window.innerHeight : el.offsetHeight
+      const scrollTop = horizontalDirection
+        ? windowScroll
+          ? window.pageXOffset || document.documentElement.scrollLeft
+          : el.scrollLeft
+        : windowScroll
+        ? window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop
+        : el.scrollTop
+
+      const scrollHeight = horizontalDirection
+        ? windowScroll
+          ? document.documentElement.scrollWidth
+          : el.scrollWidth
+        : windowScroll
+        ? document.documentElement.scrollHeight
+        : el.scrollHeight
+
+      const viewportHeight = horizontalDirection
+        ? windowScroll
+          ? window.innerWidth
+          : el.offsetWidth
+        : windowScroll
+        ? window.innerHeight
+        : el.offsetHeight
 
       const call = () => {
         scrollContainerStateCallback({
@@ -69,7 +90,12 @@ export default function useScrollTop(
 
   function scrollToCallback(location: ScrollToOptions) {
     const scrollerElement = scrollerRef.current
-    if (!scrollerElement || ('offsetHeight' in scrollerElement && scrollerElement.offsetHeight === 0)) {
+    if (
+      !scrollerElement ||
+      (horizontalDirection
+        ? 'offsetWidth' in scrollerElement && scrollerElement.offsetWidth === 0
+        : 'offsetHeight' in scrollerElement && scrollerElement.offsetHeight === 0)
+    ) {
       return
     }
 
@@ -81,13 +107,16 @@ export default function useScrollTop(
 
     if (scrollerElement === window) {
       // this is not a mistake
-      scrollHeight = Math.max(correctItemSize(document.documentElement, 'height'), document.documentElement.scrollHeight)
-      offsetHeight = window.innerHeight
-      scrollTop = document.documentElement.scrollTop
+      scrollHeight = Math.max(
+        correctItemSize(document.documentElement, horizontalDirection ? 'width' : 'height'),
+        horizontalDirection ? document.documentElement.scrollWidth : document.documentElement.scrollHeight
+      )
+      offsetHeight = horizontalDirection ? window.innerWidth : window.innerHeight
+      scrollTop = horizontalDirection ? document.documentElement.scrollLeft : document.documentElement.scrollTop
     } else {
-      scrollHeight = (scrollerElement as HTMLElement).scrollHeight
-      offsetHeight = correctItemSize(scrollerElement as HTMLElement, 'height')
-      scrollTop = (scrollerElement as HTMLElement).scrollTop
+      scrollHeight = (scrollerElement as HTMLElement)[horizontalDirection ? 'scrollWidth' : 'scrollHeight']
+      offsetHeight = correctItemSize(scrollerElement as HTMLElement, horizontalDirection ? 'width' : 'height')
+      scrollTop = (scrollerElement as HTMLElement)[horizontalDirection ? 'scrollLeft' : 'scrollTop']
     }
 
     const maxScrollTop = scrollHeight - offsetHeight
@@ -119,10 +148,17 @@ export default function useScrollTop(
       scrollTopTarget.current = null
     }
 
+    if (horizontalDirection) {
+      location = { left: location.top, behavior: location.behavior }
+    }
+
     scrollerElement.scrollTo(location)
   }
 
   function scrollByCallback(location: ScrollToOptions) {
+    if (horizontalDirection) {
+      location = { left: location.top, behavior: location.behavior }
+    }
     scrollerRef.current!.scrollBy(location)
   }
 
diff --git a/test/__snapshots__/VirtuosoMockContext.test.tsx.snap b/test/__snapshots__/VirtuosoMockContext.test.tsx.snap
index 5d76388a6..bdbb69bc2 100644
--- a/test/__snapshots__/VirtuosoMockContext.test.tsx.snap
+++ b/test/__snapshots__/VirtuosoMockContext.test.tsx.snap
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ exports[`VirtuosoMockContext > List > correctly renders items 1`] = `
     >
       <div
         data-testid="virtuoso-item-list"
-        style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 500px; margin-top: 0px;"
+        style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 500px;"
       >
         <div
           data-index="0"
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ exports[`VirtuosoMockContext > List > correctly renders items with useWindowScro
     >
       <div
         data-testid="virtuoso-item-list"
-        style="box-sizing: border-box; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 500px; margin-top: 0px;"
+        style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 500px;"
       >
         <div
           data-index="0"