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Install instructions for Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup (DCSS)

Contents

Getting DCSS To Run

You can download prebuilt versions of DCSS from the DCSS homepage.

If you're having any trouble running these versions, try asking for help in any of the community forums detailed in the README.

The rest of this file deals with compiling DCSS from source.

Compiling

Here's the basic workflow. Please read the section for your OS below for more detailed instructions.

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/crawl/crawl.git
cd crawl

# Either install dependencies from your OS package manager (eg apt, yum)
apt install ...
# or use DCSS's packaged dependencies
git submodule update --init

# Build DCSS (remove TILES=y for console mode)
cd crawl-ref/source
make -j4 TILES=y

# Play DCSS by running the compiled binary
./crawl

Packaged Dependencies

DCSS uses Lua, SDL, SQLite and several other third party packages. Generally you should use the versions supplied by your OS's package manager. If that's not possible, you can use the versions packaged with DCSS.

To use packaged dependencies:

  1. Clone the repository with Git (you can't use a tarball - the dependencies use Git submodules).
  2. Run git submodule update --init in the repository.
  3. Compile as per above.

Ubuntu / Debian

These instructions may work for other DPKG-based distros.

# python-is-python3 is required for Ubuntu 20.04 and newer
sudo apt install build-essential libncursesw5-dev bison flex liblua5.1-0-dev \
libsqlite3-dev libz-dev pkg-config python3-yaml binutils-gold python-is-python3

# Dependencies for tiles builds
sudo apt install libsdl2-image-dev libsdl2-mixer-dev libsdl2-dev \
libfreetype6-dev libpng-dev fonts-dejavu-core advancecomp pngcrush

Then follow the above compilation steps.

Fedora

These instructions may work for other RPM-based distros.

sudo dnf install gcc gcc-c++ make bison flex ncurses-devel compat-lua-devel \
sqlite-devel zlib-devel pkgconfig python3-yaml

# Dependencies for tiles builds:
sudo dnf install SDL2-devel SDL2_image-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel \
dejavu-sans-fonts dejavu-sans-mono-fonts advancecomp pngcrush

Then follow the above compilation steps.

Other Linux / Unix

You need the following dependencies:

  • GNU make
  • gcc / clang
  • perl
  • pkg-config
  • Python 3 and PyYAML
  • libncurses
  • flex / bison (optional)

You can install these dependencies from your OS package manager, or use DCSS's packaged versions (as described in Packaged Dependencies above):

  • lua 5.1
  • sqlite
  • zlib
  • pcre
  • freetype (tiles builds only)
  • DejaVu fonts (tiles builds only)
  • SDL2 (tiles builds only)
  • SDL2_image (tiles builds only)
  • libpng (tiles builds only)

Then follow the above compilation steps.

AppImage

When building for Linux targets, you can easily create an AppImage with the help of the linuxdeploy tool.

  1. Download the linuxdeploy AppImage

  2. Make it executable.

    chmod +x /path/to/linuxdeploy.AppImage

  3. Follow the above compilation steps and, when running make, include the appimage target and the path to linuxdeploy in the LINUXDEPLOY parameter.

    # console build
make LINUXDEPLOY=/path/to/linuxdeploy.AppImage appimage
# tiles build
make TILES=y LINUXDEPLOY=/path/to/linuxdeploy.AppImage appimage

macOS

The supported build method is via the command line. While installed Xcode is a a prerequisite for building, we do not support building within the Xcode app.

  1. Before building on macOS, you need a working copy of Xcode and the associated command line tools (this installs a build toolchain).

    1. Install Xcode from the App Store
    2. Open Xcode and say yes if you are prompted to install optional developer tools. (You can quit Xcode after this completes.)
    3. Run xcode-select --install in a Terminal
    4. Optional: install various command line conveniences from a package manager (e.g anaconda, macports, or homebrew), such as GNU coreutils, GNU make, an up-to-date python version, ccache, etc.

  2. You will also need to install DCSS's bundled dependencies:

    cd crawl
git submodule update --init

  3. And install PyYAML:

    pip install pyyaml

    This step can go wrong if you have multiple python installs; ensure that pip corresponds with the default python3 binary. You can also install this package in other ways, via package managers such as anaconda, macports, or homebrew.

  4. Then follow the above command-line compilation steps.

Building a mac app

The above instructions (as on linux) build a binary that can be run at the command line. To instead build a macOS application package, add mac-app-tiles or mac-app-console to your make command, eg:

make -j4 TILES=y mac-app-tiles
make -j4 mac-app-console

This will create an application in mac-app-zips/ of the source directory The build process does not sign applications. The build targets mac-app-tiles-universal and mac-app-console-universal will build x86/ARM universal binaries, which are generally only needed for distribution purposes. (A regular x86 application will run fine under Rosetta, but a non-universal binary built on ARM won't run on x86.)

Windows

MSYS2 (Recommended)

This is the only currently recommended process for building DCSS on windows. It is also possible to cross-compile windows builds; see the release guide for instructions.

MSYS2 is a Cygwin-derived software distro for Windows that can build native applications; you will interact with the build process in a unix-like shell interface. You can download the MSYS2 installer from the MSYS2 github page

You generally want to install the 64-bit version of MSYS2 unless you have a specific reason to build a 32-bit version of crawl. Follow all of the steps you see on that page to install MSYS2, but please read the additional notes below. In particular, when starting the MSYS2 Shell, be sure to run the 64-bit MinGW version of the MSYS2 shell and not the version labeled 'MSYS2 MSYS' or the 32-bit version.

The installer will put all MSYS2/MinGW files into a folder of your choice, which defaults to C:\msys64. If you have crawl-related work files from other directories that you'd like to carry over, you can copy them into C:\msys64\home\<Username>, where <Username> is your Windows username. This is the path to your MSYS2 home directory. From the MSYS2 shell you can always get back to here with cd ~.

After the installer finishes, start the MSYS2 shell ("MSYS2 MinGW 64-bit") and do steps 5-6 from the MSYS2 install instructions in order to update your installation. These steps are repeated here:

5. At the command line, run `pacman -Syu` to update the core packages.
   Then restart your MSYS2 shell. (The installer will force you to restart.)

6. At the command line, run `pacman -Su` to update all packages.

After MSYS2 is fully installed and updated, follow steps below to install development packages and compile DCSS. The commands shown below should be run from within the MSYS2 Shell.

  1. To install git and the base development packages, run:

    pacman -S base-devel git

    Accept the default action to install all packages in base-devel, and say yes to any questions about installing packages or removing packages due to conflicts.

  2. To install the mingw-w64 GCC toolchain for your system, run:

    pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain

  3. At this point on current MSYS2 versions, your core development environment for building windows binaries within MSYS2 should be complete. You can test the toolchain by running:

    gcc -v

    If this works, you're nearly all set. If it doesn't, you may be an an older version of MSYS2 and need to manually add the newly installed toolchain to your path. To do so, run the following line, either at the command line (for that shell instance only) or in the file ~/.bashrc to make it permanent:

    export PATH=$PATH:/mingw64/bin

    (However, you may want to consider just upgrading MSYS2 at this point.)

  4. There is one more package dependency needed, the python package PyYAML. This can be installed either via the MSYS2 package or (if you know what you're doing) via pip.

    pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-python-yaml
# or
pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-python-pip
pip install pyyaml

    You can verify PyYAML is installed by running something like:

    python3 -c "import yaml"

    If this gives an error, something went wrong with the installation. One possibility at this point is that you have multiple conflicting python versions installed; recent versions of MSYS2 can have this issue. First, be sure you are using python3 (and not just python), and if this doesn't work, try uninstalling the package named python. This may require you to also uninstall other packages that are part of the base-devel group, but they aren't needed for developing with python.

  5. To get the DCSS source, follow the steps in the Getting The Source section above to clone DCSS into your MSYS2 home directory. We recommend using the MSYS2-installed version of git for these steps. In brief:

    1. cd to the location where you would like the crawl repository to be. It will clone into a folder named crawl. Your home directory (cd ~) is a reasonable choice.
    2. Run git clone https://github.com/crawl/crawl.git.
    3. Run cd crawl/crawl-ref/source.
    4. Run git submodule update --init.

  6. Build DCSS by simply running:

    # for the console build:
make
# or, for the tiles build:
make TILES=y

    If you want a debug build, add the target debug to the above commands (eg make debug TILES=y).

  7. When the build process finishes, you can run crawl.exe directly from the source directory in the MSYS2 shell. For Tiles, type ./crawl.exe, and for console, type start crawl, which will open DCSS in a new command.exe window (the Windows version of DCSS requires a command.exe shell and will not run in an MSYS2 shell). Both versions can also be started by double-clicking crawl.exe using the file explorer.

  8. If you want to build the installer or zipped packages instead, you need to install zip and nsis:

    pacman -S zip
# and
pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-nsis

    Then build by running:

    # installer
make package-windows-installer
# zips
make package-windows-zips

Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)

These instructions have been successfully tested with Ubuntu only.

  1. Follow the instructions on Microsoft's website at to set up the Windows Subsystem for Linux.

  2. Follow the Ubuntu instructions to build DCSS.

  3. Console and Webtiles will work without any further configuration. To get SDL tiles to work, you need an X server running on Windows; Xming is an option that has worked in the past. If you run into an error about not finding a matching GLX visual, try running:

    export SDL_VIDEO_X11_VISUALID=

Visual Studio

This build process is currently unsupported, and unlikely to be straightforward in versions of MSVC besides those explicitly mentioned here.

This build is tested on Visual Studio 2017 15.8.7 on Windows 8.1 and 10. Tested configurations are Debug/Release;Console/Tiles;Win32/x64, Python and Lua support for editing are untested, and a webtiles build is not available.

  1. To get the DCSS source, follow the steps in the Getting The Source section above.

    git clone https://github.com/crawl/crawl.git
git submodule update --init

  2. Install a perl environment, Perl provides links to several Windows binaries.

  3. In the DCSS source, run gen-all.cmd inside crawl-ref/source/util/. This step must be executed any time you update to a new version of the source (or if you have modified tile data or unrandarts).

  4. The first time you compile, you need to build the Contribs solution. This compiles various libraries which DCSS itself needs to build. This needs to be performed the first time you build, when changing to the Debug configuration, and when the contribs are updated. To do this open and compile Contribs.sln in crawl-ref/source/contrib. Make sure to set Release or Debug (not the library versions), as well as the desired architecture (Win32 or x64). Then build (or re-build) the solution.

  5. Open crawl-ref.sln in Visual Studio, this is in crawl-ref/source/MSVC/.

  6. Select Debug or Release from the build configurations menu on the main toolbar; crawl.exe is compiled by selecting "Build Solution" in the BUILD menu.

  7. To build the Debug version:

    1. First build Release following the instructions above
    2. Set the Debug configuration
    3. Re-build the Contribs
    4. Re-build with the Debug configuration set

    Building the Debug version without first building the Release configuration will result in an error on startup. The Release build can still be debugged using the Visual Studio debugger.

Maintenance notes:

MSVC solution files are finicky. Opening the "All Configurations" or "All Platforms" will automatically change settings. This is typically unwanted.

Troubleshooting tips:

  • Make sure Windows Universal C Runtime is installed in MSVC.
  • Build Release before rebuilding both solutions with Debug
  • Use "Rebuild Solution" to make sure all files are rewritten
  • Make sure all projects use /MD (or /MDd for the debug version)
  • Make sure the appropriate (/MD or /MDd) CRT libraries are included for SDL, crawl, and tilegen.
  • Make sure libpng.dll, SDL2.dll, and SDL2_image.dll are in crawl-ref/source after building the Contribs solution. These are copied post-build from their original location in source/contrib/bin/8.0/$(Platform).
  • Make sure freetype.lib, libpng.lib, lua.lib, pcre.lib, SDL2.lib, SDL2_image.lib, SDL2main.lib, sqlite.lib, and zlib.lib are in source/contrib/bin/8.0/$(Platform) after building the Contribs solution.
  • Make sure crawl.exe and tilegen.exe are in crawl-ref/source after building the crawl-ref solution.
  • tilegen.exe runs early during the crawl.exe build process, using libpng.dll to build PNG files inside source/rtiles. Breaking tilegen (e.g. by building a different Contribs configuration) after building these png files correctly will result in tilegen.exe crashing during the crawl build process, but will not stop the build from working. fresh.bat inside the MSVC folder will clear these files, making sure tilegen.exe stops the build process if it fails.

Android

The android build is done within Android Studio, or at the command line via gradle. See docs/develop/android.txt for details.

Advanced

DCSS looks for several data files when starting up. They include:

  • Special level and vault layout (dat/*.des) files.
  • Core Lua code (dat/dlua/*.lua).
  • Descriptions for monsters and game features (dat/descript/*.txt).
  • Definitions for monster dialogue and randart names (dat/database/*.txt).

All these files are in the source tree under source/dat.

DCSS will also look for documentation files when players invoke the help system. These files are available under the docs directory.

Your built DCSS binary must be able to find these files, or it will not start.

If DCSS is built without an explicit DATA_DIR_PATH (this is the most common setup), it will search for its data files under the current directory, and if it can't find them there, one level above the current directory. In short, it uses these search paths: ., ./dat, ./docs, .., ../dat, ../docs.

ccache

If you're recompiling DCSS many times (eg while developing features), ccache can significantly speed up this process. It is generally easy to install and set up.

On Linux, try installing the ccache with your package manager. You will need to add the ccache directory to your PATH.

On macOS, run brew install ccache and follow the instructions to update your PATH.

Installing For All Users

You might want to install DCSS if you want to allow all users on your machine to play it.

Use make install prefix=/usr/local to build and install DCSS.

Make options:

  • prefix: Specify the prefix to install to. You probably want /usr or /usr/local
  • SAVEDIR: defaults to ~/.crawl
  • DATADIR: defaults to $prefix/share/crawl

Desktop files and AppStream metadata

On Linux distributions and any other OS that follows the XDG specifications, you can install some additional files to provide the required information for DCSS to be included in applications menus and software centers. This can be particularly useful if you are building DCSS to be distributed as a package.

Use make install-xdg-data to install the following files:

  • A desktop file in $prefix/share/applications
  • A metainfo file in $prefix/share/metainfo
  • Several icons of different sizes in $prefix/share/icons/hicolor

The name of the files is governed by the GAME option in order to match the generated executable file.

.des level compiler

DCSS uses a level compiler to read the level design (.des) files in the source/dat directory.

If you're using one of standard makefile, the steps described in this section are performed automatically:

The level compiler source is in the source/util directory (levcomp.lpp and levcomp.ypp). The steps involved in building the level compiler are:

  • Run flex on levcomp.lpp to produce the levcomp.lex.cc lexer.
  • Run bison on levcomp.ypp to produce the levcomp.tab.cc parser and levcomp.tab.h
  • Compile the resulting C++ source files and levcomp.cc and link the object files into the DCSS executable.

For convenience on systems that don't have flex/bison, pre-generated intermediate files are provided under source/prebuilt. The makefiles provided with the DCSS source distribution will use these pre-generated files automatically if flex/bison is not available.

Code Coverage

Code coverage requires some more package to be installed. See testing.md for more info.

Lua

The Lua source is included with DCSS. It will be used if you don't have Lua headers installed. Note that we don't provide security support for Lua, and thus if you run a public server or a kiosk, it is strongly recommended to use system Lua which does receive security updates from whatever distribution you use.

PCRE

PCRE 8.12, with a custom build system but otherwise unchanged, is included with DCSS. It is enabled by default on Windows; otherwise, unless you build with BUILD_PCRE=y (to use the contrib) or USE_PCRE=y (to use a development package from your manager), the system POSIX regex will be used.

Unicode

On Unix, you want an UTF-8 locale. All modern distributions install one by default, but you might have somehow dropped required settings. To check this, run locale charmap, which should say UTF-8. If it's not, please ensure either LANG, LC_ALL or LC_CTYPE is set. A typical line would be export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8.

On Windows, the console behaves differently for TrueType and legacy (bitmap) fonts. The latter (mostly) work only on certain language editions of Windows, such as English, and even there, they work adequately only for DCSS's default settings. For anything more, please select one of TrueType fonts. If, like one of our players, you are deeply attached to the looks of bitmap fonts, you can download a corrected version of the Terminal font

Troubleshooting

When compiling, you may run into the following errors:

cat: util/release_ver: No such file or directory

Can't get version information: `git describe` failed (no git,
no repository, or shallow clone), and util/release_ver doesn't exist.

To solve this, run:

git remote add upstream https://github.com/crawl/crawl/
git fetch --tags upstream

If this doesn't resolve the problem, you can try creating util/release_ver manually, with contents along the lines of 0.31-a0.

Getting Help

The best place to ask for help is #crawl-dev on Libera IRC, where developers chat.

You can also try any of the community forums detailed in the README.