cparser.py

# PyCParser main file
# by Albert Zeyer, 2011
# code under BSD 2-Clause License

import ctypes, _ctypes
from inspect import isclass

SpaceChars = " \t"
LowercaseLetterChars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
LetterChars = LowercaseLetterChars + LowercaseLetterChars.upper()
NumberChars = "0123456789"
OpChars = "&|=!+-*/%<>^~?:,."
LongOps = [c+"=" for c in  "&|=+-*/%<>^~!"] + ["--","++","->","<<",">>","&&","||","<<=",">>=","::",".*","->*"]
OpeningBrackets = "[({"
ClosingBrackets = "})]"

# NOTE: most of the C++ stuff is not really supported yet
OpPrecedences = {
    "::": 1,
        "++": 2, # as postfix; 3 as prefix
        "--": 2, # as postfix; 3 as prefix
        ".": 2,
        "->": 2,
        "typeid": 2,
        "const_cast": 2,
        "dynamic_cast": 2,
        "reinterpret_cast": 2,
        "static_cast": 2,
        "!": 3,
        "~": 3,
        "sizeof": 3,
        "new": 3,
        "delete": 3,
        ".*": 4,
        "->*": 4,
        "*": 5, # as bin op; 3 as prefix
        "/": 5,
        "%": 5,
        "+": 6, # as bin op; 3 as prefix
        "-": 6, # as bin op; 3 as prefix
        "<<": 7,
        ">>": 7,
        "<": 8,
        "<=": 8,
        ">": 8,
        ">=": 8,
        "==": 9,
        "!=": 9,
        "&": 10, # as bin op; 3 as prefix
        "^": 11,
        "|": 12,
        "&&": 13,
        "||": 14,
        "?": 15, # a ? b : c
        "?:": 15, # this is the internal op representation when we have got all three sub nodes
        "=": 16,
        "+=": 16,
        "-=": 16,
        "*=": 16,
        "/=": 16,
        "%=": 16,
        "<<=": 16,
        ">>=": 16,
        "&=": 16,
        "^=": 16,
        "|=": 16,
        "throw": 17,
        ",": 18
}

OpsRightToLeft = set([
    "=",
        "+=", "-=",
        "*=", "/=", "%=",
        "<<=", ">>=",
        "&=", "^=", "|="
])

OpPrefixFuncs = {
    "+": (lambda x: +x),
        "-": (lambda x: -x),
        "&": (lambda x: ctypes.pointer(x)),
        "*": (lambda x: x.content),
        "++": (lambda x: ++x),
        "--": (lambda x: --x),
        "!": (lambda x: not x),
        "~": (lambda x: ~x),
}

OpPostfixFuncs = {
    "++", "--"
}

OpBinFuncs = {
    "+": (lambda a,b: a + b),
        "-": (lambda a,b: a - b),
        "*": (lambda a,b: a * b),
        "/": (lambda a,b: a / b),
        "%": (lambda a,b: a % b),
        "<<": (lambda a,b: a << b),
        ">>": (lambda a,b: a >> b),
        "<": (lambda a,b: a < b),
        "<=": (lambda a,b: a <= b),
        ">": (lambda a,b: a > b),
        ">=": (lambda a,b: a >= b),
        "==": (lambda a,b: a == b),
        "!=": (lambda a,b: a != b),
        "&": (lambda a,b: a & b),
        "^": (lambda a,b: a ^ b),
        "|": (lambda a,b: a | b),
        "&&": (lambda a,b: a and b),
        "||": (lambda a,b: a or b),
        ",": (lambda a,b: b),
        # NOTE: These assignment ops don't really behave like maybe expected
        # but they return the somewhat expected.
        "=": (lambda a,b: b),
        "+=": (lambda a,b: a + b),
        "-=": (lambda a,b: a - b),
        "*=": (lambda a,b: a * b),
        "/=": (lambda a,b: a / b),
        "%=": (lambda a,b: a % b),
        "<<=": (lambda a,b: a << b),
        ">>=": (lambda a,b: a >> b),
        "&=": (lambda a,b: a & b),
        "^=": (lambda a,b: a ^ b),
        "|=": (lambda a,b: a | b),
}

# WARNING: this isn't really complete
def simple_escape_char(c):
    if c == "n": return "\n"
    elif c == "t": return "\t"
    elif c == "a": return "\a"
    elif c == "b": return "\b"
    elif c == "f": return "\f"
    elif c == "r": return "\r"
    elif c == "v": return "\v"
    elif c == "0": return "\0"
    elif c == "\n": return ""
    elif c == '"': return '"'
    elif c == "'": return "'"
    elif c == "\\": return "\\"
    else:
        # Just to be sure so that users don't run into trouble.
        assert False, "simple_escape_char: cannot handle " + repr(c) + " yet"
        return c

def escape_cstr(s):
    return s.replace('"', '\\"')

def parse_macro_def_rightside(stateStruct, argnames, input):
    assert input is not None
    if stateStruct is None:
        class Dummy:
            def error(self, s): pass
        stateStruct = Dummy()

    def f(*args):
        assert len(args) == len(argnames or ())
        args = {k: v for (k, v) in zip(argnames or (), args)}

        ret = ""
        state = 0
        lastidentifier = ""
        for c in input:
            if state == 0:
                if c in SpaceChars: ret += c
                elif c in LetterChars + "_":
                    state = 1
                    lastidentifier = c
                elif c in NumberChars:
                    state = 2
                    ret += c
                elif c == '"':
                    state = 4
                    ret += c
                elif c == "#": state = 6
                else: ret += c
            elif state == 1: # identifier
                if c in LetterChars + NumberChars + "_":
                    lastidentifier += c
                elif c == "#":
                    if lastidentifier in args:
                        ret += args[lastidentifier]
                    else:
                        ret += lastidentifier
                    lastidentifier = ""
                    state = 9
                else:
                    if lastidentifier in args:
                        ret += args[lastidentifier]
                    else:
                        ret += lastidentifier
                    lastidentifier = ""
                    ret += c
                    state = 0
            elif state == 2: # number
                ret += c
                if c in NumberChars: pass
                elif c == "x": state = 3
                elif c in LetterChars + "_": pass # even if invalid, stay in this state
                else: state = 0
            elif state == 3: # hex number
                ret += c
                if c in NumberChars + LetterChars + "_": pass # also ignore invalids
                else: state = 0
            elif state == 4: # str
                ret += c
                if c == "\\": state = 5
                elif c == '"': state = 0
                else: pass
            elif state == 5: # escape in str
                state = 4
                ret += simple_escape_char(c)
            elif state == 6: # after "#"
                if c in SpaceChars + LetterChars + "_":
                    lastidentifier = c.strip()
                    state = 7
                elif c == "#":
                    ret = ret.rstrip()
                    state = 8
                else:
                    # unexpected, just recover
                    stateStruct.error("unfold macro: unexpected char '" + c + "' after #")
                    state = 0
            elif state == 7: # after single "#"	with identifier
                if c in LetterChars + NumberChars + "_":
                    lastidentifier += c
                else:
                    if lastidentifier not in args:
                        stateStruct.error("unfold macro: cannot stringify " + lastidentifier + ": not found")
                    else:
                        ret += '"' + escape_cstr(args[lastidentifier]) + '"'
                    lastidentifier = ""
                    state = 0
                    ret += c
            elif state == 8: # after "##"
                if c in SpaceChars: pass
                else:
                    lastidentifier = c
                    state = 1
            elif state == 9: # after identifier + "#"
                if c == "#": state = 10
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("unfold macro: unexpected char %r after in state %i" % (c, state))
                    state = 0  # recover
            elif state == 10: # after identifier + "##"
                if c in LetterChars + "_":
                    lastidentifier = c
                    state = 1
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("unfold macro: unexpected char %r after in state %i" % (c, state))
                    state = 0  # recover
            else:
                stateStruct.error("unfold macro: internal error, char %r, in state %i" % (c, state))
                state = 0  # recover
        # Final check.
        if state == 1:
            if lastidentifier in args:
                ret += args[lastidentifier]
            else:
                ret += lastidentifier

        return ret

    return f

class Macro(object):
    def __init__(self, state=None, macroname=None, args=None, rightside=None):
        self.name = macroname
        self.args = args
        self.rightside = rightside if (rightside is not None) else ""
        self.defPos = state.curPosAsStr() if state else "<unknown>"
        self._tokens = None
    def __str__(self):
        if self.args is not None:
            return "(" + ", ".join(self.args) + ") -> " + self.rightside
        else:
            return "_ -> " + self.rightside
    def __repr__(self):
        return "<Macro: " + str(self) + ">"
    def eval(self, state, args):
        if len(args) != len(self.args or ()): raise TypeError("invalid number of args (" + str(args) + ") for " + repr(self))
        func = parse_macro_def_rightside(state, self.args, self.rightside)
        return func(*args)
    def __call__(self, *args):
        return self.eval(None, args)
    def __eq__(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, Macro): return False
        return self.args == other.args and self.rightside == other.rightside
    def __ne__(self, other): return not self == other
    def _parseTokens(self, stateStruct):
        assert self.args is None
        if self._tokens is not None: return
        preprocessed = stateStruct.preprocess(self.rightside, None, repr(self))
        self._tokens = list(cpre2_parse(stateStruct, preprocessed))
    def getSingleIdentifer(self, stateStruct):
        assert self._tokens is not None
        if len(self._tokens) == 1 and isinstance(self._tokens[0], CIdentifier):
            return self._tokens[0].content
        return None
    def getCValue(self, stateStruct):
        tokens = self._tokens
        assert tokens is not None

        if all([isinstance(t, (CIdentifier,COp)) for t in tokens]):
            t = tuple([t.content for t in tokens])
            if t in stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes:
                return stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes[t].getCType(stateStruct)

        valueStmnt = CStatement()
        input_iter = iter(tokens)
        for token in input_iter:
            if isinstance(token, COpeningBracket):
                valueStmnt._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            else:
                valueStmnt._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
        valueStmnt.finalize(stateStruct)

        return valueStmnt.getConstValue(stateStruct)

# either some basic type, another typedef or some complex like CStruct/CUnion/...
class CType(object):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        for k,v in kwargs.items():
            setattr(self, k, v)
    def __repr__(self):
        return self.__class__.__name__ + " " + str(self.__dict__)
    def __eq__(self, other):
        if not hasattr(other, "__class__"): return False
        return self.__class__ is other.__class__ and self.__dict__ == other.__dict__
    def __ne__(self, other): return not self == other
    def __hash__(self): return hash(self.__class__) + 31 * hash(tuple(sorted(self.__dict__.items())))
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        raise NotImplementedError(str(self) + " getCType is not implemented")
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        raise NotImplementedError(str(self) + " asCCode not implemented")

class CUnknownType(CType):
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + "/* unknown */ int"
class CVoidType(CType):
    def __repr__(self): return "void"
    def getCType(self, stateStruct): return None
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + "void"
class CVariadicArgsType(CType):
    def getCType(self, stateStruct): return None
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + "..."

class CPointerType(CType):
    def __init__(self, ptr): self.pointerOf = ptr
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        try:
            t = getCType(self.pointerOf, stateStruct)
            if t is None:
                ptrType = getCType(ctypes.c_void_p, stateStruct)
            else:
                ptrType = ctypes.POINTER(t)
            return ptrType
        except CTypeConstructionException as e:
            stateStruct.error("getCType " + str(self) + ": error getting type (" + str(e) + "), falling back to void-ptr")
        return getCType(ctypes.c_void_p, stateStruct)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + asCCode(self.pointerOf) + "*"

class CBuiltinType(CType):
    def __init__(self, builtinType):
        assert isinstance(builtinType, tuple)
        self.builtinType = builtinType
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        t = stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes[self.builtinType]
        return getCType(t, stateStruct)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + " ".join(self.builtinType)

class CStdIntType(CType):
    def __init__(self, name): self.name = name
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        t = stateStruct.StdIntTypes[self.name]
        return getCType(t, stateStruct)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + self.name

class CArrayType(CType):
    def __init__(self, arrayOf, arrayLen):
        self.arrayOf = arrayOf
        self.arrayLen = arrayLen
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        try:
            t = getCType(self.arrayOf, stateStruct)
        except Exception as e:
            stateStruct.error(str(self) + ": error getting type (" + str(e) + "), falling back to int")
            t = ctypes.c_int
            if stateStruct.IndirectSimpleCTypes:
                t = wrapCTypeClassIfNeeded(t)
        if not self.arrayLen:
            return ctypes.POINTER(t)
        l = getConstValue(stateStruct, self.arrayLen)
        if l is None:
            stateStruct.error("%s: error getting array len, falling back to 1" % self)
            l = 1
        return t * l
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return "%s%s[%s]" % (indent, asCCode(self.arrayOf), asCCode(self.arrayLen))


def getCType(t, stateStruct):
    """
    :type stateStruct: State
    """
    assert not isinstance(t, CUnknownType)
    try:
        if issubclass(t, (_ctypes._SimpleCData,ctypes._Pointer,ctypes._CFuncPtr)):
            if stateStruct.IndirectSimpleCTypes:
                return wrapCTypeClassIfNeeded(t)
            return t
    except Exception: pass # e.g. typeerror or so
    if isinstance(t, (CStruct,CUnion,CEnum)):
        if t.body is None:
            # it probably is the pre-declaration. but we might find the real-one
            if isinstance(t, CStruct): D = "structs"
            elif isinstance(t, CUnion): D = "unions"
            elif isinstance(t, CEnum): D = "enums"
            t = getattr(stateStruct, D).get(t.name, t)
        return t.getCType(stateStruct)
    if isinstance(t, _CBaseWithOptBody):
        return t.getCType(stateStruct)
    if isinstance(t, CType):
        return t.getCType(stateStruct)
    raise Exception(str(t) + " cannot be converted to a C type")

def getCTypeWrapped(t, stateStruct):
    """
    :type stateStruct: State
    """
    t = getCType(t, stateStruct)
    assert issubclass(t, (_ctypes._SimpleCData, ctypes._Pointer, ctypes._CFuncPtr,
                          ctypes.Structure, ctypes.Union))
    return wrapCTypeClassIfNeeded(t)

def isSameType(stateStruct, type1, type2):
    ctype1 = getCType(type1, stateStruct)
    ctype2 = getCType(type2, stateStruct)
    return ctype1 == ctype2

def isType(t):
    if isinstance(t, CType) and not isinstance(t, CWrapValue): return True
    if isinstance(t, CStatement):
        return t.isCType()
    try:
        if issubclass(t, _ctypes._SimpleCData): return True
    except Exception: pass # e.g. typeerror or so
    if isinstance(t, (CStruct,CUnion,CEnum,CTypedef)): return True
    return False

def getSizeOf(t, stateStruct):
    t = getCType(t, stateStruct)
    return ctypes.sizeof(t)

class State(object):
    # See _getCTypeStruct for details.
    IndirectSimpleCTypes = False

    EmptyMacro = Macro(None, None, (), "")
    CBuiltinTypes = {
        ("void",): CVoidType(),
            ("void", "*"): ctypes.c_void_p,
            ("char",): ctypes.c_byte,
            ("unsigned", "char"): ctypes.c_ubyte,
            ("short",): ctypes.c_short,
            ("unsigned", "short"): ctypes.c_ushort,
            ("int",): ctypes.c_int,
            ("signed",): ctypes.c_int,
            ("unsigned", "int"): ctypes.c_uint,
            ("unsigned",): ctypes.c_uint,
            ("long",): ctypes.c_long,
            ("unsigned", "long"): ctypes.c_ulong,
            ("long", "long"): ctypes.c_longlong,
            ("unsigned", "long", "long"): ctypes.c_ulonglong,
            ("float",): ctypes.c_float,
            ("double",): ctypes.c_double,
            ("long", "double"): ctypes.c_longdouble,
    }
    StdIntTypes = {
        "uint8_t": ctypes.c_uint8,
            "uint16_t": ctypes.c_uint16,
            "uint32_t": ctypes.c_uint32,
            "uint64_t": ctypes.c_uint64,
            "int8_t": ctypes.c_int8,
            "int16_t": ctypes.c_int16,
            "int32_t": ctypes.c_int32,
            "int64_t": ctypes.c_int64,
            "byte": ctypes.c_byte,
            "wchar_t": ctypes.c_wchar,
            "size_t": ctypes.c_size_t,
            "ptrdiff_t": ctypes.c_long,
            "intptr_t": ctypes.c_long,
            "FILE": ctypes.c_int, # NOTE: not really correct but shouldn't matter unless we directly access it
    }
    Attribs = [
        "const",
            "extern",
            "static",
            "register",
            "volatile",
            "__inline__",
            "inline",
    ]

    def __init__(self):
        self.parent = None
        self.macros = {} # name -> Macro
        self.typedefs = {} # name -> type
        self.structs = {} # name -> CStruct
        self.unions = {} # name -> CUnion
        self.enums = {} # name -> CEnum
        self.funcs = {} # name -> CFunc
        self.vars = {} # name -> CVarDecl
        self.enumconsts = {} # name -> CEnumConst
        self.contentlist = []
        self._preprocessIfLevels = []
        self._preprocessIgnoreCurrent = False
        # 0->didnt got true yet, 1->in true part, 2->after true part. and that as a stack
        self._preprocessIncludeLevel = []
        self._errors = []
        self._global_include_wrapper = None
        self._global_include_list = []
        self._construct_struct_type_stack = []  # via _getCTypeStruct

    @classmethod
    def getDictNameForType(cls, objType):
        if issubclass(objType, Macro): return "macros"
        if issubclass(objType, CTypedef): return "typedef"  # not really consistent
        if issubclass(objType, CStruct): return "structs"
        if issubclass(objType, CUnion): return "unions"
        if issubclass(objType, CEnum): return "enums"
        if issubclass(objType, CFunc): return "funcs"
        if issubclass(objType, CVarDecl): return "vars"
        if issubclass(objType, CEnumConst): return "enumconsts"
        assert False, "unknown type %r" % objType

    def getResolvedDecl(self, obj):
        attrib = self.getDictNameForType(type(obj))
        d = getattr(self, attrib)
        return d.get(obj.name, obj)

    def autoSetupSystemMacros(self, system_specific=False):
        import sys
        self.macros["__attribute__"] = Macro(args=("x",), rightside="")
        self.macros["__GNUC__"] = Macro(rightside="4") # most headers just behave more sane with this :)
        self.macros["__GNUC_MINOR__"] = Macro(rightside="2")
        #self.macros["UINT64_C"] = Macro(args=("C"), rightside= "C##ui64") # or move to stdint.h handler?
        if system_specific and sys.platform == "darwin":
            self.macros["__APPLE__"] = self.EmptyMacro
            self.macros["__MACH__"] = self.EmptyMacro
            self.macros["__MACOSX__"] = self.EmptyMacro
            self.macros["i386"] = self.EmptyMacro
            self.macros["MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED"] = Macro(rightside="1030")

    def autoSetupGlobalIncludeWrappers(self):
        if self._global_include_wrapper: return
        from globalincludewrappers import Wrapper
        self._global_include_wrapper = Wrapper(self)
        self._global_include_wrapper.install()

    def incIncludeLineChar(self, fullfilename=None, inc=None, line=None, char=None, charMod=None):
        CharStartIndex = 0
        LineStartIndex = 1
        if inc is not None:
            self._preprocessIncludeLevel += [[fullfilename, inc, LineStartIndex, CharStartIndex]]
        if len(self._preprocessIncludeLevel) == 0:
            self._preprocessIncludeLevel += [[None, "<input>", LineStartIndex, CharStartIndex]]
        if line is not None:
            self._preprocessIncludeLevel[-1][2] += line
            self._preprocessIncludeLevel[-1][3] = CharStartIndex
        if char is not None:
            c = self._preprocessIncludeLevel[-1][3]
            c += char
            if charMod is not None:
                c = c - (c - CharStartIndex) % charMod + CharStartIndex
            self._preprocessIncludeLevel[-1][3] = c

    def curPosAsStr(self):
        if len(self._preprocessIncludeLevel) == 0: return "<out-of-scope>"
        l = self._preprocessIncludeLevel[-1]
        return ":".join([l[1], str(l[2]), str(l[3])])

    def curFile(self):
        if not self._preprocessIncludeLevel: return "<out-of-scope>"
        return self._preprocessIncludeLevel[-1][1]

    def curLine(self):
        if not self._preprocessIncludeLevel: return -1
        return self._preprocessIncludeLevel[-1][2]

    def error(self, s):
        self._errors.append(self.curPosAsStr() + ": " + s)

    def log(self, *args):
        print(self.curPosAsStr() + ": " + " ".join(map(str, args)))

    def findIncludeFullFilename(self, filename, local):
        if local:
            dir = ""
            if filename[0] != "/":
                if self._preprocessIncludeLevel and self._preprocessIncludeLevel[-1][0]:
                    import os.path
                    dir = os.path.dirname(self._preprocessIncludeLevel[-1][0])
                if not dir: dir = "."
                dir += "/"
        else:
            dir = ""

        fullfilename = dir + filename
        return fullfilename

    def readLocalInclude(self, filename):
        fullfilename = self.findIncludeFullFilename(filename, True)

        try:
            import codecs
            f = codecs.open(fullfilename, "r", "utf-8")
        except Exception as e:
            self.error("cannot open local include-file '" + filename + "': " + str(e))
            return "", None

        def reader():
            while True:
                c = f.read(1)
                if len(c) == 0: break
                yield c
        reader = reader()

        return reader, fullfilename

    def readGlobalInclude(self, filename):
        if filename == "inttypes.h": return "", None # we define those types as builtin-types
        elif filename == "stdint.h": return "", None
        else:
            self.error("no handler for global include-file '" + filename + "'")
            return "", None

    def preprocess_file(self, filename, local):
        if local:
            reader, fullfilename = self.readLocalInclude(filename)
        else:
            reader, fullfilename = self.readGlobalInclude(filename)

        for c in self.preprocess(reader, fullfilename, filename):
            yield c

    def preprocess_source_code(self, source_code, dummy_filename="<input>"):
        for c in self.preprocess(source_code, dummy_filename, dummy_filename):
            yield c

    def preprocess(self, reader, fullfilename, filename):
        self.incIncludeLineChar(fullfilename=fullfilename, inc=filename)
        for c in cpreprocess_parse(self, reader):
            yield c
        self._preprocessIncludeLevel = self._preprocessIncludeLevel[:-1]

    def depth(self): return 0


def is_valid_defname(defname):
    if not defname: return False
    gotValidPrefix = False
    for c in defname:
        if c in LetterChars + "_":
            gotValidPrefix = True
        elif c in NumberChars:
            if not gotValidPrefix: return False
        else:
            return False
    return True

def cpreprocess_evaluate_ifdef(state, arg):
    arg = arg.strip()
    if not is_valid_defname(arg):
        state.error("preprocessor: '" + arg + "' is not a valid macro name")
        return False
    if arg in ("__FILE__", "__LINE__"): return True
    return arg in state.macros

def cpreprocess_evaluate_single(state, arg):
    if arg == "": return None
    try: return int(arg) # is integer?
    except ValueError: pass
    try: return long(arg) # is long?
    except ValueError: pass
    try: return int(arg, 16) # is hex?
    except ValueError: pass
    if len(arg) >= 2 and arg[0] == '"' and arg[-1] == '"': return arg[1:-1] # is string?

    if not is_valid_defname(arg):
        state.error("preprocessor eval single: '" + arg + "' is not a valid macro name")
        return 0
    if arg not in state.macros:
        # This is not an error.
        return 0
    try:
        resolved = state.macros[arg]()
    except Exception as e:
        state.error("preprocessor eval single error on '" + arg + "': " + str(e))
        return 0
    return cpreprocess_evaluate_cond(state, resolved)

def cpreprocess_evaluate_cond(stateStruct, condstr):
    state = 0
    bracketLevel = 0
    substr = ""
    laststr = ""
    lasteval = None
    op = None
    prefixOp = None
    opstr = ""
    args = []
    i = 0
    while i < len(condstr):
        c = condstr[i]
        i += 1
        breakLoop = False
        while not breakLoop:
            breakLoop = True

            if state == 0:
                if c == "(":
                    if laststr == "":
                        state = 1
                        bracketLevel = 1
                    else:
                        state = 10
                        breakLoop = False
                elif c == ")":
                    stateStruct.error("preprocessor: runaway ')' in " + repr(condstr))
                    return
                elif c in SpaceChars:
                    if laststr == "defined": state = 5
                    elif laststr != "": state = 10
                    else: pass
                elif c in OpChars:
                    state = 10
                    breakLoop = False
                elif c == '"':
                    if laststr == "":
                        state = 20
                    else:
                        stateStruct.error("preprocessor: '\"' not expected")
                        return
                elif c == "'":
                    if laststr == "":
                        state = 22
                    else:
                        stateStruct.error("preprocessor: \"'\" not expected")
                        return
                else:
                    laststr += c
            elif state == 1: # in bracket
                if c == "(":
                    bracketLevel += 1
                if c == ")":
                    bracketLevel -= 1
                    if bracketLevel == 0:
                        neweval = cpreprocess_evaluate_cond(stateStruct, substr)
                        state = 18
                        if prefixOp is not None:
                            neweval = prefixOp(neweval)
                            prefixOp = None
                        if op is not None: lasteval = op(lasteval, neweval)
                        else: lasteval = neweval
                        substr = ""
                    else: # bracketLevel > 0
                        substr += c
                elif c == '"':
                    state = 2
                    substr += c
                else:
                    substr += c
            elif state == 2: # in str in bracket
                substr += c
                if c == "\\": state = 3
                elif c == '"': state = 1
                else: pass
            elif state == 3: # in escape in str in bracket
                substr += c
                state = 2
            elif state == 5: # after "defined" without brackets (yet)
                if c in SpaceChars: pass
                elif c == "(":
                    state = 10
                    breakLoop = False
                elif c == ")":
                    stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval: 'defined' invalid in '" + condstr + "'")
                    return
                else:
                    laststr = c
                    state = 6
            elif state == 6: # chars after "defined"
                if c in LetterChars + "_" + NumberChars:
                    laststr += c
                else:
                    macroname = laststr
                    if not is_valid_defname(macroname):
                        stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval defined-check: '" + macroname + "' is not a valid macro name")
                        return
                    neweval = macroname in stateStruct.macros
                    if prefixOp is not None:
                        neweval = prefixOp(neweval)
                        prefixOp = None
                    oldlast = lasteval
                    if op is not None: lasteval = op(lasteval, neweval)
                    else: lasteval = neweval
                    opstr = ""
                    laststr = ""
                    state = 18
                    breakLoop = False
            elif state == 10: # after identifier
                if c in SpaceChars: pass
                elif c in OpChars:
                    if laststr != "":
                        neweval = cpreprocess_evaluate_single(stateStruct, laststr)
                        if prefixOp is not None:
                            neweval = prefixOp(neweval)
                            prefixOp = None
                        if op is not None: lasteval = op(lasteval, neweval)
                        else: lasteval = neweval
                        laststr = ""
                    opstr = ""
                    state = 18
                    breakLoop = False
                elif c == "(":
                    state = 11
                    bracketLevel = 1
                    args = []
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval: '" + c + "' not expected after '" + laststr + "' in state 10 with '" + condstr + "'")
                    return
            elif state == 11: # after "(" after identifier
                if c == "(":
                    if len(args) == 0: args = [""]
                    args[-1] += c
                    bracketLevel += 1
                    state = 12
                elif c == ")":
                    macroname = laststr
                    if macroname == "defined":
                        if len(args) != 1:
                            stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval defined-check args invalid: " + str(args))
                            return
                        else:
                            macroname = args[0]
                            if not is_valid_defname(macroname):
                                stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval defined-check: '" + macroname + "' is not a valid macro name")
                                return
                            neweval = macroname in stateStruct.macros
                    else:
                        if not is_valid_defname(macroname):
                            stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval call: '" + macroname + "' is not a valid macro name in " + repr(condstr))
                            return
                        if macroname not in stateStruct.macros:
                            stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval call: '" + macroname + "' is unknown")
                            return
                        macro = stateStruct.macros[macroname]
                        try:
                            resolved = macro.eval(stateStruct, args)
                        except Exception as e:
                            stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval call on '" + macroname + "': error " + str(e))
                            return
                        neweval = cpreprocess_evaluate_cond(stateStruct, resolved)

                    if prefixOp is not None:
                        neweval = prefixOp(neweval)
                        prefixOp = None
                    oldlast = lasteval
                    if op is not None: lasteval = op(lasteval, neweval)
                    else: lasteval = neweval
                    #print "after ):", laststr, args, neweval, op.func_code.co_firstlineno if op else "no-op", oldlast, "->", lasteval
                    laststr = ""
                    opstr = ""
                    state = 18
                elif c == '"':
                    if len(args) == 0: args = [""]
                    args[-1] += c
                    state = 13
                elif c == ",": args += [""]
                else:
                    if len(args) == 0: args = [""]
                    args[-1] += c
            elif state == 12: # in additional "(" after "(" after identifier
                args[-1] += c
                if c == "(": bracketLevel += 1
                elif c == ")":
                    bracketLevel -= 1
                    if bracketLevel == 1: state = 11
                elif c == '"': state = 13
                else: pass
            elif state == 13: # in str after "(" after identifier
                args[-1] += c
                if c == "\\": state = 14
                elif c == '"':
                    if bracketLevel > 1: state = 12
                    else: state = 11
                else: pass
            elif state == 14: # in escape in str after "(" after identifier
                args[-1] += c
                state = 13
            elif state == 18: # op after identifier/expression
                if c in OpChars: opstr += c
                else:
                    if opstr == "":
                        if c in SpaceChars: pass
                        else:
                            stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval: expected op but got '" + c + "' in '" + condstr + "' in state 18")
                            return
                    else:
                        if opstr == "&&":
                            op = lambda x,y: x and y
                            # short path check
                            if not lasteval: return lasteval
                        elif opstr == "||":
                            op = lambda x,y: x or y
                            # short path check
                            if lasteval: return lasteval
                        elif opstr in OpBinFuncs:
                            op = OpBinFuncs[opstr]
                            # HACK: add "()" in some way...
                            j = i
                            while j < len(condstr):
                                if condstr[j] == "'":
                                    j += 1
                                    while j < len(condstr):
                                        if condstr[j] == "'": break
                                        if condstr[j] == "\\": j += 1
                                        j += 1
                                    continue
                                if condstr[j] == '"':
                                    j += 1
                                    while j < len(condstr):
                                        if condstr[j] == '"': break
                                        if condstr[j] == "\\": j += 1
                                        j += 1
                                    continue
                                if condstr[j] in OpChars:
                                    nextopstr = ""
                                    while j < len(condstr) and condstr[j] in OpChars:
                                        nextopstr += condstr[j]
                                        j += 1
                                    if nextopstr in OpBinFuncs:
                                        if OpPrecedences[opstr] > OpPrecedences[nextopstr]:
                                            condstr = condstr[:i] + "(" + condstr[i:] + ")"
                                    #if j < len(condstr):
                                    #	condstr = condstr[:j] + "(" + condstr[j:] + ")"
                                    break
                                j += 1
                        elif opstr in OpPrefixFuncs:
                            newprefixop = OpPrefixFuncs[opstr]
                            if prefixOp: prefixOp = lambda x: prefixOp(newprefixop(x))
                            else: prefixOp = newprefixop
                        else:
                            stateStruct.error("invalid op '" + opstr + "' with '" + c + "' following in '" + condstr + "'")
                            return
                        opstr = ""
                        laststr = ""
                        state = 0
                        breakLoop = False
            elif state == 20: # in str
                if c == "\\": state = 21
                elif c == '"':
                    state = 0
                    neweval = laststr
                    laststr = ""
                    if prefixOp is not None:
                        neweval = prefixOp(neweval)
                        prefixOp = None
                    if op is not None: lasteval = op(lasteval, neweval)
                    else: lasteval = neweval
                else: laststr += c
            elif state == 21: # in escape in str
                laststr += simple_escape_char(c)
                state = 20
            elif state == 22: # in char
                if c == "\\": state = 23
                elif c == "'":
                    state = 0
                    neweval = laststr
                    laststr = ""
                    if prefixOp is not None:
                        neweval = prefixOp(neweval)
                        prefixOp = None
                    if op is not None: lasteval = op(lasteval, neweval)
                    else: lasteval = neweval
                else: laststr += c
            elif state == 23: # in escape in char
                laststr += simple_escape_char(c)
                state = 22
            else:
                stateStruct.error("internal error in preprocessor evaluation: state " + str(state))
                return

    if state in (0,10):
        if laststr != "":
            neweval = cpreprocess_evaluate_single(stateStruct, laststr)
            if prefixOp is not None:
                neweval = prefixOp(neweval)
                prefixOp = None
            if op is not None: lasteval = op(lasteval, neweval)
            else: lasteval = neweval
    elif state == 6:
        macroname = laststr
        if not is_valid_defname(macroname):
            stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval defined-check: '" + macroname + "' is not a valid macro name")
            return
        neweval = macroname in stateStruct.macros
        if prefixOp is not None:
            neweval = prefixOp(neweval)
            prefixOp = None
        oldlast = lasteval
        if op is not None: lasteval = op(lasteval, neweval)
        else: lasteval = neweval
    elif state == 18: # expected op
        if opstr != "":
            stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval: unfinished op: '" + opstr + "'")
        else: pass
    else:
        stateStruct.error("preprocessor eval: invalid argument: '" + condstr + "'. unfinished state " + str(state))

    #print "eval:", condstr, "->", lasteval
    return lasteval

def cpreprocess_handle_include(state, arg):
    arg = arg.strip()
    if len(arg) < 2:
        state.error("invalid include argument: '" + arg + "'")
        return
    if arg[0] == '"' and arg[-1] == '"':
        local = True
        filename = arg[1:-1]
    elif arg[0] == "<" and arg[-1] == ">":
        local = False
        filename = arg[1:-1]
    else:
        state.error("invalid include argument: '" + arg + "'")
        return
    for c in state.preprocess_file(filename=filename, local=local): yield c

def cpreprocess_handle_def(stateStruct, arg):
    state = 0
    macroname = ""
    args = None
    rightside = ""
    for c in arg:
        if state == 0:
            if c in SpaceChars:
                if macroname != "": state = 3
            elif c == "(":
                state = 2
                args = []
            else: macroname += c
        elif state == 2: # after "("
            if c in SpaceChars: pass
            elif c == ",": args += [""]
            elif c == ")": state = 3
            else:
                if not args: args = [""]
                args[-1] += c
        elif state == 3: # rightside
            rightside += c

    if not is_valid_defname(macroname):
        stateStruct.error("preprocessor define: '" + macroname + "' is not a valid macro name")
        return

    if macroname in stateStruct.macros:
        stateStruct.error("preprocessor define: '" + macroname + "' already defined." +
                          " previously defined at " + stateStruct.macros[macroname].defPos)
        # pass through to use new definition

    macro = Macro(stateStruct, macroname, args, rightside)
    stateStruct.macros[macroname] = macro
    return macro

def cpreprocess_handle_undef(state, arg):
    arg = arg.strip()
    if not is_valid_defname(arg):
        state.error("preprocessor: '" + arg + "' is not a valid macro name")
        return
    if not arg in state.macros:
        # This is not an error. Just ignore.
        return
    state.macros.pop(arg)

def handle_cpreprocess_cmd(state, cmd, arg):
    #if not state._preprocessIgnoreCurrent:
    #	print "cmd", cmd, arg

    if cmd == "ifdef":
        state._preprocessIfLevels += [0]
        if any(map(lambda x: x != 1, state._preprocessIfLevels[:-1])): return # we don't really care
        check = cpreprocess_evaluate_ifdef(state, arg)
        if check: state._preprocessIfLevels[-1] = 1

    elif cmd == "ifndef":
        state._preprocessIfLevels += [0]
        if any(map(lambda x: x != 1, state._preprocessIfLevels[:-1])): return # we don't really care
        check = not cpreprocess_evaluate_ifdef(state, arg)
        if check: state._preprocessIfLevels[-1] = 1

    elif cmd == "if":
        state._preprocessIfLevels += [0]
        if any(map(lambda x: x != 1, state._preprocessIfLevels[:-1])): return # we don't really care
        check = cpreprocess_evaluate_cond(state, arg)
        if check: state._preprocessIfLevels[-1] = 1

    elif cmd == "elif":
        if any(map(lambda x: x != 1, state._preprocessIfLevels[:-1])): return # we don't really care
        if len(state._preprocessIfLevels) == 0:
            state.error("preprocessor: elif without if")
            return
        if state._preprocessIfLevels[-1] >= 1:
            state._preprocessIfLevels[-1] = 2 # we already had True
        else:
            check = cpreprocess_evaluate_cond(state, arg)
            if check: state._preprocessIfLevels[-1] = 1

    elif cmd == "else":
        if any(map(lambda x: x != 1, state._preprocessIfLevels[:-1])): return # we don't really care
        if len(state._preprocessIfLevels) == 0:
            state.error("preprocessor: else without if")
            return
        if state._preprocessIfLevels[-1] >= 1:
            state._preprocessIfLevels[-1] = 2 # we already had True
        else:
            state._preprocessIfLevels[-1] = 1

    elif cmd == "endif":
        if len(state._preprocessIfLevels) == 0:
            state.error("preprocessor: endif without if")
            return
        state._preprocessIfLevels = state._preprocessIfLevels[0:-1]

    elif cmd == "include":
        if state._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: return
        for c in cpreprocess_handle_include(state, arg): yield c

    elif cmd == "define":
        if state._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: return
        cpreprocess_handle_def(state, arg)

    elif cmd == "undef":
        if state._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: return
        cpreprocess_handle_undef(state, arg)

    elif cmd == "pragma":
        pass # ignore at all right now

    elif cmd == "error":
        if state._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: return # we don't really care
        state.error("preprocessor error command: " + arg)

    elif cmd == "warning":
        if state._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: return # we don't really care
        state.error("preprocessor warning command: " + arg)

    else:
        if state._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: return # we don't really care
        state.error("preprocessor command " + cmd + " unknown")

    state._preprocessIgnoreCurrent = any(map(lambda x: x != 1, state._preprocessIfLevels))

def cpreprocess_parse(stateStruct, input):
    """
    :type stateStruct: State
    :param str | iterable[char] input: not-yet preprocessed C code
    :returns preprocessed C code, iterator of chars
    This removes comments and can skip over parts, which is controlled by
    the C preprocessor commands (`#if 0` parts or so).
    We will not do C preprocessor macro substitutions here.
    The next func which gets this output is cpre2_parse().
    """
    cmd = ""
    arg = ""
    state = 0
    statebeforecomment = None
    for c in input:
        breakLoop = False
        while not breakLoop:
            breakLoop = True

            if state == 0:
                if c == "#":
                    cmd = ""
                    arg = None
                    state = 1
                elif c == "/":
                    statebeforecomment = 0
                    state = 20
                elif c == '"':
                    if not stateStruct._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: yield c
                    state = 10
                elif c == "'":
                    if not stateStruct._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: yield c
                    state = 12
                else:
                    if not stateStruct._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: yield c
            elif state == 1: # start of preprocessor command
                if c in SpaceChars: pass
                elif c == "\n": state = 0
                else:
                    cmd = c
                    state = 2
            elif state == 2: # in the middle of the preprocessor command
                if c in SpaceChars:
                    if arg is None: arg = ""
                    else: arg += c
                elif c == "(":
                    if arg is None: arg = c
                    else: arg += c
                elif c == "/":
                    state = 20
                    statebeforecomment = 2
                elif c == '"':
                    state = 3
                    if arg is None: arg = ""
                    arg += c
                elif c == "'":
                    state = 4
                    if arg is None: arg = ""
                    arg += c
                elif c == "\\": state = 5 # escape next
                elif c == "\n":
                    for c in handle_cpreprocess_cmd(stateStruct, cmd, arg): yield c
                    state = 0
                else:
                    if arg is None: cmd += c
                    else: arg += c
            elif state == 3: # in '"' in arg in command
                arg += c
                if c == "\n":
                    stateStruct.error("preproc parse: unfinished str")
                    state = 0
                elif c == "\\": state = 35
                elif c == '"': state = 2
            elif state == 35: # in esp in '"' in arg in command
                arg += c
                state = 3
            elif state == 4: # in "'" in arg in command
                arg += c
                if c == "\n":
                    stateStruct.error("preproc parse: unfinished char str")
                    state = 0
                elif c == "\\": state = 45
                elif c == "'": state = 2
            elif state == 45: # in esp in "'" in arg in command
                arg += c
                state = 4
            elif state == 5: # after escape in arg in command
                if c == "\n": state = 2
                else: pass # ignore everything, wait for newline
            elif state == 10: # after '"'
                if not stateStruct._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: yield c
                if c == "\\": state = 11
                elif c == '"': state = 0
                else: pass
            elif state == 11: # escape in "str
                if not stateStruct._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: yield c
                state = 10
            elif state == 12: # after "'"
                if not stateStruct._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: yield c
                if c == "\\": state = 13
                elif c == "'": state = 0
                else: pass
            elif state == 13: # escape in 'str
                if not stateStruct._preprocessIgnoreCurrent: yield c
                state = 12
            elif state == 20: # after "/", possible start of comment
                if c == "*": state = 21 # C-style comment
                elif c == "/": state = 25 # C++-style comment
                else:
                    state = statebeforecomment
                    statebeforecomment = None
                    if state == 0:
                        if not stateStruct._preprocessIgnoreCurrent:
                            yield "/"
                            yield c
                    elif state == 2:
                        if arg is None: arg = ""
                        arg += "/" + c
                    else:
                        stateStruct.error("preproc parse: internal error after possible comment. didn't expect state " + str(state))
                        state = 0 # best we can do
            elif state == 21: # C-style comment
                if c == "*": state = 22
                else: pass
            elif state == 22: # C-style comment after "*"
                if c == "/":
                    state = statebeforecomment
                    statebeforecomment = None
                elif c == "*": pass
                else: state = 21
            elif state == 25: # C++-style comment
                if c == "\n":
                    state = statebeforecomment
                    statebeforecomment = None
                    breakLoop = False # rehandle return
                else: pass
            else:
                stateStruct.error("internal error: invalid state " + str(state))
                state = 0 # reset. it's the best we can do

        if c == "\n": stateStruct.incIncludeLineChar(line=1)
        elif c == "\t": stateStruct.incIncludeLineChar(char=4, charMod=4)
        else: stateStruct.incIncludeLineChar(char=1)

    # yield dummy additional new-line at end
    yield "\n"

class _CBase(object):
    def __init__(self, content=None, rawstr=None, **kwargs):
        self.content = content
        self.rawstr = rawstr
        for k,v in kwargs.items():
            setattr(self, k, v)
    def __repr__(self):
        if self.content is None: return "<" + self.__class__.__name__ + ">"
        return "<" + self.__class__.__name__ + " " + repr(self.content) + ">"
    def __eq__(self, other):
        return self.__class__ is other.__class__ and self.content == other.content
    def __ne__(self, other):
        return not self == other
    def __hash__(self): return hash(self.__class__) + 31 * hash(self.content)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + self.content

class CStr(_CBase):
    def __repr__(self): return "<" + self.__class__.__name__ + " " + repr(self.content) + ">"
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + '"' + escape_cstr(self.content) + '"'
class CChar(_CBase):
    def __init__(self, content=None, rawstr=None, **kwargs):
        if isinstance(content, (unicode,str)): content = ord(content)
        assert isinstance(content, int), "CChar expects int, got " + repr(content)
        assert 0 <= content <= 255, "CChar expects number in range 0-255, got " + str(content)
        _CBase.__init__(self, content, rawstr, **kwargs)
    def __repr__(self): return "<" + self.__class__.__name__ + " " + repr(self.content) + ">"
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        if isinstance(self.content, str):
            return indent + "'" + escape_cstr(self.content) + "'"
        else:
            assert isinstance(self.content, int)
            return indent + "'" + escape_cstr(chr(self.content)) + "'"
class CNumber(_CBase):
    typeSpec = None  # prefix like "f", "i" or so, or None
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + self.rawstr
class CIdentifier(_CBase): pass
class COp(_CBase): pass
class CSemicolon(_CBase):
    def asCCode(self, indent=""): return indent + ";"
class COpeningBracket(_CBase): pass
class CClosingBracket(_CBase): pass

def cpre2_parse_number(stateStruct, s):
    if len(s) > 1 and s[0] == "0" and s[1] in NumberChars:
        try:
            s = s.rstrip("ULul")
            return long(s, 8)
        except Exception as e:
            stateStruct.error("cpre2_parse_number: " + s + " looks like octal but got error " + str(e))
            return 0
    if len(s) > 1 and s[0] == "0" and s[1] in "xX":
        try:
            s = s.rstrip("ULul")
            return long(s, 16)
        except Exception as e:
            stateStruct.error("cpre2_parse_number: " + s + " looks like hex but got error " + str(e))
            return 0
    try:
        s = s.rstrip("ULul")
        return long(s)
    except Exception as e:
        stateStruct.error("cpre2_parse_number: " + s + " cannot be parsed: " + str(e))
        return 0

def _cpre2_parse_args(stateStruct, input, brackets, separator=COp(",")):
    """
    :type stateStruct: State
    :param iterable[char] input: like cpre2_parse
    :param list[str] brackets: opening brackets stack
    :param sep_type: the separator type, e.g. CSemicolon or COp
    :returns list of args, where each arg is a list of tokens from cpre2_parse.
    :rtype: list[list[token]]
    """
    initial_bracket_len = len(brackets)
    args = []
    for s in cpre2_parse(stateStruct, input, brackets=brackets):
        if len(brackets) < initial_bracket_len:
            # We got the final closing bracket. We have finished parsing the args.
            assert isinstance(s, CClosingBracket)
            assert len(brackets) == initial_bracket_len - 1
            return args
        if len(brackets) == initial_bracket_len and s == separator:
            args.append("")
        else:
            if not args: args.append("")
            if args[-1]: args[-1] += " "
            args[-1] += s.asCCode()
    stateStruct.error("cpre2 parse args: runaway")
    return args

class _Pre2ParseStream:
    def __init__(self, input):
        self.input = input
        self.macro_blacklist = set()
        self.buffer_stack = [[None, ""]]  # list[(macroname,buffer)]

    def next_char(self):
        for i in reversed(range(len(self.buffer_stack))):
            if not self.buffer_stack[i][1]: continue
            c = self.buffer_stack[i][1][0]
            self.buffer_stack[i][1] = self.buffer_stack[i][1][1:]
            # finalize handling will be in finalize_char()
            return c
        try:
            return next(self.input)
        except StopIteration:
            return None

    def add_macro(self, macroname, resolved, c):
        self.buffer_stack += [[macroname, resolved]]
        self.macro_blacklist.add(macroname)
        self.buffer_stack[-2][1] = c + self.buffer_stack[-2][1]

    def finalize_char(self, laststr):
        # Finalize buffer_stack here. Here because the macro_blacklist needs to be active
        # in the code above.
        if not laststr and len(self.buffer_stack) > 1 and not self.buffer_stack[-1][1]:
            self.macro_blacklist.remove(self.buffer_stack[-1][0])
            self.buffer_stack = self.buffer_stack[:-1]

def cpre2_parse(stateStruct, input, brackets=None):
    """
    :type stateStruct: State
    :param str | iterable[char] | _Pre2ParseStream input: chars of preprocessed C code.
            except of macro substitution. usually via cpreprocess_parse().
    :param list[str] | None brackets: opening brackets stack
    :returns token iterator. this will also substitute macros
    The input comes more or less from cpreprocess_parse().
    This output will be handled by cpre3_parse().
    """
    state = 0
    if brackets is None: brackets = []
    if not isinstance(input, _Pre2ParseStream):
        input = _Pre2ParseStream(input)
    laststr = ""
    macroname = ""
    macroargs = []
    while True:
        c = input.next_char()
        if c is None:
            break
        breakLoop = False
        while not breakLoop:
            breakLoop = True
            if state == 0:
                if c in SpaceChars + "\n": pass
                elif c in NumberChars:
                    laststr = c
                    state = 10
                elif c == '"':
                    laststr = ""
                    state = 20
                elif c == "'":
                    laststr = ""
                    state = 25
                elif c in LetterChars + "_":
                    laststr = c
                    state = 30
                elif c in OpeningBrackets:
                    yield COpeningBracket(c, brackets=list(brackets))
                    brackets.append(c)
                elif c in ClosingBrackets:
                    if len(brackets) == 0 or ClosingBrackets[len(OpeningBrackets) - OpeningBrackets.index(brackets[-1]) - 1] != c:
                        stateStruct.error("cpre2 parse: got '" + c + "' but bracket level was " + str(brackets))
                    else:
                        brackets[:] = brackets[:-1]
                        yield CClosingBracket(c, brackets=list(brackets))
                elif c in OpChars:
                    laststr = ""
                    state = 40
                    breakLoop = False
                elif c == ";": yield CSemicolon()
                elif c == "\\": state = 1
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre2 parse: didn't expected char %r in state %i" % (c, state))
            elif state == 1: # escape without context
                if c != "\n":
                    stateStruct.error("cpre2 parse: didn't expected char %r in state %i" % (c, state))
                # Just ignore it in any case.
                state = 0
            elif state == 10: # number (no correct float handling, will be [number, op("."), number])
                if c in NumberChars: laststr += c
                elif c in LetterChars + "_": laststr += c # error handling will be in number parsing, not here
                else:
                    yield CNumber(cpre2_parse_number(stateStruct, laststr), laststr)
                    laststr = ""
                    state = 0
                    breakLoop = False
            elif state == 20: # "str
                if c == '"':
                    yield CStr(laststr)
                    laststr = ""
                    state = 0
                elif c == "\\": state = 21
                else: laststr += c
            elif state == 21: # escape in "str
                laststr += simple_escape_char(c)
                state = 20
            elif state == 25: # 'str
                if c == "'":
                    if len(laststr) > 1 and laststr[0] == '\0':  # hacky check for '\0abc'-like strings.
                        yield CChar(int(laststr[1:], 8))
                    else:
                        yield CChar(laststr)
                    laststr = ""
                    state = 0
                elif c == "\\": state = 26
                else: laststr += c
            elif state == 26: # escape in 'str
                laststr += simple_escape_char(c)
                state = 25
            elif state == 30: # identifier
                if c in NumberChars + LetterChars + "_": laststr += c
                else:
                    if laststr in stateStruct.macros and laststr not in input.macro_blacklist:
                        macroname = laststr
                        macroargs = []
                        state = 31
                        if stateStruct.macros[macroname].args is None:
                            state = 32 # finalize macro directly. there can't be any args
                        breakLoop = False
                        laststr = ""
                    else:
                        if laststr == "__FILE__":
                            yield CStr(stateStruct.curFile())
                        elif laststr == "__LINE__":
                            yield CNumber(stateStruct.curLine())
                        else:
                            yield CIdentifier(laststr)
                        laststr = ""
                        state = 0
                        breakLoop = False
            elif state == 31: # after macro identifier
                if c in SpaceChars + "\n": pass
                elif c in OpeningBrackets:
                    if c != "(":
                        state = 32
                        breakLoop = False
                    else:
                        macroargs = _cpre2_parse_args(stateStruct, input, brackets=brackets + [c])
                        state = 32
                        # break loop, we consumed this char
                else:
                    state = 32
                    breakLoop = False
            elif state == 32: # finalize macro
                try:
                    resolved = stateStruct.macros[macroname].eval(stateStruct, macroargs)
                except Exception as e:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre2 parse unfold macro " + macroname + " error: " + repr(e))
                    resolved = ""
                input.add_macro(macroname, resolved, c)
                state = 0
            elif state == 40: # op
                if c in OpChars:
                    if laststr != "" and laststr + c not in LongOps:
                        yield COp(laststr)
                        laststr = ""
                    laststr += c
                else:
                    yield COp(laststr)
                    laststr = ""
                    state = 0
                    breakLoop = False
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre2 parse: internal error. didn't expected state " + str(state))
        input.finalize_char(laststr)

def cpre2_tokenstream_asCCode(input):
    needspace = False
    wantnewline = False
    indentLevel = ""
    needindent = False

    for token in input:
        if wantnewline:
            if isinstance(token, CSemicolon): pass
            else:
                yield "\n"
                needindent = True
            wantnewline = False
            needspace = False
        elif needspace:
            if isinstance(token, CSemicolon): pass
            elif token == COpeningBracket("("): pass
            elif token == CClosingBracket(")"): pass
            elif token == COpeningBracket("["): pass
            elif token == CClosingBracket("]"): pass
            elif token in [COp("++"), COp("--"), COp(",")]: pass
            else:
                yield " "
            needspace = False

        if token == CClosingBracket("}"): indentLevel = indentLevel[:-1]
        if needindent:
            yield indentLevel
            needindent = False

        yield token.asCCode()

        if token == COpeningBracket("{"): indentLevel += "\t"

        if token == CSemicolon(): wantnewline = True
        elif token == COpeningBracket("{"): wantnewline = True
        elif token == CClosingBracket("}"): wantnewline = True
        elif isinstance(token, COpeningBracket): pass
        elif isinstance(token, CClosingBracket): pass
        else: needspace = True


class CBody(object):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        self.parent = parent
        self._bracketlevel = []
        self.typedefs = {}
        self.structs = {}
        self.unions = {}
        self.enums = {}
        self.funcs = {}
        self.vars = {}
        self.enumconsts = {}
        self.contentlist = []
    def __str__(self): return "CBody %s" % self.contentlist
    def __repr__(self): return "<%s>" % self
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        s = indent + "{\n"
        for c in self.contentlist:
            s += asCCode(c, indent + "\t", fullDecl=True) + ";\n"
        s += indent + "}"
        return s

class CEnumBody(CBody):
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        s = indent + "{\n"
        for c in self.contentlist:
            s += asCCode(c, indent + "\t") + ",\n"
        s += indent + "}"
        return s

def findIdentifierInBody(body, name):
    if name in body.enumconsts:
        return body.enumconsts[name]
    if body.parent is not None:
        return findIdentifierInBody(body.parent, name)
    return None

def make_type_from_typetokens(stateStruct, curCObj, type_tokens):
    if not type_tokens:
        return None
    if len(type_tokens) == 1 and isinstance(type_tokens[0], _CBaseWithOptBody):
        t = type_tokens[0]
    elif tuple(type_tokens) in stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes:
        t = CBuiltinType(tuple(type_tokens))
    elif len(type_tokens) > 1 and type_tokens[-1] == "*":
        t = CPointerType(make_type_from_typetokens(stateStruct, curCObj, type_tokens[:-1]))
    elif len(type_tokens) == 1:
        assert isinstance(type_tokens[0], (str, unicode))
        t = findObjInNamespace(stateStruct, curCObj, type_tokens[0])
        if not isType(t):
            stateStruct.error("type token is not a type: %s" % t)
            t = None
    elif type_tokens == [".", ".", "."]:
        t = CVariadicArgsType()
    else:
        stateStruct.error("type tokens not handled: %s" % type_tokens)
        t = None
    return t

def asCCode(stmnt, indent="", fullDecl=False):
    if not fullDecl:
        if isinstance(stmnt, CFunc): return indent + stmnt.name
        if isinstance(stmnt, CStruct): return indent + "struct " + stmnt.name
        if isinstance(stmnt, CUnion): return indent + "union " + stmnt.name
        if isinstance(stmnt, CEnum): return indent + "enum " + stmnt.name
    if hasattr(stmnt, "asCCode"):
        return stmnt.asCCode(indent)
    assert False, "don't know how to handle " + str(stmnt)

class _CBaseWithOptBody(object):
    NameIsRelevant = True
    AutoAddToContent = True
    AlwaysNonZero = False
    StrOutAttribList = [
        ("args", bool, None, str),
            ("arrayargs", bool, None, str),
            ("body", None, None, lambda x: "<...>"),
            ("value", None, None, str),
            ("defPos", None, "@", str),
    ]

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        self._type_tokens = []
        self._bracketlevel = None
        self._finalized = False
        self.defPos = None
        self.type = None
        self.attribs = []
        self.name = None
        self.args = []
        self.arrayargs = []
        self.body = None
        self.value = None
        self.parent = None
        for k,v in kwargs.items():
            setattr(self, k, v)

    @classmethod
    def overtake(cls, obj):
        obj.__class__ = cls
        # no cls.__init__ because it would overwrite all our attribs!

    def isDerived(self):
        return self.__class__ != _CBaseWithOptBody

    def __str__(self):
        if self.NameIsRelevant:
            name = ("'" + self.name + "' ") if self.name else "<noname> "
        else:
            name = ("name: '" + self.name + "' ") if self.name else ""
        t = self.type or self._type_tokens
        l = []
        if self.attribs: l += [("attribs", self.attribs)]
        if t: l += [("type", t)]
        for attrName,addCheck,displayName,displayFunc in self.StrOutAttribList:
            a = getattr(self, attrName)
            if addCheck is None: addCheck = lambda x: x is not None
            if addCheck(a):
                if displayName is None: displayName = attrName
                l += [(displayName, displayFunc(a))]
        return \
            self.__class__.__name__ + " " + \
            name + \
            ", ".join(map((lambda a: a[0] + ": " + str(a[1])), l))

    def __repr__(self): return "<" + str(self) + ">"

    def __nonzero__(self):
        return \
            self.AlwaysNonZero or \
            bool(self._type_tokens) or \
            bool(self.type) or \
            bool(self.name) or \
            bool(self.args) or \
            bool(self.arrayargs) or \
            bool(self.body)

    def finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent = None):
        if self._finalized:
            stateStruct.error("internal error: " + str(self) + " finalized twice")
            return
        self._finalized = True
        if self.defPos is None:
            self.defPos = stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
        if not self: return

        if addToContent is None: addToContent = self.AutoAddToContent

        #print "finalize", self, "at", stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
        if addToContent and self.parent is not None and self.parent.body and hasattr(self.parent.body, "contentlist"):
            self.parent.body.contentlist.append(self)

    def addToBody(self, obj):
        if self.body is None:
            self.body = obj
        else:
            assert isinstance(self.body, CBody)
            self.body.contentlist.append(obj)

    def _copy(self, value, parent=None, name=None, leave_out_attribs=()):
        if isinstance(value, (int, long, float, str, unicode)) or value is None:
            return value
        elif isinstance(value, list):
            return [self._copy(v, parent=parent) for v in value]
        elif isinstance(value, tuple):
            return tuple([self._copy(v, parent=parent) for v in value])
        elif isinstance(value, dict):
            return {k: self._copy(v, parent=parent) for (k, v) in value.items()}
        elif isinstance(value, (_CBase, _CBaseWithOptBody, CType, CBody)):
            new = value.__class__.__new__(value.__class__)
            for k, v in vars(value).items():
                if k in leave_out_attribs:
                    continue
                if k == "parent":
                    new.parent = parent
                else:
                    setattr(new, k, self._copy(v, parent=new, name=k))
            return new
        else:
            assert False, "dont know how to handle %r %r (%s)" % (name, value, value.__class__)

    def copy(self, leave_out_attribs=("body",)):
        return self._copy(self, parent=self.parent, leave_out_attribs=leave_out_attribs)

    def depth(self):
        if self.parent is None: return 1
        return self.parent.depth() + 1

    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        raise Exception(str(self) + " cannot be converted to a C type")

    def findAttrib(self, stateStruct, attrib):
        if self.body is None:
            # it probably is the pre-declaration. but we might find the real-one
            if isinstance(self, CStruct): D = "structs"
            elif isinstance(self, CUnion): D = "unions"
            elif isinstance(self, CEnum): D = "enums"
            self = getattr(stateStruct, D).get(self.name, self)
        if self.body is None: return None
        for c in self.body.contentlist:
            if not isinstance(c, CVarDecl): continue
            if c.name == attrib: return c
        return None

    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        raise NotImplementedError(str(self) + " asCCode not implemented")

class CTypedef(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    def finalize(self, stateStruct):
        if self._finalized:
            stateStruct.error("internal error: " + str(self) + " finalized twice")
            return

        self.type = make_type_from_typetokens(stateStruct, self, self._type_tokens)
        _CBaseWithOptBody.finalize(self, stateStruct)

        if self.type is None:
            stateStruct.error("finalize typedef " + str(self) + ": type is unknown")
            return
        if self.name is None:
            stateStruct.error("finalize typedef " + str(self) + ": name is unset")
            return

        self.parent.body.typedefs[self.name] = self
    def getCType(self, stateStruct): return getCType(self.type, stateStruct)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + "typedef\n" + asCCode(self.type, indent, fullDecl=True) + " " + self.name

def resolveTypedef(t):
    while isinstance(t, CTypedef):
        t = t.type
    return t


class CFuncPointerBase(object): pass
class CFuncPointerDecl(_CBaseWithOptBody, CFuncPointerBase):
    def finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent=None):
        if self._finalized:
            stateStruct.error("internal error: " + str(self) + " finalized twice")
            return

        if not self.type:
            self.type = make_type_from_typetokens(stateStruct, self, self._type_tokens)
        _CBaseWithOptBody.finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent)

        if self.type is None:
            stateStruct.error("finalize " + str(self) + ": type is unknown")
        # Name can be unset. It depends where this is declared.
    def getCType(self, stateStruct, workaroundPtrReturn=True, wrap=True):
        if workaroundPtrReturn and isinstance(self.type, CPointerType):
            # https://bugs.python.org/issue5710
            restype = ctypes.c_void_p
        else:
            restype = getCType(self.type, stateStruct)
        if wrap: restype = wrapCTypeClassIfNeeded(restype)
        argtypes = map(lambda a: getCType(a, stateStruct), self.args)
        if wrap: argtypes = map(wrapCTypeClassIfNeeded, argtypes)
        return ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + asCCode(self.type) + "(*" + self.name + ") (" + ", ".join(map(asCCode, self.args)) + ")"


def _addToParent(obj, stateStruct, dictName=None, listName=None, allowPredec=True):
    assert dictName or listName
    assert hasattr(obj.parent, "body")
    d = getattr(obj.parent.body, dictName or listName)
    if dictName:
        if obj.name is None:
            # might be part of a typedef, so don't error
            return

        if obj.name in d:
            if allowPredec and d[obj.name].body is None:
                # If the body is empty, it was a pre-declaration and it is ok to overwrite it now.
                d[obj.name] = obj
            elif "extern" in d[obj.name].attribs:
                # Otherwise, if we explicitely use the "extern" attribute, it's also ok.
                d[obj.name] = obj
            else:
                # Otherwise however, it is an error.
                stateStruct.error("finalize " + str(obj) + ": a previous equally named declaration exists: " + str(d[obj.name]))
        else:
            d[obj.name] = obj
    else:
        assert listName is not None
        d.append(obj)


def _finalizeBasicType(obj, stateStruct, dictName=None, listName=None, addToContent=None, allowPredec=True):
    if obj._finalized:
        stateStruct.error("internal error: " + str(obj) + " finalized twice")
        return

    if addToContent is None:
        addToContent = obj.name is not None

    if obj.type is None:
        obj.type = make_type_from_typetokens(stateStruct, obj, obj._type_tokens)
    _CBaseWithOptBody.finalize(obj, stateStruct, addToContent=addToContent)

    if addToContent and hasattr(obj.parent, "body") and not getattr(obj, "_already_added", False):
        _addToParent(obj=obj, stateStruct=stateStruct, dictName=dictName, listName=listName, allowPredec=allowPredec)


class CFunc(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    finalize = lambda *args, **kwargs: _finalizeBasicType(*args, dictName="funcs", **kwargs)
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        restype = getCType(self.type, stateStruct)
        argtypes = map(lambda a: getCType(a, stateStruct), self.args)
        return ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        s = indent + asCCode(self.type) + " " + self.name + "(" + ", ".join(map(asCCode, self.args)) + ")"
        if self.body is None: return s
        s += "\n"
        s += asCCode(self.body, indent)
        return s

class CVarDecl(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    finalize = lambda *args, **kwargs: _finalizeBasicType(*args, dictName="vars", allowPredec=False, **kwargs)
    def clearDeclForNextVar(self):
        if hasattr(self, "bitsize"): delattr(self, "bitsize")
        while self._type_tokens and self._type_tokens[-1] in ("*",):
            self._type_tokens.pop()
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        s = indent + asCCode(self.type) + " " + self.name
        if self.body is None: return s
        s += " = "
        s += asCCode(self.body)
        return s

def needWrapCTypeClass(t):
    if t is None: return False
    return t.__base__ is _ctypes._SimpleCData

def wrapCTypeClassIfNeeded(t):
    if needWrapCTypeClass(t): return wrapCTypeClass(t)
    else: return t

_wrapCTypeClassCache = {}

def wrapCTypeClass(t):
    if id(t) in _wrapCTypeClassCache: return _wrapCTypeClassCache[id(t)]
    class WrappedType(t): pass
    WrappedType.__name__ = "wrapCTypeClass_%s" % t.__name__
    _wrapCTypeClassCache[id(t)] = WrappedType
    return WrappedType

class CTypeConstructionException(Exception): pass
class RecursiveStructConstruction(CTypeConstructionException): pass

def _getCTypeStruct(baseClass, obj, stateStruct):

    def _construct(obj):
        fields = []
        for c in obj.body.contentlist:
            if not isinstance(c, CVarDecl): continue
            try:
                obj._construct_struct_attrib = c.type
                t = getCType(c.type, stateStruct)
            finally:
                obj._construct_struct_attrib = None
            if c.arrayargs:
                if len(c.arrayargs) != 1: raise Exception(str(c) + " has too many array args")
                n = c.arrayargs[0].value
                t = t * n
            elif stateStruct.IndirectSimpleCTypes:
                # See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6800827/python-ctypes-structure-how-to-access-attributes-as-if-they-were-ctypes-and-not/6801253#6801253
                t = wrapCTypeClassIfNeeded(t)
            if hasattr(c, "bitsize"):
                fields += [(str(c.name), t, c.bitsize)]
            else:
                fields += [(str(c.name), t)]
        if obj._ctype_is_constructing:
            obj._ctype._fields_ = fields
            obj._ctype_is_constructing = False

    def construct(obj):
        try:
            stateStruct._construct_struct_type_stack += [obj]
            _construct(obj)
        finally:
            stateStruct._construct_struct_type_stack.pop()

    if getattr(obj, "_ctype_is_constructing", None):
        # If the parent referred to us as a pointer, it's fine,
        # we can return our incomplete type.
        if isPointerType(
            stateStruct._construct_struct_type_stack[-1]._construct_struct_attrib,
            alsoFuncPtr=True, alsoArray=False):
            return obj._ctype
        # Otherwise, try to construct it now.
        if obj._ctype_construct_need_now:
            raise RecursiveStructConstruction("Recursive construction of type %s" % obj)
        obj._ctype_construct_need_now = True
        construct(obj)
        return obj._ctype

    if hasattr(obj, "_ctype"): return obj._ctype
    if not hasattr(obj, "body"): raise CTypeConstructionException("%s must have the body attrib" % obj)
    if obj.body is None: raise CTypeConstructionException("%s.body must not be None. maybe it was only forward-declarated?" % obj)

    class ctype(baseClass): pass
    ctype.__name__ = str(obj.name or "<anonymous-struct>")
    ctype._py = obj
    obj._ctype = ctype
    obj._ctype_is_constructing = True
    obj._ctype_construct_need_now = False
    construct(obj)
    return ctype

class CStruct(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    finalize = lambda *args, **kwargs: _finalizeBasicType(*args, dictName="structs", **kwargs)
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        return _getCTypeStruct(ctypes.Structure, self, stateStruct)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        s = indent + "struct " + self.name
        if self.body is None: return s
        return s + "\n" + asCCode(self.body, indent)

class CUnion(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    finalize = lambda *args, **kwargs: _finalizeBasicType(*args, dictName="unions", **kwargs)
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        return _getCTypeStruct(ctypes.Union, self, stateStruct)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        s = indent + "union " + self.name
        if self.body is None: return s
        return s + "\n" + asCCode(self.body, indent)

def minCIntTypeForNums(a, b=None, minBits=32, maxBits=64, useUnsignedTypes=True):
    if b is None: b = a
    bits = minBits
    while bits <= maxBits:
        if useUnsignedTypes and a >= 0 and b < (1<<bits): return "uint" + str(bits) + "_t"
        elif a >= -(1<<(bits-1)) and b < (1<<(bits-1)): return "int" + str(bits) + "_t"
        bits *= 2
    return None

class CEnum(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    finalize = lambda *args, **kwargs: _finalizeBasicType(*args, dictName="enums", **kwargs)
    def getNumRange(self):
        a,b = 0,0
        for c in self.body.contentlist:
            assert isinstance(c, CEnumConst)
            if c.value < a: a = c.value
            if c.value > b: b = c.value
        return a,b
    def getMinCIntType(self):
        a,b = self.getNumRange()
        t = minCIntTypeForNums(a, b)
        return t
    def getEnumConst(self, value):
        for c in self.body.contentlist:
            if not isinstance(c, CEnumConst): continue
            if c.value == value: return c
        return None
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        t = self.getMinCIntType()
        if t is None:
            raise Exception(str(self) + " has a too high number range")
        t = stateStruct.StdIntTypes[t]
        return t
        # class EnumType(t):
        # 	_typeStruct = self
        # 	def __repr__(self):
        # 		v = self._typeStruct.getEnumConst(self.value)
        # 		if v is None: v = self.value
        # 		return "<EnumType " + str(v) + ">"
        # 	def __cmp__(self, other):
        # 		return cmp(self.value, other)
        # for c in self.body.contentlist:
        # 	if not c.name: continue
        # 	if hasattr(EnumType, c.name): continue
        # 	setattr(EnumType, c.name, c.value)
        # return EnumType
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        s = indent + "enum " + self.name
        if self.body is None: return s
        return s + "\n" + asCCode(self.body, indent)

class CEnumConst(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    def finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent=None):
        if self._finalized:
            stateStruct.error("internal error: " + str(self) + " finalized twice")
            return

        if self.value is None:
            if self.parent.body.contentlist:
                last = self.parent.body.contentlist[-1]
                if isinstance(last.value, (str,unicode)):
                    self.value = unichr(ord(last.value) + 1)
                else:
                    self.value = last.value + 1
            else:
                self.value = 0

        _CBaseWithOptBody.finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent)

        if self.name:
            # self.parent.parent is the parent of the enum
            self.parent.parent.body.enumconsts[self.name] = self
    def getConstValue(self, stateStruct):
        return self.value
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + self.name + " = " + str(self.value)

class CFuncArgDecl(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    AutoAddToContent = False
    def finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent=False):
        if self._finalized:
            stateStruct.error("internal error: " + str(self) + " finalized twice")
            return

        if not self.type:
            self.type = make_type_from_typetokens(stateStruct, self, self._type_tokens)
        _CBaseWithOptBody.finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent=False)

        if self.type != CBuiltinType(("void",)):
            self.parent.args += [self]
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        return getCType(self.type, stateStruct)
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        s = indent + asCCode(self.type)
        if self.name: s += " " + self.name
        return s

def _isBracketLevelOk(parentLevel, curLevel):
    if parentLevel is None: parentLevel = []
    if len(parentLevel) > len(curLevel): return False
    return curLevel[:len(parentLevel)] == parentLevel

def _body_parent_chain(stateStruct, parentCObj):
    yieldedStateStruct = False

    for cobj in _obj_parent_chain(stateStruct, parentCObj):
        body = cobj.body
        if isinstance(body, CBody):
            yieldedStateStruct |= body is stateStruct
            yield body

    if not yieldedStateStruct: yield stateStruct

def _obj_parent_chain(stateStruct, parentCObj):
    while parentCObj is not None:
        yield parentCObj
        parentCObj = parentCObj.parent

def getObjInBody(body, name):
    """
    :type body: CBody | State
    :type name: str
    :return: object, statement or type
    """
    if name in body.funcs:
        return body.funcs[name]
    elif name in body.typedefs:
        return body.typedefs[name]
    elif name in body.vars:
        return body.vars[name]
    elif name in body.enumconsts:
        return body.enumconsts[name]
    elif (name,) in getattr(body, "CBuiltinTypes", {}):
        return CBuiltinType((name,))
    elif name in getattr(body, "StdIntTypes", {}):
        return CStdIntType(name)
    return None

def findObjInNamespace(stateStruct, curCObj, name):
    for cobj in _obj_parent_chain(stateStruct, curCObj):
        if isinstance(cobj.body, (CBody,State)):
            obj = getObjInBody(cobj.body, name)
            if obj is not None: return obj
        if isinstance(cobj, CFunc):
            for arg in cobj.args:
                assert isinstance(arg, CFuncArgDecl)
                if arg.name is not None and arg.name == name:
                    return arg
            if cobj.name == name:
                return cobj
    return None

def findCObjTypeInNamespace(stateStruct, curCObj, DictName, name):
    for body in _body_parent_chain(stateStruct, curCObj):
        d = getattr(body, DictName)
        if name in d: return d[name]
    return None

class _CStatementCall(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    AutoAddToContent = False
    base = None
    def __nonzero__(self): return self.base is not None
    def __str__(self):
        s = self.__class__.__name__ + " " + repr(self.base)
        if self.name:
            s += " name: " + self.name
        else:
            s += " args: " + str(self.args)
        return s

class CFuncCall(_CStatementCall): # base(args) or (base)args; i.e. can also be a simple cast
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + asCCode(self.base) + "(" + ", ".join(map(asCCode, self.args)) + ")"
class CArrayIndexRef(_CStatementCall): # base[args]
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + asCCode(self.base) + "[" + ", ".join(map(asCCode, self.args)) + "]"
class CAttribAccessRef(_CStatementCall): # base.name
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + asCCode(self.base) + "." + self.name
class CPtrAccessRef(_CStatementCall): # base->name
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + asCCode(self.base) + "->" + self.name

def _create_cast_call(stateStruct, parent, base, token):
    funcCall = CFuncCall(parent=parent)
    funcCall.base = base
    arg = CStatement(parent=funcCall)
    funcCall.args = [arg]
    arg._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
    funcCall.finalize(stateStruct)
    return funcCall

def opsDoLeftToRight(stateStruct, op1, op2):
    try: opprec1 = OpPrecedences[op1]
    except KeyError:
        stateStruct.error("internal error: statement parsing: op1 " + repr(op1) + " unknown")
        opprec1 = 100
    try: opprec2 = OpPrecedences[op2]
    except KeyError:
        stateStruct.error("internal error: statement parsing: op2 " + repr(op2) + " unknown")
        opprec2 = 100

    if opprec1 < opprec2:
        return True
    elif opprec1 > opprec2:
        return False
    if op1 in OpsRightToLeft:
        return False
    return True

def getConstValue(stateStruct, obj):
    """
    Evaluates the obj, in case it is a expression which can be evaluated at compile time.
    """
    if hasattr(obj, "getConstValue"): return obj.getConstValue(stateStruct)
    if isinstance(obj, (CNumber,CStr,CChar)):
        return obj.content
    if isinstance(obj, CFuncCall):  # maybe a cast
        t = obj.base
        while isinstance(t, CTypedef):
            t = t.type
        if isinstance(t, (CBuiltinType, CStdIntType)):  # only number types
            assert len(obj.args) == 1
            v = getConstValue(stateStruct, obj.args[0])
            if v is None: return None  # cannot handle anyway
            ctype = getCType(t, stateStruct)
            if isIntType(obj.base): v = int(v)
            if v: cv = ctype(v)
            else: cv = ctype()
            return cv.value
    return None

def getValueType(stateStruct, obj):
    if hasattr(obj, "getValueType"): return obj.getValueType(stateStruct)
    if isinstance(obj, CVarDecl):
        return obj.type
    if isinstance(obj, CFuncArgDecl):
        return obj.type
    if isinstance(obj, CAttribAccessRef):
        base_type = getValueType(stateStruct, obj.base)
        while isinstance(base_type, CTypedef):
            base_type = base_type.type
        assert isinstance(base_type, (CStruct,CUnion))
        return base_type.body.vars[obj.name].type
    if isinstance(obj, CPtrAccessRef):
        pbase_type = getValueType(stateStruct, obj.base)
        while isinstance(pbase_type, CTypedef):
            pbase_type = pbase_type.type
        assert isinstance(pbase_type, CPointerType)
        base_type = pbase_type.pointerOf
        while isinstance(base_type, CTypedef):
            base_type = base_type.type
        assert isinstance(base_type, (CStruct,CUnion))
        if base_type.body is None:
            if isinstance(base_type, CStruct):
                base_type = stateStruct.structs[base_type.name]
            elif isinstance(base_type, CUnion):
                base_type = stateStruct.unions[base_type.name]
            assert base_type.body is not None
        return base_type.body.vars[obj.name].type
    if isinstance(obj, CArrayIndexRef):
        t = getValueType(stateStruct, obj.base)
        while isinstance(t, CTypedef):
            t = t.type
        if isinstance(t, CArrayType):
            return t.arrayOf
        elif isinstance(t, CPointerType):
            return t.pointerOf
        assert False, "unknown attrib base type %r of obj %r" % (t, obj)
    if isinstance(obj, CFuncCall):
        if isinstance(obj.base, CWrapValue):
            return obj.base.getReturnType(stateStruct, obj.args)
        # Check for cast-like calls.
        if isinstance(obj.base, (CTypedef, CType)):
            return obj.base
        base_type = getValueType(stateStruct, obj.base)
        while isinstance(base_type, CTypedef):
            base_type = base_type.type
        assert isinstance(base_type, (CFuncPointerDecl,CFunc))
        return base_type.type  # return-type
    if isinstance(obj, CFunc):
        return obj
    if isinstance(obj, CSizeofSymbol):
        return CFunc(type=CStdIntType("size_t"))
    if isinstance(obj, CStr):
        return CArrayType(arrayOf=CBuiltinType(("char",)), arrayLen=CNumber(len(obj.content) + 1))
    if isinstance(obj, CChar):
        return CBuiltinType(("char",))
    if isinstance(obj, CNumber):
        # TODO handle typeSpec
        if isinstance(obj.content, float):
            return CBuiltinType(("double",))
        t = minCIntTypeForNums(obj.content, minBits=32, maxBits=64, useUnsignedTypes=True)
        assert t, "no int type for %r" % obj
        return CStdIntType(t)
    if isinstance(obj, CEnumConst):
        enumType = obj.parent
        assert isinstance(enumType, CEnum)
        return enumType
    assert False, "no type for %r" % obj

def getCommonValueType(stateStruct, t1, t2):
    while isinstance(t1, CTypedef):
        t1 = t1.type
    while isinstance(t2, CTypedef):
        t2 = t2.type
    if isclass(t1) and issubclass(t1, ctypes._SimpleCData):
        t1 = getBuiltinTypeForCType(stateStruct, t1)
    if isclass(t2) and issubclass(t2, ctypes._SimpleCData):
        t2 = getBuiltinTypeForCType(stateStruct, t2)
    if t1 in (ctypes.c_void_p, CPointerType(CVoidType()), CPointerType(CBuiltinType(("void",)))):
        t1 = CBuiltinType(("void","*"))
    if t2 in (ctypes.c_void_p, CPointerType(CVoidType()), CPointerType(CBuiltinType(("void",)))):
        t2 = CBuiltinType(("void","*"))
    if t1 == CBuiltinType(("void","*")):
        if t2 == CBuiltinType(("void","*")):
            return t1
        if isinstance(t2, (CPointerType, CFuncPointerBase)):
            return t2
        if isinstance(t2, CArrayType):
            return CPointerType(t2.arrayOf)
        assert isinstance(t2, (CBuiltinType, CStdIntType))
        return t1
    if t2 == CBuiltinType(("void","*")):
        return getCommonValueType(stateStruct, t2, t1)
    if isinstance(t1, CPointerType):
        if isinstance(t2, CPointerType):
            assert isSameType(stateStruct, t1.pointerOf, t2.pointerOf)
            return t1
        if isinstance(t2, CArrayType):
            assert isSameType(stateStruct, t1.pointerOf, t2.arrayOf)
            return t1
        assert isinstance(t2, (CBuiltinType, CStdIntType))
        return t1
    if isinstance(t2, CPointerType):
        return getCommonValueType(stateStruct, t2, t1)
    if isinstance(t1, CArrayType) or isinstance(t2, CArrayType):
        if isinstance(t1, CArrayType) and isinstance(t2, CArrayType):
            if isSameType(stateStruct, t1, t2): return t1
        if isinstance(t1, CArrayType):
            t1 = CPointerType(t1.arrayOf)
        if isinstance(t2, CArrayType):
            t2 = CPointerType(t2.arrayOf)
        return getCommonValueType(stateStruct, t1, t2)
    if isinstance(t1, CFuncPointerBase):
        return t1  # ...
    if isinstance(t2, CFuncPointerBase):
        return t2  # ...
    # No pointers.
    if isinstance(t1, CBuiltinType) and isinstance(t2, CBuiltinType):
        tup1 = t1.builtinType
        tup2 = t2.builtinType
        if "float" in tup1 or "double" in tup1:
            if "float" in tup2 or "double" in tup2:
                # Select bigger type.
                Ts = [("float",), ("double",), ("long", "double")]
                if Ts.index(tup2) > Ts.index(tup1):
                    return t2
                return t1
            return t1  # Cast int to float.
        if "float" in tup2 or "double" in tup2:
            return t2  # Cast int to float.
        # No floats.
        Is = {("char",): 1, ("short",): 2,
              ("int",): 3, ("signed",): 3, (): 3,
              ("long",): 4, ("long", "long"): 5}
        invI = {1: ("char",), 2: ("short",), 3: ("int",),
                4: ("long",), 5: ("long", "long")}
        unsigned_t1 = "unsigned" in tup1
        unsigned_t2 = "unsigned" in tup2
        if unsigned_t1: assert tup1[0] == "unsigned"
        if unsigned_t2: assert tup2[0] == "unsigned"
        ti1 = Is[tup1[1 if unsigned_t1 else 0:]]
        ti2 = Is[tup2[1 if unsigned_t2 else 0:]]
        st_max = invI[max(ti1, ti2)]
        t_max = (("unsigned",) if (unsigned_t1 or unsigned_t2) else ()) + st_max
        return CBuiltinType(t_max)
    if isinstance(t1, CStdIntType) and isinstance(t2, CStdIntType):
        def base_wrap(name):
            if name == "byte": return "int8_t"
            if name == "wchar_t": return "int16_t"
            return name
        t1_name = base_wrap(t1.name)
        t2_name = base_wrap(t2.name)
        BuiltinWraps = {"size_t": ("unsigned", "long"),
                        "ptrdiff_t": ("long",),
                        "intptr_t": ("long",)}
        if t1_name in BuiltinWraps:
            t1 = CBuiltinType(BuiltinWraps[t1_name])
            return getCommonValueType(stateStruct, t1, t2)
        if t2_name in BuiltinWraps:
            t2 = CBuiltinType(BuiltinWraps[t2_name])
            return getCommonValueType(stateStruct, t1, t2)
        unsigned_t1 = t1_name[:1] == "u"
        unsigned_t2 = t2_name[:1] == "u"
        Is = {"int8_t": 8, "int16_t": 16, "int32_t": 32, "int64_t": 64}
        ti1 = Is[t1_name[1 if unsigned_t1 else 0:]]
        ti2 = Is[t2_name[1 if unsigned_t2 else 0:]]
        st_max = "int%s_t" % max(ti1, ti2)
        t_max = ("u" if (unsigned_t1 or unsigned_t2) else "") + st_max
        return CStdIntType(t_max)
    if isinstance(t1, CBuiltinType) and isinstance(t2, CStdIntType):
        t2 = getBuiltinTypeForStdIntType(stateStruct, t2)
        return getCommonValueType(stateStruct, t1, t2)
    if isinstance(t1, CStdIntType) and isinstance(t2, CBuiltinType):
        t1 = getBuiltinTypeForStdIntType(stateStruct, t1)
        return getCommonValueType(stateStruct, t1, t2)
    # Not a basic type.
    assert isSameType(stateStruct, t1, t2)
    return t1

def getStdIntTypeForCType(stateStruct, c_type):
    """
    Note: This is platform dependent!
    """
    for prefix in ("", "u"):
        for postfix in ("8", "16", "32", "64"):
            k = prefix + "int" + postfix + "_t"
            stdint_c_type = stateStruct.StdIntTypes[k]
            if stdint_c_type == c_type:
                return CStdIntType(k)
    assert False, "unknown type %r" % c_type

def getStdIntTypeForBuiltinType(stateStruct, t):
    """
    Note: This is platform dependent!
    """
    assert isinstance(t, CBuiltinType)
    c_type = stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes[t.builtinType]
    return getStdIntTypeForCType(stateStruct, c_type)

def getBuiltinTypeForCType(stateStruct, c_type):
    """
    Note: This is platform dependent!
    """
    if c_type.__name__.startswith("wrapCTypeClass_"):
        c_type = c_type.__base__
    IntTypes = (("char",), ("short",), ("int",),
                ("long",), ("long", "long"))
    OtherTypes = (("float",), ("double",), ("long", "double"),
                  ("void", "*"))
    for prefix in ((), ("unsigned",)):
        types = IntTypes
        if not prefix: types = types + OtherTypes
        for postfix in types:
            k = prefix + postfix
            builtin_c_type = stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes[k]
            if builtin_c_type == c_type:
                return CBuiltinType(k)
    assert False, "unknown type %r" % c_type

def getBuiltinTypeForStdIntType(stateStruct, t):
    """
    Note: This is platform dependent!
    """
    assert isinstance(t, CStdIntType)
    stdint_c_type = stateStruct.StdIntTypes[t.name]
    return getBuiltinTypeForCType(stateStruct, stdint_c_type)

def isIntType(t):
    while isinstance(t, CTypedef):
        t = t.type
    if isinstance(t, CBuiltinType):
        if "void" in t.builtinType: return False
        if "float" in t.builtinType or "double" in t.builtinType:
            return False
        return True
    if isinstance(t, CStdIntType):
        return True
    return False

class CSizeofSymbol: pass

class CCurlyArrayArgs(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    # args is a list of CStatement
    NameIsRelevant = False
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + "{" + ", ".join(map(asCCode, self.args)) + "}"

class CStatement(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    NameIsRelevant = False
    _leftexpr = None
    _middleexpr = None
    _rightexpr = None
    _op = None
    def __nonzero__(self): return bool(self._leftexpr) or bool(self._rightexpr)
    def __repr__(self):
        s = self.__class__.__name__
        #s += " " + repr(self._tokens) # debug
        if self._leftexpr is not None: s += " " + repr(self._leftexpr)
        if self._op == COp("?:"):
            s += " ? " + repr(self._middleexpr)
            s += " : " + repr(self._rightexpr)
        elif self._op is not None or self._rightexpr is not None:
            s += " "
            s += str(self._op)
            if self._rightexpr is not None:
                s += " "
                s += repr(self._rightexpr)
        if self.defPos is not None: s += " @: " + self.defPos
        return "<" + s + ">"
    __str__ = __repr__
    def _initStatement(self):
        self._state = 0
        self._tokens = []
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        self._initStatement()
        _CBaseWithOptBody.__init__(self, **kwargs)
    @classmethod
    def overtake(cls, obj):
        obj.__class__ = cls
        obj._initStatement()
    def _handlePushedErrorForUnknown(self, stateStruct):
        if isinstance(self._leftexpr, CUnknownType):
            s = getattr(self, "_pushedErrorForUnknown", False)
            if not s:
                stateStruct.error("statement parsing: identifier %r unknown in state %i in handle pushed error" % (self._leftexpr.name, self._state))
                self._pushedErrorForUnknown = True
    def finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent=None):
        self._handlePushedErrorForUnknown(stateStruct)
        _CBaseWithOptBody.finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent)
    def _cpre3_handle_token(self, stateStruct, token):
        """
        :type stateStruct: State
        :type token: iterator
        """
        self._tokens += [token]

        if self._state == 5 and token == COp(":"):
            if self._leftexpr.name:
                CGotoLabel.overtake(self)
                self.name = self._leftexpr.name
                self._type_tokens[:] = []
            else:
                stateStruct.error("statement parsing: got ':' after " + repr(self._leftexpr) + "; looks like a goto-label but has no name")
            self.finalize(stateStruct)
            return

        self._handlePushedErrorForUnknown(stateStruct)
        obj = None
        if self._state == 0:
            if isinstance(token, (CIdentifier,CNumber,CStr,CChar)):
                if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
                    if token.content == "struct":
                        self._state = 1
                        return
                    elif token.content == "union":
                        self._state = 2
                        return
                    elif token.content == "enum":
                        self._state = 3
                        return
                    elif token.content == "sizeof":
                        obj = CSizeofSymbol()
                    elif token.content in stateStruct.Attribs:
                        self.attribs += [token.content]
                        return
                    elif (token.content,) in stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes:
                        obj = CBuiltinType((token.content,))
                    elif token.content in stateStruct.StdIntTypes:
                        obj = CStdIntType(token.content)
                    else:
                        obj = findObjInNamespace(stateStruct, self.parent, token.content)
                        if obj is None:
                            obj = CUnknownType(name=token.content)
                            self._pushedErrorForUnknown = False
                            # we print an error later. it still could be a goto-label.
                else:
                    obj = token
                self._leftexpr = obj
                self._state = 5
            elif isinstance(token, COp):
                # prefix op
                self._op = token
                self._rightexpr = CStatement(parent=self)
                self._state = 8
            else:
                stateStruct.error("statement parsing: didn't expected token " + str(token))
        elif self._state in (1,2,3): # struct,union,enum
            TName = {1:"struct", 2:"union", 3:"enum"}[self._state]
            DictName = TName + "s"
            if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
                obj = findCObjTypeInNamespace(stateStruct, self.parent, DictName, token.content)
                if obj is None:
                    stateStruct.error("statement parsing: " + TName + " '" + token.content + "' unknown")
                    obj = CUnknownType(name=token.content)
                self._leftexpr = obj
                self._state = 5
            else:
                stateStruct.error("statement parsing: didn't expected token " + str(token) + " after " + TName)
        elif self._state == 5: # after expr
            if token == COp("."):
                if isinstance(self._leftexpr, CNumber):
                    self._state = 10
                else:
                    self._state = 20
                    self._leftexpr = CAttribAccessRef(parent=self, base=self._leftexpr)
            elif token == COp("->"):
                self._state = 20
                self._leftexpr = CPtrAccessRef(parent=self, base=self._leftexpr)
            elif isinstance(token, COp):
                if token == COp("*") and isType(self._leftexpr):
                    self._leftexpr = CPointerType(self._leftexpr)
                elif token.content in OpPostfixFuncs:
                    subStatement = CStatement(parent=self)
                    subStatement._leftexpr = self._leftexpr
                    subStatement._op = token
                    self._leftexpr = subStatement
                else:
                    self._op = token
                    self._state = 6
            elif isinstance(self._leftexpr, CStr) and isinstance(token, CStr):
                self._leftexpr = CStr(self._leftexpr.content + token.content)
            else:
                if isinstance(self._leftexpr, CBuiltinType) and self._leftexpr.builtinType + (token.content,) in stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes:
                    self._leftexpr = CBuiltinType(self._leftexpr.builtinType + (token.content,))
                    # stay in same state
                else:
                    self._leftexpr = _create_cast_call(stateStruct, self, self._leftexpr, token)
                    self._state = 40
        elif self._state == 6: # after expr + op
            if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
                if token.content == "sizeof":
                    obj = CSizeofSymbol()
                else:
                    obj = findObjInNamespace(stateStruct, self.parent, token.content)
                    if obj is None:
                        stateStruct.error("statement parsing: identifier %r unknown in state %i" % (token.content, self._state))
                        obj = CUnknownType(name=token.content)
                self._state = 7
            elif isinstance(token, (CNumber,CStr,CChar)):
                obj = token
                self._state = 7
            else:
                obj = CStatement(parent=self)
                obj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token) # maybe a postfix op or whatever
                self._state = 8
            self._rightexpr = obj
        elif self._state == 7: # after expr + op + expr
            if token == COp("."):
                if isinstance(self._rightexpr, CNumber):
                    self._state = 11
                else:
                    self._state = 22
                    self._rightexpr = CAttribAccessRef(parent=self, base=self._rightexpr)
            elif token == COp("->"):
                self._state = 22
                self._rightexpr = CPtrAccessRef(parent=self, base=self._rightexpr)
            elif isinstance(token, COp):
                if token == COp(":"):
                    if self._op != COp("?"):
                        stateStruct.error("internal error: got ':' after " + repr(self) + " with " + repr(self._op))
                        # TODO: any better way to fix/recover? right now, we just assume '?' anyway
                    self._middleexpr = self._rightexpr
                    self._rightexpr = None
                    self._op = COp("?:")
                    self._state = 6
                elif opsDoLeftToRight(stateStruct, self._op.content, token.content):
                    import copy
                    subStatement = copy.copy(self)
                    self._leftexpr = subStatement
                    self._rightexpr = None
                    self._op = token
                    self._state = 6
                else:
                    self._rightexpr = CStatement(parent=self, _leftexpr=self._rightexpr, _state=6)
                    self._rightexpr._op = token
                    self._state = 8
            elif isinstance(self._rightexpr, CStr) and isinstance(token, CStr):
                self._rightexpr = CStr(self._rightexpr.content + token.content)
            else:
                self._rightexpr = _create_cast_call(stateStruct, self, self._rightexpr, token)
                self._state = 45
        elif self._state == 8: # right-to-left chain, pull down
            assert isinstance(self._rightexpr, CStatement)
            self._rightexpr._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            if self._rightexpr._state in (5,7,9):
                self._state = 9
        elif self._state == 9: # right-to-left chain after op + expr
            assert isinstance(self._rightexpr, CStatement)
            if token in (COp("."),COp("->")):
                self._rightexpr._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
                self._state = 8
            elif not isinstance(token, COp):
                self._rightexpr._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            else: # is COp
                if token.content == ":":
                    if self._op == COp("?"):
                        self._middleexpr = self._rightexpr
                        self._rightexpr = None
                        self._op = COp("?:")
                        self._state = 6
                    else:
                        self._rightexpr._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
                        self._state = 8
                elif opsDoLeftToRight(stateStruct, self._op.content, token.content):
                    import copy
                    subStatement = copy.copy(self)
                    self._leftexpr = subStatement
                    self._rightexpr = None
                    self._op = token
                    self._state = 6
                else:
                    self._rightexpr._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
                    self._state = 8
        elif self._state == 10: # after number + "."
            if isinstance(token, CNumber):
                self._leftexpr = CNumber(float("%s.%s" % (self._leftexpr.content, token.content)))
            else:
                stateStruct.error("statement parsing: did not expect %s in state %i" % (token, self._state))
            self._state = 5
        elif self._state == 11: # after expr + op + number + "."
            if isinstance(token, CNumber):
                self._rightexpr = CNumber(float("%s.%s" % (self._rightexpr.content, token.content)))
            else:
                stateStruct.error("statement parsing: did not expect %s in state %i" % (token, self._state))
            self._state = 7
        elif self._state == 20: # after attrib/ptr access
            if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
                assert isinstance(self._leftexpr, (CAttribAccessRef,CPtrAccessRef))
                self._leftexpr.name = token.content
                self._state = 5
            else:
                stateStruct.error("statement parsing: didn't expected token " + str(token) + " after " + str(self._leftexpr) + " in state " + str(self._state))
        elif self._state == 22: # after expr + op + expr with attrib/ptr access
            if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
                assert isinstance(self._rightexpr, (CAttribAccessRef,CPtrAccessRef))
                self._rightexpr.name = token.content
                self._state = 7
            else:
                stateStruct.error("statement parsing: didn't expected token " + str(token) + " after " + str(self._leftexpr) + " in state " + str(self._state))
        elif self._state == 40: # after cast_call((expr) x)
            if self._leftexpr.args[0]._state != 5:  # something is unfinished, like a previous "->"
                self._leftexpr.args[0]._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif token in (COp("."),COp("->")):
                self._leftexpr.args[0]._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            else:
                self._leftexpr.args[0].finalize(stateStruct)
                self._state = 5
                self._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token) # redo handling
        elif self._state == 45: # after expr + op + cast_call((expr) x)
            if self._rightexpr.args[0]._state != 5:  # something is unfinished, like a previous "->"
                self._rightexpr.args[0]._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif token in (COp("."),COp("->")):
                self._rightexpr.args[0]._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            else:
                self._rightexpr.args[0].finalize(stateStruct)
                self._state = 7
                self._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token) # redo handling
        elif self._state in (50,51): # [expr + op + ] (expr)-cast
            if self._state == 50: funcCall = self._leftexpr
            else: funcCall = self._rightexpr
            assert isinstance(funcCall, CFuncCall)
            if not funcCall.args:
                funcCall.args = [CStatement(parent=funcCall)]
            assert len(funcCall.args) == 1
            subStatement = funcCall.args[0]
            if subStatement._state != 0 and isinstance(token, COp) and token not in (COp("."),COp("->")):
                subStatement.finalize(stateStruct, addToContent=False)
                if self._state == 50: self._state = 5
                else: self._state = 7
                self._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            else:
                subStatement._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
        else:
            stateStruct.error("internal error: statement parsing: token " + str(token) + " in invalid state " + str(self._state))

    def _cpre3_parse_brackets(self, stateStruct, openingBracketToken, input_iter):
        self._handlePushedErrorForUnknown(stateStruct)

        if self._state == 0 and openingBracketToken.content == "{": # array args or struct args
            arrayArgs = CCurlyArrayArgs(parent=self)
            self._leftexpr = arrayArgs
            arrayArgs._bracketlevel = list(openingBracketToken.brackets)
            cpre3_parse_statements_in_brackets(stateStruct, arrayArgs, COp(","), arrayArgs.args, input_iter)
            arrayArgs.finalize(stateStruct)
            self._state = 5
            return

        if self._state in (50,51):  # after [expr + op +] (expr)-cast
            if self._state == 50:
                funcCall = self._leftexpr
            else:
                funcCall = self._rightexpr
            assert isinstance(funcCall, CFuncCall)
            if funcCall.args:
                assert len(funcCall.args) == 1
                assert isinstance(funcCall.args[0], CStatement)
                funcCall.args[0]._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, openingBracketToken, input_iter)
            else:
                funcCall._bracketlevel = list(openingBracketToken.brackets)
                subStatement = CStatement(parent=funcCall)
                funcCall.args += [subStatement]
                subStatement._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, openingBracketToken, input_iter)
                if subStatement._state == 50: return  # another cast follows
                funcCall.finalize(stateStruct)
                # Do not directly go to state 5/7. Maybe a "->" follows.
            return

        if self._state in (5,7): # after expr or expr + op + expr
            if self._state == 5:
                ref = self._leftexpr
            else:
                ref = self._rightexpr
            if openingBracketToken.content == "(":
                funcCall = CFuncCall(parent=self)
            elif openingBracketToken.content == "[":
                funcCall = CArrayIndexRef(parent=self)
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 statement parse brackets after expr: didn't expected opening bracket '" + openingBracketToken.content + "'")
                # fallback. handle just like '('
                funcCall = CStatement(parent=self.parent)
            if self._state == 5:
                self._leftexpr = funcCall
            else:
                self._rightexpr = funcCall
            funcCall.base = ref
            funcCall._bracketlevel = list(openingBracketToken.brackets)
            cpre3_parse_statements_in_brackets(stateStruct, funcCall, COp(","), funcCall.args, input_iter)
            funcCall.finalize(stateStruct)
            return

        if self._state in (8,9): # right-to-left chain
            self._rightexpr._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, openingBracketToken, input_iter)
            if self._rightexpr._state == 5:
                self._state = 9
            return

        if self._state in (40,45): # after .. cast_call + expr
            if self._state == 40:
                ref = self._leftexpr
            else:
                ref = self._rightexpr
            assert isinstance(ref, CFuncCall)
            assert len(ref.args) == 1
            ref.args[0]._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, openingBracketToken, input_iter)
            return

        if openingBracketToken.content == "(":
            subStatement = CStatement(parent=self.parent)
        elif openingBracketToken.content == "[":
            subStatement = CArrayStatement(parent=self.parent)
        else:
            # fallback. handle just like '('. we error this below
            subStatement = CStatement(parent=self.parent)

        if self._state == 0:
            self._leftexpr = subStatement
            self._state = 5
        elif self._state == 6: # expr + op
            self._rightexpr = subStatement
            self._state = 7
        else:
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 statement parse brackets: didn't expected opening bracket '" + openingBracketToken.content + "' in state " + str(self._state))

        finalized = False
        for token in input_iter:
            if isinstance(token, COpeningBracket):
                subStatement._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            elif isinstance(token, CClosingBracket):
                if token.brackets == openingBracketToken.brackets:
                    subStatement.finalize(stateStruct, addToContent=False)
                    self._tokens += [subStatement]
                    finalized = True
                    break
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 statement parse brackets: internal error, closing brackets " + str(token.brackets) + " not expected")
            else:
                subStatement._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
        if not finalized:
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 statement parse brackets: incomplete, missing closing bracket '" + openingBracketToken.content + "' at level " + str(openingBracketToken.brackets))
            return
        if openingBracketToken.content == "(" and subStatement.isCType():
            # This is a C-style-cast.
            funcCall = CFuncCall(parent=self)
            funcCall.base = subStatement.asType()
            if self._state == 5:
                self._leftexpr = funcCall
                self._state = 50
            elif self._state == 7:
                self._rightexpr = funcCall
                self._state = 51
            else:
                assert False, self._state

    def getConstValue(self, stateStruct):
        if not self: return None
        if self._leftexpr is None: # prefixed only
            func = OpPrefixFuncs[self._op.content]
            v = getConstValue(stateStruct, self._rightexpr)
            if v is None: return None
            return func(v)
        v1 = getConstValue(stateStruct, self._leftexpr)
        if v1 is None: return None
        if self._op is None or self._rightexpr is None:
            return v1
        v2 = getConstValue(stateStruct, self._rightexpr)
        if v2 is None: return None
        if self._op == COp("?:"):
            assert self._middleexpr is not None
            v15 = getConstValue(stateStruct, self._middleexpr)
            if v15 is None: return None
            return v15 if v1 else v2
        assert self._middleexpr is None
        func = OpBinFuncs[self._op.content]
        return func(v1, v2)

    def getValueType(self, stateStruct):
        if self._leftexpr is None: # prefixed only
            v = getValueType(stateStruct, self._rightexpr)
            assert v
            if self._op.content == "&":
                return CPointerType(v)
            elif self._op.content == "!":  # not-op
                return CBuiltinType(("char",))  # 0 or 1, not sure
            elif self._op.content == "*":
                if isinstance(v, CPointerType):
                    return v.pointerOf
                elif isinstance(v, CArrayType):
                    return v.arrayOf
                else:
                    assert False, "invalid pointer deref type %r" % v
            elif self._op.content in ("+","-","++","--","~"):  # OpPrefixFuncs
                return v
            else:
                assert False, "invalid prefix op %r" % self._op
        v1 = getValueType(stateStruct, self._leftexpr)
        assert v1
        if self._op is None or self._rightexpr is None:
            return v1
        v2 = getValueType(stateStruct, self._rightexpr)
        assert v2
        if self._op == COp("?:"):
            assert self._middleexpr is not None
            v15 = getValueType(stateStruct, self._middleexpr)
            if v15 is None: return None
            return getCommonValueType(stateStruct, v15, v2)
        assert self._middleexpr is None
        # see OpBinFuncs
        if self._op.content == ",":
            return v2
        elif self._op.content in ("==","!=","<","<=",">",">="):
            return CBuiltinType(("char",))  # 0 or 1, not sure
        elif self._op.content in ("&&","||"):
            return CBuiltinType(("char",))  # 0 or 1, not sure
        elif self._op.content in ("<<",">>","<<=",">>="):  # compare
            return v1
        elif self._op.content in ("=","*=","-=","+=","/=","%=","&=","^=","|="):  # assign
            return v1
        elif self._op.content in ("+","-","*","/","&","^","|","%"):
            return getCommonValueType(stateStruct, v1, v2)
        else:
            assert False, "invalid bin op %r" % self._op

    def isCType(self):
        if self._leftexpr is None: return False # all prefixed stuff is not a type
        if self._rightexpr is not None: return False # same thing, prefixed stuff is not a type
        return isType(self._leftexpr)

    def asType(self):
        assert self._leftexpr is not None
        assert self._rightexpr is None
        if isinstance(self._leftexpr, CStatement):
            t = self._leftexpr.asType()
        else:
            t = self._leftexpr
        if self._op is not None:
            if self._op.content in ("*","&"):
                t = CPointerType(t)
            else:
                raise Exception("postfix op " + str(self._op) + " unknown for pointer type " + str(self._leftexpr))
        return t

    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        return getCType(self.asType(), stateStruct)

    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        if self._leftexpr is None: # prefixed only
            return indent + "(" + self._op.content + asCCode(self._rightexpr) + ")"
        if self._op is None or self._rightexpr is None:
            return indent + asCCode(self._leftexpr) # no brackets. we do them outside
        if self._op == COp("?:"):
            return indent + "(" + asCCode(self._leftexpr) + " ? " + asCCode(self._middleexpr) + " : " + asCCode(self._rightexpr) + ")"
        return indent + "(" + asCCode(self._leftexpr) + " " + self._op.content + " " + asCCode(self._rightexpr) + ")"

# only real difference is that this is inside of '[]'
class CArrayStatement(CStatement):
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + "[" + CStatement.asCCode(self) + "]"

def cpre3_parse_struct(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter):
    curCObj.body = CBody(parent=curCObj.parent.body)
    cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)

def cpre3_parse_union(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter):
    curCObj.body = CBody(parent=curCObj.parent.body)
    cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)

def cpre3_parse_funcbody(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter):
    curCObj.body = CBody(parent=curCObj.parent.body)
    cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)

def cpre3_parse_funcpointername(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter):
    bracketLevel = list(curCObj._bracketlevel)
    state = 0
    for token in input_iter:
        if isinstance(token, CClosingBracket):
            if token.brackets == bracketLevel:
                return
            if not _isBracketLevelOk(bracketLevel, token.brackets):
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func pointer name: internal error: bracket level messed up with closing bracket: " + str(token.brackets))

        if state == 0:
            if token == COp("*"):
                state = 1
                CFuncPointerDecl.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj.ptrLevel = 1
            elif isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
                CFunc.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj.name = token.content
                state = 4
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func pointer name: token " + str(token) + " not expected; expected '*'")
        elif state == 1:
            if token == COp("*"):
                curCObj.ptrLevel += 1
            elif isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
                curCObj.name = token.content
                state = 2
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func pointer name: token " + str(token) + " not expected; expected identifier")
        elif state == 2: # after identifier in func ptr
            if token == COpeningBracket("["):
                arrayBaseObj = curCObj.parent
                arrayBaseObj._bracketlevel = list(token.brackets)
                cpre3_parse_arrayargs(stateStruct, arrayBaseObj, input_iter)
                arrayBaseObj._bracketlevel = bracketLevel
            else:
                state = 3
        elif state == 4: # after identifier in func
            # we don't expect anything anymore
            state = 3

        if state == 3:
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func pointer name: token " + str(token) + " not expected; expected ')'")

    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func pointer name: incomplete, missing ')' on level " + str(curCObj._bracketlevel))

def cpre3_parse_enum(stateStruct, parentCObj, input_iter):
    parentCObj.body = CEnumBody(parent=parentCObj.parent.body)
    curCObj = CEnumConst(parent=parentCObj)
    valueStmnt = None
    state = 0

    for token in input_iter:
        if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
            if state == 0:
                curCObj.name = token.content
                state = 1
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse enum: unexpected identifier " + token.content + " after " + str(curCObj) + " in state " + str(state))
        elif token == COp("="):
            if state == 1:
                valueStmnt = CStatement(parent=parentCObj)
                state = 2
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse enum: unexpected op '=' after " + str(curCObj) + " in state " + str(state))
        elif token == COp(","):
            if state in (1,2):
                if state == 2:
                    valueStmnt.finalize(stateStruct, addToContent=False)
                    curCObj.value = valueStmnt.getConstValue(stateStruct)
                curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                curCObj = CEnumConst(parent=parentCObj)
                valueStmnt = None
                state = 0
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse enum: unexpected op ',' after " + str(curCObj) + " in state " + str(state))
        elif isinstance(token, CClosingBracket):
            if token.brackets == parentCObj._bracketlevel:
                if curCObj:
                    if state == 2:
                        valueStmnt.finalize(stateStruct, addToContent=False)
                        curCObj.value = valueStmnt.getConstValue(stateStruct)
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                parentCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                return
            if not _isBracketLevelOk(parentCObj._bracketlevel, token.brackets):
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse enum: internal error: bracket level messed up with closing bracket: " + str(token.brackets))
        elif state == 2:
            if isinstance(token, COpeningBracket):
                valueStmnt._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            else:
                valueStmnt._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
        else:
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse enum: unexpected token " + str(token) + " in state " + str(state))
    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse enum: incomplete, missing '}' on level " + str(parentCObj._bracketlevel))

def _cpre3_parse_skipbracketcontent(stateStruct, bracketlevel, input_iter):
    for token in input_iter:
        if isinstance(token, CClosingBracket):
            if token.brackets == bracketlevel:
                return
            if not _isBracketLevelOk(bracketlevel, token.brackets):
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse skip brackets: internal error: bracket level messed up with closing bracket: " + str(token.brackets))
    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: incomplete, missing closing bracket on level " + str(bracketlevel))

def cpre3_parse_funcargs(stateStruct, parentCObj, input_iter):
    curCObj = CFuncArgDecl(parent=parentCObj)
    typeObj = None
    for token in input_iter:
        if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
            if token.content == "typedef":
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func args: typedef not expected")
            elif token.content in stateStruct.Attribs:
                curCObj.attribs += [token.content]
            elif token.content == "struct":
                typeObj = CStruct()
                curCObj._type_tokens += [typeObj]
            elif token.content == "union":
                typeObj = CUnion()
                curCObj._type_tokens += [typeObj]
            elif token.content == "enum":
                typeObj = CEnum()
                curCObj._type_tokens += [typeObj]
            elif typeObj is not None:
                if typeObj.name is None:
                    typeObj.name = token.content
                    typeObj = None
            elif (token.content,) in stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes:
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
            elif token.content in stateStruct.StdIntTypes:
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
            elif len(curCObj._type_tokens) == 0:
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
            else:
                if curCObj.name is None:
                    curCObj.name = token.content
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func args: second identifier name " + token.content + " for " + str(curCObj))
        elif isinstance(token, COp):
            if token.content == ",":
                curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                curCObj = CFuncArgDecl(parent=parentCObj)
                typeObj = None
            else:
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
        elif isinstance(token, COpeningBracket):
            curCObj._bracketlevel = list(token.brackets)
            if token.content == "(":
                if len(curCObj._type_tokens) == 1 and isinstance(curCObj._type_tokens[0], CFuncPointerDecl):
                    typeObj = curCObj._type_tokens[0]
                    cpre3_parse_funcargs(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                    typeObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                elif curCObj.name is None:
                    typeObj = CFuncPointerDecl(parent=curCObj.parent)
                    typeObj._bracketlevel = curCObj._bracketlevel
                    typeObj._type_tokens[:] = curCObj._type_tokens
                    curCObj._type_tokens[:] = [typeObj]
                    cpre3_parse_funcpointername(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                    curCObj.name = typeObj.name
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func args: got unexpected '(' in " + str(curCObj))
                    _cpre3_parse_skipbracketcontent(stateStruct, curCObj._bracketlevel, input_iter)
            elif token.content == "[":
                cpre3_parse_arrayargs(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func args: unexpected opening bracket '" + token.content + "'")
                _cpre3_parse_skipbracketcontent(stateStruct, curCObj._bracketlevel, input_iter)
        elif isinstance(token, CClosingBracket):
            if token.brackets == parentCObj._bracketlevel:
                if curCObj:
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                return
            if not _isBracketLevelOk(parentCObj._bracketlevel, token.brackets):
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func args: internal error: bracket level messed up with closing bracket: " + str(token.brackets))
            # no error. we already errored on the opening bracket. and the cpre2 parsing ensures the rest
        else:
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func args: unexpected token " + str(token))

    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse func args: incomplete, missing ')' on level " + str(parentCObj._bracketlevel))

def cpre3_parse_arrayargs(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter):
    valueStmnt = CStatement()
    valueStmnt._bracketlevel = curCObj._bracketlevel
    valueStmnt._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, COpeningBracket("[", brackets=curCObj._bracketlevel), input_iter)
    assert isinstance(valueStmnt._leftexpr, CArrayStatement)
    if isinstance(curCObj, (CVarDecl, CFuncArgDecl, CFuncPointerDecl)):
        arrayType = make_type_from_typetokens(stateStruct, curCObj, curCObj._type_tokens)
        arrayLen = valueStmnt._leftexpr
        curCObj.type = CArrayType(arrayOf=arrayType, arrayLen=arrayLen)
    else:
        stateStruct.error("cpre3_parse_arrayargs: unexpected: %r" % curCObj)

def cpre3_parse_typedef(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter):
    state = 0
    typeObj = None

    for token in input_iter:
        if state == 0:
            if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
                if token.content == "typedef":
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse typedef: typedef not expected twice")
                elif token.content in stateStruct.Attribs:
                    curCObj.attribs += [token.content]
                elif token.content == "struct":
                    typeObj = CStruct(parent=curCObj.parent)
                    curCObj._type_tokens += [typeObj]
                elif token.content == "union":
                    typeObj = CUnion(parent=curCObj.parent)
                    curCObj._type_tokens += [typeObj]
                elif token.content == "enum":
                    typeObj = CEnum(parent=curCObj.parent)
                    curCObj._type_tokens += [typeObj]
                elif (token.content,) in stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes:
                    curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
                elif token.content in stateStruct.StdIntTypes:
                    curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
                elif token.content in stateStruct.typedefs:
                    curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
                else:
                    if typeObj is not None and not typeObj._finalized and typeObj.name is None:
                        typeObj.name = token.content
                    elif curCObj._type_tokens:
                        if curCObj.name is None:
                            curCObj.name = token.content
                        else:
                            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse in typedef: got second identifier " + token.content + " after name " + curCObj.name)
                    else:
                        stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse in typedef: got unexpected identifier " + token.content)
            elif token == COp("*"):
                curCObj._type_tokens += ["*"]
            elif isinstance(token, COpeningBracket):
                curCObj._bracketlevel = list(token.brackets)
                if token.content == "(":
                    if len(curCObj._type_tokens) == 0 or not isinstance(curCObj._type_tokens[0], CFuncPointerDecl):
                        typeObj = CFuncPointerDecl(parent=curCObj.parent)
                        typeObj._bracketlevel = curCObj._bracketlevel
                        typeObj._type_tokens[:] = curCObj._type_tokens
                        curCObj._type_tokens[:] = [typeObj]
                        if curCObj.name is None: # eg.: typedef int (*Function)();
                            cpre3_parse_funcpointername(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                            curCObj.name = typeObj.name
                        else: # eg.: typedef int Function();
                            typeObj.name = curCObj.name
                            cpre3_parse_funcargs(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                    else:
                        cpre3_parse_funcargs(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                elif token.content == "[":
                    cpre3_parse_arrayargs(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                elif token.content == "{":
                    if typeObj is not None: # it must not be None. but error handling already below
                        typeObj._bracketlevel = curCObj._bracketlevel
                    if isinstance(typeObj, CStruct):
                        cpre3_parse_struct(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                    elif isinstance(typeObj, CUnion):
                        cpre3_parse_union(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                    elif isinstance(typeObj, CEnum):
                        cpre3_parse_enum(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                    else:
                        stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse in typedef: got unexpected '{' after type " + str(typeObj))
                        state = 11
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse in typedef: got unexpected opening bracket '" + token.content + "' after type " + str(typeObj))
                    state = 11
            elif isinstance(token, CSemicolon):
                if typeObj is not None and not typeObj._finalized:
                    typeObj.finalize(stateStruct, addToContent = typeObj.body is not None)
                curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                return
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse typedef: got unexpected token " + str(token))
        elif state == 11: # unexpected bracket
            # just ignore everything until we get the closing bracket
            if isinstance(token, CClosingBracket):
                if token.brackets == curCObj._bracketlevel:
                    state = 0
                if not _isBracketLevelOk(curCObj._bracketlevel, token.brackets):
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse typedef: internal error: bracket level messed up with closing bracket: " + str(token.brackets))
        else:
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse typedef: internal error. unexpected state " + str(state))
    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse typedef: incomplete, missing ';'")


class CCodeBlock(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    NameIsRelevant = False
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return asCCode(self.body, indent)
class CGotoLabel(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        return indent + self.name + ":"

def _getLastCBody(base):
    last = None
    while True:
        if isinstance(base.body, CBody):
            if not base.body.contentlist: break
            last = base.body.contentlist[-1]
        elif isinstance(base.body, _CControlStructure):
            last = base.body
        else:
            break
        if not isinstance(last, _CControlStructure): break
        if isinstance(last, CIfStatement):
            if last.elsePart is not None:
                base = last.elsePart
            else:
                base = last
        elif isinstance(last, (CForStatement,CWhileStatement)):
            base = last
        else:
            break
    return last

class _CControlStructure(_CBaseWithOptBody):
    NameIsRelevant = False
    StrOutAttribList = [
        ("args", bool, None, str),
            ("body", None, None, lambda x: "<...>"),
            ("defPos", None, "@", str),
    ]
    def asCCode(self, indent=""):
        s = indent + self.Keyword
        if self.args: s += "(" + "; ".join(map(asCCode, self.args)) + ")"
        if self.body: s += "\n" + asCCode(self.body, indent)
        if hasattr(self, "whilePart"): s += "\n" + asCCode(self.whilePart, indent)
        if hasattr(self, "elsePart"): s += "\n" + asCCode(self.elsePart, indent)
        return s
class CForStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "for"
class CDoStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "do"
    StrOutAttribList = [
        ("body", None, None, lambda x: "<...>"),
            ("whilePart", None, None, repr),
            ("defPos", None, "@", str),
    ]
    whilePart = None
class CWhileStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "while"
    def finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent = None):
        if self._finalized:
            stateStruct.error("internal error: " + str(self) + " finalized twice")
            return
        assert self.parent is not None

        if isinstance(self.parent.body, CBody) and self.parent.body.contentlist:
            last = _getLastCBody(self.parent)
            if isinstance(last, CDoStatement) and not last.whilePart:
                if self.body is not None:
                    stateStruct.error("'while' " + str(self) + " as part of 'do' " + str(last) + " has another body")
                last.whilePart = self
                addToContent = False

        _CControlStructure.finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent)
class CContinueStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "continue"
    AlwaysNonZero = True
class CBreakStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "break"
    AlwaysNonZero = True
class CIfStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "if"
    StrOutAttribList = [
        ("args", bool, None, str),
            ("body", None, None, lambda x: "<...>"),
            ("elsePart", None, None, repr),
            ("defPos", None, "@", str),
    ]
    elsePart = None
class CElseStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "else"
    def finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent = False):
        if self._finalized:
            stateStruct.error("internal error: " + str(self) + " finalized twice")
            return
        assert self.parent is not None

        base = self.parent
        lastIf = None
        last = None
        while True:
            if isinstance(base.body, CBody):
                if not base.body.contentlist: break
                last = base.body.contentlist[-1]
            elif isinstance(base.body, CIfStatement):
                last = base.body
            else:
                break
            if not isinstance(last, CIfStatement):
                if isinstance(last, (CForStatement, CWhileStatement)) and isinstance(last.body, CIfStatement):
                    # loop without curly braced body but directly an if
                    last = last.body
                else:
                    break
            assert isinstance(last, CIfStatement)
            if last.elsePart is not None:
                base = last.elsePart
            else:
                lastIf = last
                # if the if-part of the last has a real body (curly braces), we can stop
                if isinstance(lastIf.body, CBody): break
                # otherwise, we might be the else-part of another inner hanging if
                base = lastIf

        if lastIf is not None:
            lastIf.elsePart = self
        else:
            stateStruct.error("'else' " + str(self) + " without 'if', last was " + str(last))
        _CControlStructure.finalize(self, stateStruct, addToContent)
class CSwitchStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "switch"
class CCaseStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "case"
class CCaseDefaultStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "default"
    AlwaysNonZero = True
class CGotoStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "goto"
class CReturnStatement(_CControlStructure):
    Keyword = "return"
    AlwaysNonZero = True

CControlStructures = dict(map(lambda c: (c.Keyword, c), [
    CForStatement,
    CDoStatement,
    CWhileStatement,
    CContinueStatement,
    CBreakStatement,
    CIfStatement,
    CElseStatement,
    CSwitchStatement,
    CCaseStatement,
    CCaseDefaultStatement,
    CGotoStatement,
    CReturnStatement,
]))

def cpre3_parse_statements_in_brackets(stateStruct, parentCObj, sepToken, addToList, input_iter):
    brackets = list(parentCObj._bracketlevel)
    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
    def _make_statement(o):
        assert not o.isDerived()
        CStatement.overtake(o)
        for t in o._type_tokens:
            o._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, CIdentifier(t))
        o._type_tokens = []
    def _finalizeCObj(o):
        if not o.isDerived():
            _make_statement(o)
        o.finalize(stateStruct, addToContent=False)
    for token in input_iter:
        if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
            if isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
                curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement):
                curCObj.body._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif token.content in stateStruct.Attribs:
                curCObj.attribs += [token.content]
            elif token.content == "struct":
                CStruct.overtake(curCObj)
            elif token.content == "union":
                CUnion.overtake(curCObj)
            elif token.content == "enum":
                CEnum.overtake(curCObj)
            elif (token.content,) in stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes:
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
            elif token.content in stateStruct.StdIntTypes:
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
            elif token.content in stateStruct.typedefs:
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
            else:
                if curCObj._finalized:
                    # e.g. like "struct {...} X" and we parse "X"
                    oldObj = curCObj
                    curCObj = CVarDecl(parent=parentCObj)
                    curCObj._type_tokens[:] = [oldObj]

                if curCObj.name is None:
                    curCObj.name = token.content
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse statements in brackets: second identifier name " + token.content + ", first was " + curCObj.name + ", first might be an unknwon type")
                    # fallback recovery, guess vardecl with the first identifier being an unknown type
                    curCObj._type_tokens += [CUnknownType(name=curCObj.name)]
                    curCObj.name = token.content

                if not curCObj.isDerived():
                    if len(curCObj._type_tokens) == 0:
                        curCObj.name = None
                        CStatement.overtake(curCObj)
                        curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
                    else:
                        CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
        elif isinstance(token, COpeningBracket):
            if isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
                curCObj._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            elif isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement):
                curCObj.body._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            elif not curCObj.isDerived():
                _make_statement(curCObj)
                curCObj._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse statements in brackets: " + str(token) + " not expected after " + str(curCObj))
                # fallback
                CStatement.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
        elif isinstance(token, CClosingBracket):
            if token.brackets == brackets:
                break
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse statements in brackets: unexpected closing bracket '" + token.content + "' after " + str(curCObj) + " at bracket level " + str(brackets))
        elif token == sepToken:
            _finalizeCObj(curCObj)
            addToList.append(curCObj)
            curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
        elif isinstance(token, CSemicolon): # if the sepToken is not the semicolon, we don't expect it at all
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse statements in brackets: ';' not expected, separator should be " + str(sepToken))
        elif isinstance(curCObj, CVarDecl) and token == COp("="):
            curCObj.body = CStatement(parent=curCObj)
        else:
            if not curCObj.isDerived():
                _make_statement(curCObj)
            if isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
                curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement):
                curCObj.body._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse statements in brackets: " + str(token) + " not expected after " + str(curCObj))

    # add also the last object
    if isinstance(sepToken, CSemicolon) or curCObj:
        _finalizeCObj(curCObj)
        addToList.append(curCObj)

def cpre3_parse_single_next_statement(stateStruct, parentCObj, input_iter):
    curCObj = None
    for token in input_iter:
        if isinstance(token, COpeningBracket):
            if token.content == "{":
                parentCObj._bracketlevel = list(token.brackets)
                cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, parentCObj, input_iter)
                return
            if curCObj is None:
                curCObj = CStatement(parent=parentCObj)
            if isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
                curCObj._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            elif curCObj is not None and isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement):
                curCObj.body._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, _CControlStructure):
                curCObj._bracketlevel = list(token.brackets)
                if token.content == "(":
                    cpre3_parse_statements_in_brackets(stateStruct, curCObj, sepToken=CSemicolon(), addToList=curCObj.args, input_iter=input_iter)
                    curCObj._bracketlevel = list(parentCObj._bracketlevel)
                    lasttoken = cpre3_parse_single_next_statement(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    parentCObj.addToBody(curCObj)
                    return lasttoken
                elif token.content == "[":
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse single after " + str(curCObj) + ": got unexpected '['")
                    _cpre3_parse_skipbracketcontent(stateStruct, list(token.brackets), input_iter)
                    return
                elif token.content == "{":
                    if curCObj.body is not None:
                        stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse single after " + str(curCObj) + ": got multiple bodies")
                    cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    parentCObj.addToBody(curCObj)
                    return
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse single after " + str(curCObj) + ": got unexpected/unknown opening bracket '" + token.content + "'")
                    _cpre3_parse_skipbracketcontent(stateStruct, list(token.brackets), input_iter)
                    return
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse single: unexpected opening bracket '" + token.content + "' after " + str(curCObj))
        elif isinstance(token, CClosingBracket):
            if token.brackets == parentCObj._bracketlevel:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse single: closed brackets without expected statement")
                return token
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse single: unexpected closing bracket '" + token.content + "' after " + str(curCObj) + " at bracket level " + str(parentCObj._bracketlevel))
        elif isinstance(token, CSemicolon):
            if curCObj and not curCObj.isDerived():
                CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
            if curCObj is not None:
                curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                parentCObj.addToBody(curCObj)
            return token
        elif curCObj is None and isinstance(token, CIdentifier) and token.content in CControlStructures:
            curCObj = CControlStructures[token.content](parent=parentCObj)
            curCObj.defPos = stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
            if isinstance(curCObj, (CElseStatement,CDoStatement)):
                curCObj._bracketlevel = list(parentCObj._bracketlevel)
                lasttoken = cpre3_parse_single_next_statement(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                # We finalize in any way, also for 'do'. We don't do any semantic checks here
                # if there is a correct 'while' following or neither if the 'else' has a previous 'if'.
                curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                parentCObj.addToBody(curCObj)
                return lasttoken
            elif isinstance(curCObj, CReturnStatement):
                curCObj.body = CStatement(parent=curCObj)
        elif isinstance(curCObj, CGotoStatement):
            if curCObj.name is None:
                curCObj.name = token.content
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse single after %s: got second identifier %s" % (curCObj, token))
        elif isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
            curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            if isinstance(curCObj, CGotoLabel):
                if parentCObj.body is None:
                    parentCObj.body = CBody(parent=parentCObj.parent.body)
                parentCObj.addToBody(curCObj)
                curCObj = None
        elif curCObj is not None and isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement):
            curCObj.body._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
        elif isinstance(curCObj, _CControlStructure):
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse after %s: didn't expected identifier %s" % (curCObj, token))
        elif curCObj is None:
            curCObj = CStatement(parent=parentCObj)
            curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
        else:
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse single: got unexpected token %s after %s" % (token, curCObj))
    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse single: runaway")
    return

def cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, parentCObj, input_iter):
    if parentCObj.body is None: parentCObj.body = CBody(parent=parentCObj.parent.body)

    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)

    while True:
        stateStruct._cpre3_atBaseLevel = False
        if parentCObj._bracketlevel is None:
            if not curCObj:
                stateStruct._cpre3_atBaseLevel = True

        try: token = next(input_iter)
        except StopIteration: break

        if isinstance(token, CIdentifier):
            if isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
                curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement):
                curCObj.body._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, CGotoStatement):
                if curCObj.name is None:
                    curCObj.name = token.content
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse after " + str(curCObj) + ": got second identifier '" + token.content + "'")
            elif isinstance(curCObj, CCaseStatement):
                if not curCObj.args or not isinstance(curCObj.args[-1], CStatement):
                    curCObj.args.append(CStatement(parent=parentCObj))
                curCObj.args[-1]._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, _CControlStructure):
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse after " + str(curCObj) + ": didn't expected identifier '" + token.content + "'")
            elif token.content == "typedef":
                CTypedef.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj.defPos = stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
                cpre3_parse_typedef(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
            elif token.content in stateStruct.Attribs:
                curCObj.attribs += [token.content]
            elif token.content == "struct":
                CStruct.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj.defPos = stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
            elif token.content == "union":
                CUnion.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj.defPos = stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
            elif token.content == "enum":
                CEnum.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj.defPos = stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
            elif token.content in CControlStructures:
                if curCObj.isDerived() or curCObj:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: got '" + token.content + "' after " + str(curCObj))
                    # try to finalize and reset
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
                CControlStructures[token.content].overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj.defPos = stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
                if isinstance(curCObj, (CElseStatement,CDoStatement)):
                    curCObj._bracketlevel = list(parentCObj._bracketlevel)
                    lasttoken = cpre3_parse_single_next_statement(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                    # We finalize in any way, also for 'do'. We don't do any semantic checks here
                    # if there is a correct 'while' following or neither if the 'else' has a previous 'if'.
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    if isinstance(lasttoken, CClosingBracket) and lasttoken.brackets == parentCObj._bracketlevel:
                        return
                    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
                elif isinstance(curCObj, CReturnStatement):
                    curCObj.body = CStatement(parent=curCObj)
            elif (token.content,) in stateStruct.CBuiltinTypes:
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
            elif not curCObj._type_tokens and token.content in stateStruct.StdIntTypes:
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
            elif not curCObj._type_tokens and not curCObj.isDerived() \
                and (token.content in stateStruct.vars
                     or token.content in parentCObj.body.vars
                     or (isinstance(parentCObj, CFunc)
                         and token.content in [a.name for a in parentCObj.args])):
                assert curCObj.name is None
                CStatement.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif not curCObj._type_tokens and not curCObj.isDerived() and isType(findObjInNamespace(stateStruct, parentCObj, token.content)):
                curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
            else:
                if curCObj._finalized:
                    # e.g. like "struct {...} X" and we parse "X"
                    oldObj = curCObj
                    curCObj = CVarDecl(parent=parentCObj)
                    curCObj._type_tokens[:] = [oldObj]

                if curCObj.name is None:
                    curCObj.name = token.content
                    DictName = None
                    if isinstance(curCObj, CStruct): DictName = "structs"
                    elif isinstance(curCObj, CUnion): DictName = "unions"
                    elif isinstance(curCObj, CEnum): DictName = "enums"
                    if DictName is not None:
                        typeObj = findCObjTypeInNamespace(stateStruct, parentCObj, DictName, curCObj.name)
                        if typeObj is not None and typeObj.body is not None: # if body is None, we still wait for another decl
                            curCObj = CVarDecl(parent=parentCObj)
                            curCObj._type_tokens += [typeObj]
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: second identifier name " + token.content + ", first was " + curCObj.name + ", first might be an unknwon type")
                    typeObj = CUnknownType(name=curCObj.name)
                    # fallback recovery, guess vardecl with the first identifier being an unknown type
                    curCObj = CVarDecl(parent=parentCObj)
                    curCObj._type_tokens += [typeObj]
                    curCObj.name = token.content

                if not curCObj.isDerived():
                    if len(curCObj._type_tokens) == 0:
                        curCObj.name = None
                        CStatement.overtake(curCObj)
                        curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
                    else:
                        CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
        elif isinstance(token, COp):
            if (not curCObj.isDerived() or isinstance(curCObj, CVarDecl)) and len(curCObj._type_tokens) == 0:
                CStatement.overtake(curCObj)
            if isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
                curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
                if curCObj._finalized: # might have been finalized internally. e.g. in case it was a goto-loop
                    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
            elif isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement) and token.content != ",": # op(,) gets some extra handling. eg for CVarDecl
                curCObj.body._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, CCaseStatement):
                if token.content == ":":
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
                else:
                    if not curCObj.args or not isinstance(curCObj.args[-1], CStatement):
                        curCObj.args.append(CStatement(parent=parentCObj))
                    curCObj.args[-1]._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, CCaseDefaultStatement) and token.content == ":":
                curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, _CControlStructure):
                if isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement): # for example, because of op(,), we might have missed that above
                    curCObj.body._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse after " + str(curCObj) + ": didn't expected op '" + token.content + "'")
            else:
                if token.content == "*":
                    if isinstance(curCObj, (CStruct,CUnion,CEnum)):
                        curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                        oldObj = curCObj
                        curCObj = CVarDecl(parent=parentCObj)
                        curCObj._type_tokens[:] = [oldObj, "*"]
                    else:
                        CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
                        curCObj._type_tokens += [token.content]
                elif token.content == ",":
                    CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
                    oldObj = curCObj
                    curCObj = curCObj.copy()
                    curCObj._already_added = False
                    oldObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    curCObj.clearDeclForNextVar()
                    curCObj.name = None
                    curCObj.body = None
                elif token.content == ":" and curCObj and curCObj._type_tokens and curCObj.name:
                    CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
                    curCObj.bitsize = None
                elif token.content == "=" and curCObj and (isinstance(curCObj, CVarDecl) or not curCObj.isDerived()):
                    if not curCObj.isDerived():
                        CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
                    curCObj.body = CStatement(parent=curCObj)
                    if isinstance(curCObj, CVarDecl):
                        # Early add, so that the var init body can reference it's own instance,
                        # e.g. its pointer.
                        _addToParent(curCObj, stateStruct, dictName="vars")
                        curCObj._already_added = True
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: op '" + token.content + "' not expected in " + str(parentCObj) + " after " + str(curCObj))
        elif isinstance(token, CNumber):
            if isinstance(curCObj, CVarDecl) and hasattr(curCObj, "bitsize"):
                curCObj.bitsize = token.content
            elif isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
                curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement):
                curCObj.body._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, CCaseStatement):
                if not curCObj.args or not isinstance(curCObj.args[-1], CStatement):
                    curCObj.args.append(CStatement(parent=parentCObj))
                curCObj.args[-1]._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, _CControlStructure):
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse after " + str(curCObj) + ": didn't expected number '" + str(token.content) + "'")
            else:
                CStatement.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
        elif isinstance(token, COpeningBracket):
            curCObj._bracketlevel = list(token.brackets)
            if not _isBracketLevelOk(parentCObj._bracketlevel, token.brackets):
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse body: internal error: bracket level messed up with opening bracket: " + str(token.brackets) + " on level " + str(parentCObj._bracketlevel) + " in " + str(parentCObj))
            if isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
                if token.content == "{":
                    cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
                else:
                    curCObj._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            elif isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement):
                curCObj.body._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, CCaseStatement):
                if not curCObj.args or not isinstance(curCObj.args[-1], CStatement):
                    curCObj.args.append(CStatement(parent=parentCObj))
                curCObj.args[-1]._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, _CControlStructure):
                if token.content == "(":
                    cpre3_parse_statements_in_brackets(stateStruct, curCObj, sepToken=CSemicolon(), addToList=curCObj.args, input_iter=input_iter)
                    curCObj._bracketlevel = list(parentCObj._bracketlevel or [])
                    lasttoken = cpre3_parse_single_next_statement(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    if isinstance(lasttoken, CClosingBracket) and lasttoken.brackets == parentCObj._bracketlevel:
                        return
                    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
                elif token.content == "[":
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse after " + str(curCObj) + ": got unexpected '['")
                    _cpre3_parse_skipbracketcontent(stateStruct, list(token.brackets), input_iter)
                elif token.content == "{":
                    if curCObj.body is not None:
                        stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse after " + str(curCObj) + ": got multiple bodies")
                    cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                    curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
                else:
                    stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse after " + str(curCObj) + ": got unexpected/unknown opening bracket '" + token.content + "'")
                    _cpre3_parse_skipbracketcontent(stateStruct, list(token.brackets), input_iter)
            elif token.content == "(":
                if len(curCObj._type_tokens) == 0:
                    CStatement.overtake(curCObj)
                    curCObj._cpre3_parse_brackets(stateStruct, token, input_iter)
                elif curCObj.name is None:
                    typeObj = CFuncPointerDecl(parent=curCObj)
                    typeObj._bracketlevel = curCObj._bracketlevel
                    typeObj._type_tokens[:] = curCObj._type_tokens
                    CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
                    curCObj._type_tokens[:] = [typeObj]
                    cpre3_parse_funcpointername(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                    curCObj.name = typeObj.name
                elif len(curCObj._type_tokens) == 1 and isinstance(curCObj._type_tokens[0], CFuncPointerDecl):
                    typeObj = curCObj._type_tokens[0]
                    cpre3_parse_funcargs(stateStruct, typeObj, input_iter)
                    typeObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                else:
                    CFunc.overtake(curCObj)
                    curCObj.defPos = stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
                    cpre3_parse_funcargs(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
            elif token.content == "[":
                CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
                cpre3_parse_arrayargs(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
            elif token.content == "{":
                if curCObj.isDerived():
                    if isinstance(curCObj, CStruct):
                        cpre3_parse_struct(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                    elif isinstance(curCObj, CUnion):
                        cpre3_parse_union(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                    elif isinstance(curCObj, CEnum):
                        cpre3_parse_enum(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                    elif isinstance(curCObj, CFunc):
                        cpre3_parse_funcbody(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                        curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
                    else:
                        stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: unexpected '{' after " + str(curCObj))
                        curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
                else:
                    if not parentCObj.body is stateStruct: # not top level
                        CCodeBlock.overtake(curCObj)
                        curCObj.defPos = stateStruct.curPosAsStr()
                        cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, curCObj, input_iter)
                        curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                    curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: unexpected opening bracket '" + token.content + "'")
        elif isinstance(token, CClosingBracket):
            if token.content == "}":
                curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
                curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: unexpected closing bracket '" + token.content + "' after " + str(curCObj))
            if token.brackets == parentCObj._bracketlevel:
                return
            if not _isBracketLevelOk(parentCObj._bracketlevel, token.brackets):
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse body: internal error: bracket level messed up with closing bracket: " + str(token.brackets) + " on level " + str(parentCObj._bracketlevel) + " in " + str(parentCObj))
        elif isinstance(token, CSemicolon):
            if not curCObj.isDerived() and curCObj:
                CVarDecl.overtake(curCObj)
            if not curCObj._finalized:
                curCObj.finalize(stateStruct)
            curCObj = _CBaseWithOptBody(parent=parentCObj)
        elif isinstance(token, (CStr,CChar)):
            if isinstance(curCObj, CStatement):
                curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj.body, CStatement):
                curCObj.body._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, CCaseStatement):
                if not curCObj.args or not isinstance(curCObj.args[-1], CStatement):
                    curCObj.args.append(CStatement(parent=parentCObj))
                curCObj.args[-1]._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            elif isinstance(curCObj, _CControlStructure):
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse after " + str(curCObj) + ": didn't expected " + str(token))
            elif not curCObj:
                CStatement.overtake(curCObj)
                curCObj._cpre3_handle_token(stateStruct, token)
            else:
                stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: unexpected str " + str(token) + " after " + str(curCObj))
        else:
            stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: unexpected token " + str(token))

    if curCObj and not curCObj._finalized:
        stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: unfinished " + str(curCObj) + " at end of " + str(parentCObj))

    if parentCObj._bracketlevel is not None:
        stateStruct.error("cpre3 parse: read until end without closing brackets " + str(parentCObj._bracketlevel) + " in " + str(parentCObj))

def cpre3_parse(stateStruct, input):
    input_iter = iter(input)
    parentObj = _CBaseWithOptBody()
    parentObj.body = stateStruct
    cpre3_parse_body(stateStruct, parentObj, input_iter)

def parse(filename, state=None):
    if state is None:
        state = State()
        state.autoSetupSystemMacros()

    preprocessed = state.preprocess_file(filename, local=True)
    tokens = cpre2_parse(state, preprocessed)
    cpre3_parse(state, tokens)

    return state

def parse_code(source_code, state=None):
    if state is None:
        state = State()
        state.autoSetupSystemMacros()

    try:
        preprocessed = state.preprocess_source_code(source_code)
        tokens = cpre2_parse(state, preprocessed)
        cpre3_parse(state, tokens)
    except Exception as e:
        state.error("internal exception: %r" % e)
        print "parsing errors:"
        for s in state._errors: print s
        raise

    return state


def demo_parse_file(filename):
    import better_exchook
    better_exchook.install()
    from pprint import pprint

    state = State()
    state.autoSetupSystemMacros()

    preprocessed = state.preprocess_file(filename, local=True)
    tokens = cpre2_parse(state, preprocessed)

    token_list = []
    def copy_hook(input, output):
        for x in input:
            output.append(x)
            yield x
    tokens = copy_hook(tokens, token_list)

    cpre3_parse(state, tokens)
    if state._errors:
        print "parse errors:"
        pprint(state._errors)

    return state, token_list


class CWrapValue(CType):
    """
    This wraps types, values and custom Python functions.
    """
    def __init__(self, value, decl=None, name=None, **kwattr):
        if isinstance(value, int):
            value = ctypes.c_int(value)
        self.value = value
        self.decl = decl
        self.name = name
        for k,v in kwattr.iteritems():
            setattr(self, k, v)
    def __repr__(self):
        s = "<" + self.__class__.__name__ + " "
        if self.name: s += "%r " % self.name
        if self.decl is not None: s += repr(self.decl) + " "
        s += repr(self.value)
        s += ">"
        return s
    def getType(self):
        if self.decl is not None: return self.decl.type
        #elif self.value is not None and hasattr(self.value, "__class__"):
        #for k, v in State.CBuiltinTypes  # TODO...
        #	return self.value.__class__
        #if isinstance(self.value, (_ctypes._SimpleCData,ctypes.Structure,ctypes.Union)):
        return self
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        return self.value.__class__
    def getConstValue(self, stateStruct):
        value = self.value
        if isinstance(value, _ctypes._Pointer):
            value = ctypes.cast(value, wrapCTypeClass(ctypes.c_void_p))
        if isinstance(value, ctypes._SimpleCData):
            value = value.value
        return value
    def getReturnType(self, stateStruct, stmnt_args):
        """
        This is called if this is used as a function call to determine its return type.
        """
        assert self.returnType is not None
        return self.returnType

class CWrapFuncType(CType, CFuncPointerBase):
    def __init__(self, func, funcEnv):
        """
        :type func: CFunc
        """
        self.func = func
        self.funcEnv = funcEnv
    def getCType(self, stateStruct):
        return self.func.getCType(stateStruct)


def isPointerType(t, checkWrapValue=False, alsoFuncPtr=False, alsoArray=True):
    while isinstance(t, CTypedef):
        t = t.type
    if isinstance(t, CPointerType): return True
    if alsoArray:
        if isinstance(t, CArrayType): return True
    if isinstance(t, CBuiltinType) and t.builtinType == ("void", "*"): return True
    if checkWrapValue and isinstance(t, CWrapValue):
        return isPointerType(t.getCType(None), checkWrapValue=True, alsoFuncPtr=alsoFuncPtr)
    from inspect import isclass
    if alsoFuncPtr:
        if isinstance(t, CWrapFuncType): return True
        if isinstance(t, CFuncPointerDecl): return True
        if isclass(t) and issubclass(t, ctypes._CFuncPtr): return True
    if isclass(t):
        if issubclass(t, _ctypes._Pointer): return True
        if issubclass(t, ctypes.c_void_p): return True
    return False

def isVoidPtrType(t):
    if isinstance(t, CPointerType):
        return t.pointerOf == CBuiltinType(("void",))
    if isinstance(t, CBuiltinType) and t.builtinType == ("void", "*"):
        return True
    return False

def isValueType(t):
    if isinstance(t, (CBuiltinType,CStdIntType)): return True
    from inspect import isclass
    if isclass(t):
        for c in State.StdIntTypes.values():
            if issubclass(t, c): return True
    return False


def isExternDecl(obj):
    if isinstance(obj, CVarDecl):
        return "extern" in obj.attribs
    elif isinstance(obj, (CStruct, CUnion, CEnum, CFunc)):
        return obj.body is None
    elif isinstance(obj, CTypedef):
        return False
    else:
        assert False, "unknown type: %r %r" % (obj, type(obj))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    import sys
    demo_parse_file(sys.argv[1])