You initiate the process by importing the googleanalytics.Connection class. This object is used to authorize against GA and contains the machinery to make requests to GA, and maintains your authorization token. Speaking of your Google Credentials, you can specify these in two ways. The first, which I like, is to create a configuration file in your home directory named .pythongoogleanalytics. Populate it like this:
[Credentials] google_account_email = [email protected] google_account_password = yourpassword
The second method is to supply the credentials directly to the Connection object in your code like so:
>>> from googleanalytics import Connection
>>> connection = Connection('[email protected]', 'fakefake')
If you are using the former (~/.pythongoogleanalytics) method, you can just make naked Connection() calls to set up your connection object.
You can retrieve a list of profiles associated with your account like so:
>>> from googleanalytics import Connection
>>> connection = Connection('[email protected]', 'fakefake')
>>> accounts = connection.get_accounts()
This will return a list of account objects which you could use to retrieve data. The Connection.get_accounts method also accepts pagination parameters:
>>> accounts = connection.get_accounts(start_index=10, max_results=5)
Both are optional. start_index defaults to 1 (the listing is 1-indexed), and max_results defaults to None which means a naked call just returns all your accounts.
Alternatively: If you know the profile ID you want to use, you can use the Connection.get_account method. This currently does no validation, so if you provide an invalid profile ID you can expect things to break. It works like you might expect:
>>> account = connection.get_account('1234')
Once you have an Account object you can start pulling data from it. Reports are built by specifying a combinations of dimensions and metrics. Dimensions are things like Browsers, Platforms, PagePath. Metrics are generally numerical data like pageviews, visits, percentages, elapsed time, and so forth. Google has a long reference to these here.
Google specifies all these with ga: prepended to each dimension or metric. Right now I require you don't specify the ga: part. What I mean is that when you want ga:pagePath you pass in pagePath. Leave off the ga: for now.
get_data() has three required arguments. You must provide start and end dates as the first two positional arguments, respectively, and they can be either datetime.datetime or datetime.date objects. These dates bound the time frame for the data you request. If you only want data for a single day, the start and end dates should be identical (the end date is inclusive). metrics is the only other required argument and can be passed as the third positional argument or as a keyword argument. However, it must be a list containing at least one valid metric to form a proper request.
In addition to dimensions and metrics you can specify sorting and filtering parameters, both optional.
Here's a really basic call:
>>> from googleanalytics import Connection
>>> import datetime
>>> connection = Connection('[email protected]', 'fakefake')
>>> account = connection.get_account('1234')
>>> start_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> end_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> data = account.get_data(start_date, end_date, metrics=['pageviews'])
>>> data.list
[[[], [4567]]]
You can optionally retrieve metrics by various dimensions, such as a list of browsers that accessed your site in your timeframe and how many page views each of those browsers generated.
>>> from googleanalytics import Connection
>>> import datetime
>>> connection = Connection('[email protected]', 'fakefake')
>>> account = connection.get_account('1234')
>>> start_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> end_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> data = account.get_data(start_date, end_date, metrics=['pageviews'], dimensions=['browser',])
>>> data.list
[[['Chrome'], [43293]], [['Firefox'], [6367750]], [['Internet Explorer'], [5391084]], [['Mozilla Compatible Agent'],[238179]], [['Safari'], [567432]]]
You could get Google to sort that for you (note FireFox is first now):
>>> from googleanalytics import Connection
>>> import datetime
>>> connection = Connection('[email protected]', 'fakefake')
>>> account = connection.get_account('1234')
>>> start_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> end_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> data = account.get_data(start_date, end_date, metrics=['pageviews',], dimensions=['browser',], sort=['pageviews',])
>>> data.list
[[['Firefox'], [6367750]], [['Internet Explorer'], [5391084]], [['Safari'], [567432]], [['Mozilla Compatible Agent'],[238179]], [['Chrome'], [43293]]]
And you could do some fun filtering, get a list of browsers, sorted descending by page views, and filtered to only contain browser strings which match the three regexs below (starting with Fire OR Internet OR Saf):
>>> from googleanalytics import Connection
>>> import datetime
>>> connection = Connection('[email protected]', 'fakefake')
>>> account = connection.get_account('1234')
>>> start_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> end_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> filters = [
... ['browser', '=~', '^Fire', 'OR'],
... ['browser', '=~', '^Internet', 'OR'],
... ['browser', '=~', '^Saf'],
... ]
>>> data = account.get_data(start_date, end_date, metrics=['pageviews',], dimensions=['browser',], sort=['-pageviews',], filters=filters)
>>> data.list
[[['Firefox'], [6367750]], [['Internet Explorer'], [5391084]], [['Safari'], [567432]]]
At this point you should be asking me how this data is returned to you. In the above examples, the data is returned as a googleanalytics.data.DataSet object which is essentially a Python list with two shortcut "properties" (list/tuple) added to it. This list is populated with googleanalytics.data.DataPoint objects. Each DataPoint has dimensions and metrics properties, which are just arrays of googleanalytics.data.Dimension and googleanalytics.data.Metric objects respectively.
So how do you get useful data? The quickest path to the dimension and metric data is to output the whole dataset as a list of lists or a tuple of tuples. Example:
>>> from googleanalytics import Connection
>>> import datetime
>>> connection = Connection('[email protected]', 'fakefake')
>>> account = connection.get_account('1234')
>>> start_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> end_date = datetime.date(2009, 04, 10)
>>> data = account.get_data(start_date, end_date, metrics=['pageviews',], dimensions=['browser',], sort=['-pageviews',])
>>> data.list
[[['Firefox'], [21]], [['Internet Explorer'], [17]], [['Safari'], [17]], [['Chrome'], [6]], [['Mozilla Compatible Agent'], [5]]]
>>> data.tuple
((['Firefox'], [21]), (['Internet Explorer'], [17]), (['Safari'], [17]), (['Chrome'], [6]), (['Mozilla Compatible Agent'], [5]))
list and tuple will retain the sorting order of the Google Analytics results. Each item in list or tuple are an ordered pair of lists. The first list is the dimensions (which will be an empty list if no dimensions were defined). The second list contains the metrics, in the order they were requested in the get_data call.
Patrick Collison has graciously implemented pulling multiple metrics and data in a single request. Instead of simply passing in a list with one metric or dimension, pass in as many as you like1. The metrics will be returned in the order they were requested in the get_data call.
>>> from googleanalytics import Connection
>>> import datetime
>>> connection = Connection('[email protected]', 'fakefake')
>>> account = connection.get_account('1234')
>>> end_date = datetime.datetime.today()
>>> start_date = end_date-datetime.timedelta(days=2)
>>> metrics = ['pageviews','timeOnPage','entrances']
>>> dimensions = ['pageTitle', 'pagePath']
>>> data = account.get_data(start_date, end_date, metrics=metrics, dimensions=dimensions, max_results=1)
>>> data.list
[[[u'How to find out more about Clint Ecker - Django Developer', u'/'], [5, '0.0', 5]]]
>>> for row in data.list:
... print dict(zip(dimensions, row[0]))
... print dict(zip(metrics, row[1]))
...
{'pageTitle': u'How to find out more about Clint Ecker - Django Developer', 'pagePath': u'/'}
{'entrances': 5, 'pageviews': 5, 'timeOnPage': u'0.0'}
1: The Google Analytics API allows a maximum of 10 metrics and 7 dimensions for a given query, although not every metric/dimension combination is valid. See the official docs for more details.
Google Analytics returns far more data than just the metrics and dimensions. As such, DataSet (and the DataPoint objects the DataSet contains) have many attributes which make this data available. For more information on the exact data that is returned, see the official docs. In short, all of the top-level Data Feed attributes are direct attributes of the DataSet instance and all of the entry attributes of the Data Feed are direct attributes of the DataPoint instances. These attributes are named identically to the names used in the returned Data Feed, with the leading xml namespace removed (e.g. 'dxp:startDate' becomes simply 'startDate').
Assume the following code as given in the following examples:
>>> from googleanalytics import Connection
>>> import datetime
>>> connection = Connection('[email protected]', 'fakefake')
>>> account = connection.get_account('1234')
>>> end_date = datetime.datetime.today()
>>> start_date = end_date-datetime.timedelta(days=2)
>>> metrics = ['pageviews','timeOnPage','entrances']
>>> dimensions = ['pageTitle', 'pagePath']
>>> dataset = account.get_data(start_date, end_date, metrics=metrics, dimensions=dimensions, max_results=1)
One example of a DataSet level attribute is the property 'aggregates' which is an array of Metric objects. This property is aggregate metric data, irrespective of any dimensions for the given time span:
>>> dataset.aggregates [<googleanalytics.data.Metric object at 0x102094b10>, <googleanalytics.data.Metric object at 0x102094ed0>, <googleanalytics.data.Metric object at 0x102094f10>] >>> for metric in dataset.aggregates: ... print "%s => %s" % (metric.name, metric.value) ... pageviews => 217870 timeOnPage => 1.2157589E7 entrances => 63873
The aggregate metric values are also available as direct attributes of the DataSet object:
>>> dataset.pageviews 217870 >>> dataset.timeOnPage 1.2157589E7 >>> dataset.entrances 63873
DataPoint objects are comprised of Metric and Dimension objects (if applicable). These metrics and dimensions are available directly through arrays:
>>> dataset [<googleanalytics.data.DataPoint object at 0x102094f50>] >>> datapoint = dataset[0] >>> datapoint.metrics [<googleanalytics.data.Metric object at 0x102094b10>, <googleanalytics.data.Metric object at 0x102094ed0>, <googleanalytics.data.Metric object at 0x102094f10>] >>> datapoint.dimensions [<googleanalytics.data.Dimension object at 0x1020990d0>, <googleanalytics.data.Dimension object at 0x102099110>]
As with the aggregates array attribute of DataSet, each of these metrics and dimensions are also direct attributes of the DataPoint object:
>>> datapoint.pageviews 5 >>> datapoint.timeOnPage u'0.0' >>> datapoint.entrances 5 >>> datapoint.pageTitle u'How to find out more about Clint Ecker - Django Developer' >>> datapoint.pagePath u'/'
If you really need the low level data for each metric, then you should iterate through the metrics array of the DataPoint instance:
>>> metric = datapoint.metrics[0] >>> metric.name u'pageviews' >>> metric.value 5 >>> metric.type u'integer' >>> metric.confidenceInterval u'0.0'
For now, all metric values are returned as strings except in the case of when type is u'integer'. The code will cast the metric value as an integer in this case.
Robert Kosera has added max_results and start_index to account.get_data and they work just like you might expect. There are examples in tests.py