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CengageLinux

Updates for Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification (6th Edition), ISBN: 9798214000800

In this book, you install virtual machines of the latest Fedora Workstation and Ubuntu Server for your architecture (x86_64 or aarch64) on a Windows or macOS system.

New versions of each Linux distribution are released frequently. While nearly all steps within the hands-on projects and discovery exercises in this book will remain the same for newer versions of Linux, there may be some steps that need to be modified. You can find these steps for each new version of Fedora Workstation and Ubuntu Server in this repository. You will also find any miscellaneous changes that related to new versions of Windows or macOS, as well as any typos noticed following publication.

Changes for Fedora Workstation 40 (x86_64 or aarch64)

  • Project 2-1 Step 4 (pg 66) - Click Install Fedora to start the Fedora installation.
  • Project 2-1 Step 11 (pg 66) - Note that the Power Off/Log Out drop-down menu has been replaced with a graphical power icon.
  • Project 2-2 Step 5 (pg 67) - Note that the login screen on tty1 is displayed as seat0 in the output of who.
  • Project 2-3 Step 2 (pg 68) - The Show Applications icon is now called Show Apps.
  • Project 2-3 Step 6 (pg 68) - If you receive errors installing KDE Plasma Workspaces, first perform a dnf update command to update your repository information and packages.
  • Project 2-3 Step 7 (pg 68) - KDE Plasma Workspaces no longer supports X.org (X11) on Fedora. When you click the Plasma option from the GDM screen, you will start KDE Plasma Workspaces on Wayland. Because of this, the output of who in Step 9 will indicate tty2 instead of :0.
  • Project 2-6 Step 5 (pg 70) - When you run info, you will be prompted to press y (twice) to install the info utility, as it is no longer installed by default.
  • Project 5-2 Step 4 (pg 207) - The first command run in this step should be df -hT.
  • Project 5-4 Step 4 (pg 209) - mkpart first prompts you to supply a partition name. Press Enter to choose a blank name.
  • Project 5-4 Step 11 (pg 210) - The first command run in this step should be vgcreate vg00 device, where device is the device file for the 1GB partition created in Step 4.
  • Project 5-6 Step 9 (pg 212) - Fedora now converts entries in /etc/fstab to Systemd mount units (discussed later in Chapter 8), but this conversion is performed only during system startup. After executing the mount command in this step run the systemctl daemon-reload command to complete this conversion.
  • Project 6-6 Step 3 (pg 255) - Click Not Now to continue to use the live Fedora system.
  • Project 7-5 Step 12 (pg 316) - Ensure that you use backquotes (`) instead of single quotes (') around the values of the FILE and DATE variables (the compositor changed them before print).
  • Project 8-1 Step 5 (pg 356) - Also ensure that you edit the GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true line to read GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=false before saving your changes to /etc/default/grub.
  • Project 8-1 Step 6 (pg 356) - If you do not see the GRUB2 boot screen in the following step (Step 7) and your virtual machine emulates a UEFI BIOS, return to this step and run the grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg command (this will also update the target /boot/grub2/grub.cfg).
  • Project 8-2 Steps 6-8 (pg 357) - Note that Fedora no longer ships with any UNIX SysV daemons, such as livesys.
  • Project 8-2 Step 20 (pg 357) - Since livesys is no longer available, instead run service cups restart and note that legacy service command functionality is now handled by Systemd.
  • Project 8-3 Step 4 (pg 358) - The first line of the bootscript.service file should read [Unit].
  • Project 8-4 Step 3 (pg 358) - The disk UUID is now the 4th column in the output of lsblk --fs, thus the proper command in this step is :r !lsblk --fs |grep newmount|awk '{print $4}'.
  • Project 9-4 Step 4 (pg 388) - To exit the help page in the top command, you must now press either q or Esc (as indicated on the screen).
  • Project 9-5 Steps 8 and 9 (pg 388) - The crontab command now opens nano instead of vi by default.
  • Project 10-4 Step 3 (pg 425) - The journald configuration file is now in a different location. Run cat /usr/lib/systemd/journald.conf in this step.
  • Project 11-8 Step 2 (pg 481) - This step is no longer necessary as flathub is now added and enabled by default.
  • Project 11-8 Steps 3-7 (pg 481) - Replace Teams with Edge to install, view, and run Microsoft Edge.
  • Project 12-4 Step 4 (pg 523) - When you run telnet, you will be prompted to press y (twice) to install the telnet client utility, as it is no longer installed by default.
  • Project 13-4 Step 2 (pg 570) - This step is no longer necessary as httpd is now installed by default.
  • Discovery Exercise 13-4 (pg 581) - Because sshfs is now installed by default, there is no need to run dnf install sshfs.

Changes for Ubuntu Server 24.04 (x86_64 or aarch64)

  • Project 10-3 Step 2 (pg 424) - This step is no longer necessary as rsyslog is now installed by default.
  • NetPlan .yaml syntax (pg 494) - While the syntax displayed in the sample 00-installer-config.yaml file will work fine, the gateway4: 3.0.0.1 line now uses a deprecated syntax. The preferred syntax for setting this default gateway is now: 
    routes:
  - to: default
    via: 3.0.0.1
  • Project 12-1 Step 20 (pg 522) - Ubuntu now stores network configuration in /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml. Consequently, you must run the cat /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml command in this step.
  • Project 13-3 Step 3 (pg 570) - NTP daemon configuration is now stored in /etc/ntpsec/ntp.conf. Consequently, you must run the less /etc/ntpsec/ntp.conf command in this step.
  • Discovery Exercise 14-10 (pg 638) - In the apt install command, replace sssdad with sssd-ad.

Miscellaneous Changes

  • Discovery Exercise 12-4 (pg 528) - On Windows, wsl no longer assumes a default distribution of Ubuntu. As a result, you must run the wsl --install --distribution ubuntu command to install Ubuntu WSL.