pthread_cond_wait.c

/*
 * pthread_cond_wait.c
 *
 * Description:
 * This translation unit implements condition variables and their primitives.
 *
 *
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *      Pthreads4w - POSIX Threads for Windows
 *      Copyright 1998 John E. Bossom
 *      Copyright 1999-2018, Pthreads4w contributors
 *
 *      Homepage: https://sourceforge.net/projects/pthreads4w/
 *
 *      The current list of contributors is contained
 *      in the file CONTRIBUTORS included with the source
 *      code distribution. The list can also be seen at the
 *      following World Wide Web location:
 *
 *      https://sourceforge.net/p/pthreads4w/wiki/Contributors/
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 * -------------------------------------------------------------
 * Algorithm:
 * The algorithm used in this implementation is that developed by
 * Alexander Terekhov in colaboration with Louis Thomas. The bulk
 * of the discussion is recorded in the file README.CV, which contains
 * several generations of both colaborators original algorithms. The final
 * algorithm used here is the one referred to as
 *
 *     Algorithm 8a / IMPL_SEM,UNBLOCK_STRATEGY == UNBLOCK_ALL
 * 
 * presented below in pseudo-code as it appeared:
 *
 *
 * given:
 * semBlockLock - bin.semaphore
 * semBlockQueue - semaphore
 * mtxExternal - mutex or CS
 * mtxUnblockLock - mutex or CS
 * nWaitersGone - int
 * nWaitersBlocked - int
 * nWaitersToUnblock - int
 * 
 * wait( timeout ) {
 * 
 *   [auto: register int result          ]     // error checking omitted
 *   [auto: register int nSignalsWasLeft ]
 *   [auto: register int nWaitersWasGone ]
 * 
 *   sem_wait( semBlockLock );
 *   nWaitersBlocked++;
 *   sem_post( semBlockLock );
 * 
 *   unlock( mtxExternal );
 *   bTimedOut = sem_wait( semBlockQueue,timeout );
 * 
 *   lock( mtxUnblockLock );
 *   if ( 0 != (nSignalsWasLeft = nWaitersToUnblock) ) {
 *     if ( bTimeout ) {                       // timeout (or canceled)
 *       if ( 0 != nWaitersBlocked ) {
 *         nWaitersBlocked--;
 *       }
 *       else {
 *         nWaitersGone++;                     // count spurious wakeups.
 *       }
 *     }
 *     if ( 0 == --nWaitersToUnblock ) {
 *       if ( 0 != nWaitersBlocked ) {
 *         sem_post( semBlockLock );           // open the gate.
 *         nSignalsWasLeft = 0;                // do not open the gate
 *                                             // below again.
 *       }
 *       else if ( 0 != (nWaitersWasGone = nWaitersGone) ) {
 *         nWaitersGone = 0;
 *       }
 *     }
 *   }
 *   else if ( INT_MAX/2 == ++nWaitersGone ) { // timeout/canceled or
 *                                             // spurious semaphore :-)
 *     sem_wait( semBlockLock );
 *     nWaitersBlocked -= nWaitersGone;     // something is going on here
 *                                          //  - test of timeouts? :-)
 *     sem_post( semBlockLock );
 *     nWaitersGone = 0;
 *   }
 *   unlock( mtxUnblockLock );
 * 
 *   if ( 1 == nSignalsWasLeft ) {
 *     if ( 0 != nWaitersWasGone ) {
 *       // sem_adjust( semBlockQueue,-nWaitersWasGone );
 *       while ( nWaitersWasGone-- ) {
 *         sem_wait( semBlockQueue );       // better now than spurious later
 *       }
 *     } sem_post( semBlockLock );          // open the gate
 *   }
 * 
 *   lock( mtxExternal );
 * 
 *   return ( bTimedOut ) ? ETIMEOUT : 0;
 * }
 * 
 * signal(bAll) {
 * 
 *   [auto: register int result         ]
 *   [auto: register int nSignalsToIssue]
 * 
 *   lock( mtxUnblockLock );
 * 
 *   if ( 0 != nWaitersToUnblock ) {        // the gate is closed!!!
 *     if ( 0 == nWaitersBlocked ) {        // NO-OP
 *       return unlock( mtxUnblockLock );
 *     }
 *     if (bAll) {
 *       nWaitersToUnblock += nSignalsToIssue=nWaitersBlocked;
 *       nWaitersBlocked = 0;
 *     }
 *     else {
 *       nSignalsToIssue = 1;
 *       nWaitersToUnblock++;
 *       nWaitersBlocked--;
 *     }
 *   }
 *   else if ( nWaitersBlocked > nWaitersGone ) { // HARMLESS RACE CONDITION!
 *     sem_wait( semBlockLock );                  // close the gate
 *     if ( 0 != nWaitersGone ) {
 *       nWaitersBlocked -= nWaitersGone;
 *       nWaitersGone = 0;
 *     }
 *     if (bAll) {
 *       nSignalsToIssue = nWaitersToUnblock = nWaitersBlocked;
 *       nWaitersBlocked = 0;
 *     }
 *     else {
 *       nSignalsToIssue = nWaitersToUnblock = 1;
 *       nWaitersBlocked--;
 *     }
 *   }
 *   else { // NO-OP
 *     return unlock( mtxUnblockLock );
 *   }
 * 
 *   unlock( mtxUnblockLock );
 *   sem_post( semBlockQueue,nSignalsToIssue );
 *   return result;
 * }
 * -------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 *     Algorithm 9 / IMPL_SEM,UNBLOCK_STRATEGY == UNBLOCK_ALL
 * 
 * presented below in pseudo-code; basically 8a...
 *                                      ...BUT W/O "spurious wakes" prevention:
 *
 *
 * given:
 * semBlockLock - bin.semaphore
 * semBlockQueue - semaphore
 * mtxExternal - mutex or CS
 * mtxUnblockLock - mutex or CS
 * nWaitersGone - int
 * nWaitersBlocked - int
 * nWaitersToUnblock - int
 * 
 * wait( timeout ) {
 * 
 *   [auto: register int result          ]     // error checking omitted
 *   [auto: register int nSignalsWasLeft ]
 * 
 *   sem_wait( semBlockLock );
 *   ++nWaitersBlocked;
 *   sem_post( semBlockLock );
 * 
 *   unlock( mtxExternal );
 *   bTimedOut = sem_wait( semBlockQueue,timeout );
 * 
 *   lock( mtxUnblockLock );
 *   if ( 0 != (nSignalsWasLeft = nWaitersToUnblock) ) {
 *     --nWaitersToUnblock;
 *   }
 *   else if ( INT_MAX/2 == ++nWaitersGone ) { // timeout/canceled or
 *                                             // spurious semaphore :-)
 *     sem_wait( semBlockLock );
 *     nWaitersBlocked -= nWaitersGone;        // something is going on here
 *                                             //  - test of timeouts? :-)
 *     sem_post( semBlockLock );
 *     nWaitersGone = 0;
 *   }
 *   unlock( mtxUnblockLock );
 * 
 *   if ( 1 == nSignalsWasLeft ) {
 *     sem_post( semBlockLock );               // open the gate
 *   }
 * 
 *   lock( mtxExternal );
 * 
 *   return ( bTimedOut ) ? ETIMEOUT : 0;
 * }
 * 
 * signal(bAll) {
 * 
 *   [auto: register int result         ]
 *   [auto: register int nSignalsToIssue]
 * 
 *   lock( mtxUnblockLock );
 * 
 *   if ( 0 != nWaitersToUnblock ) {        // the gate is closed!!!
 *     if ( 0 == nWaitersBlocked ) {        // NO-OP
 *       return unlock( mtxUnblockLock );
 *     }
 *     if (bAll) {
 *       nWaitersToUnblock += nSignalsToIssue=nWaitersBlocked;
 *       nWaitersBlocked = 0;
 *     }
 *     else {
 *       nSignalsToIssue = 1;
 *       ++nWaitersToUnblock;
 *       --nWaitersBlocked;
 *     }
 *   }
 *   else if ( nWaitersBlocked > nWaitersGone ) { // HARMLESS RACE CONDITION!
 *     sem_wait( semBlockLock );                  // close the gate
 *     if ( 0 != nWaitersGone ) {
 *       nWaitersBlocked -= nWaitersGone;
 *       nWaitersGone = 0;
 *     }
 *     if (bAll) {
 *       nSignalsToIssue = nWaitersToUnblock = nWaitersBlocked;
 *       nWaitersBlocked = 0;
 *     }
 *     else {
 *       nSignalsToIssue = nWaitersToUnblock = 1;
 *       --nWaitersBlocked;
 *     }
 *   }
 *   else { // NO-OP
 *     return unlock( mtxUnblockLock );
 *   }
 *
 *   unlock( mtxUnblockLock );
 *   sem_post( semBlockQueue,nSignalsToIssue );
 *   return result;
 * }
 * -------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
# include <config.h>
#endif

#include "pthread.h"
#include "implement.h"

/*
 * Arguments for cond_wait_cleanup, since we can only pass a
 * single void * to it.
 */
typedef struct
{
  pthread_mutex_t *mutexPtr;
  pthread_cond_t cv;
  int *resultPtr;
} __ptw32_cond_wait_cleanup_args_t;

static void  __PTW32_CDECL
__ptw32_cond_wait_cleanup (void *args)
{
  __ptw32_cond_wait_cleanup_args_t *cleanup_args =
    (__ptw32_cond_wait_cleanup_args_t *) args;
  pthread_cond_t cv = cleanup_args->cv;
  int *resultPtr = cleanup_args->resultPtr;
  int nSignalsWasLeft;
  int result;

  /*
   * Whether we got here as a result of signal/broadcast or because of
   * timeout on wait or thread cancellation we indicate that we are no
   * longer waiting. The waiter is responsible for adjusting waiters
   * (to)unblock(ed) counts (protected by unblock lock).
   */
  if ((result = pthread_mutex_lock (&(cv->mtxUnblockLock))) != 0)
    {
      *resultPtr = result;
      return;
    }

  if (0 != (nSignalsWasLeft = cv->nWaitersToUnblock))
    {
      --(cv->nWaitersToUnblock);
    }
  else if (INT_MAX / 2 == ++(cv->nWaitersGone))
    {
      /* Use the non-cancellable version of sem_wait() */
      if (__ptw32_semwait (&(cv->semBlockLock)) != 0)
	{
	  *resultPtr =  __PTW32_GET_ERRNO();
	  /*
	   * This is a fatal error for this CV,
	   * so we deliberately don't unlock
	   * cv->mtxUnblockLock before returning.
	   */
	  return;
	}
      cv->nWaitersBlocked -= cv->nWaitersGone;
      if (sem_post (&(cv->semBlockLock)) != 0)
	{
	  *resultPtr =  __PTW32_GET_ERRNO();
	  /*
	   * This is a fatal error for this CV,
	   * so we deliberately don't unlock
	   * cv->mtxUnblockLock before returning.
	   */
	  return;
	}
      cv->nWaitersGone = 0;
    }

  if ((result = pthread_mutex_unlock (&(cv->mtxUnblockLock))) != 0)
    {
      *resultPtr = result;
      return;
    }

  if (1 == nSignalsWasLeft)
    {
      if (sem_post (&(cv->semBlockLock)) != 0)
	{
	  *resultPtr =  __PTW32_GET_ERRNO();
	  return;
	}
    }

  /*
   * XSH: Upon successful return, the mutex has been locked and is owned
   * by the calling thread.
   */
  if ((result = pthread_mutex_lock (cleanup_args->mutexPtr)) != 0)
    {
      *resultPtr = result;
    }
}				/* __ptw32_cond_wait_cleanup */

static INLINE int
__ptw32_cond_timedwait (pthread_cond_t * cond,
		      pthread_mutex_t * mutex, const struct timespec *abstime)
{
  int result = 0;
  pthread_cond_t cv;
  __ptw32_cond_wait_cleanup_args_t cleanup_args;

  if (cond == NULL || *cond == NULL)
    {
      return EINVAL;
    }

  /*
   * We do a quick check to see if we need to do more work
   * to initialise a static condition variable. We check
   * again inside the guarded section of __ptw32_cond_check_need_init()
   * to avoid race conditions.
   */
  if (*cond == PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER)
    {
      result = __ptw32_cond_check_need_init (cond);
    }

  if (result != 0 && result != EBUSY)
    {
      return result;
    }

  cv = *cond;

  /* Thread can be cancelled in sem_wait() but this is OK */
  if (sem_wait (&(cv->semBlockLock)) != 0)
    {
      return  __PTW32_GET_ERRNO();
    }

  ++(cv->nWaitersBlocked);

  if (sem_post (&(cv->semBlockLock)) != 0)
    {
      return  __PTW32_GET_ERRNO();
    }

  /*
   * Setup this waiter cleanup handler
   */
  cleanup_args.mutexPtr = mutex;
  cleanup_args.cv = cv;
  cleanup_args.resultPtr = &result;

#if defined (__PTW32_CONFIG_MSVC7)
#pragma inline_depth(0)
#endif
  pthread_cleanup_push (__ptw32_cond_wait_cleanup, (void *) &cleanup_args);

  /*
   * Now we can release 'mutex' and...
   */
  if ((result = pthread_mutex_unlock (mutex)) == 0)
    {

      /*
       * ...wait to be awakened by
       *              pthread_cond_signal, or
       *              pthread_cond_broadcast, or
       *              timeout, or
       *              thread cancellation
       *
       * Note:
       *
       *      sem_timedwait is a cancellation point,
       *      hence providing the mechanism for making
       *      pthread_cond_wait a cancellation point.
       *      We use the cleanup mechanism to ensure we
       *      re-lock the mutex and adjust (to)unblock(ed) waiters
       *      counts if we are cancelled, timed out or signalled.
       */
      if (sem_timedwait (&(cv->semBlockQueue), abstime) != 0)
	{
	  result =  __PTW32_GET_ERRNO();
	}
    }

  /*
   * Always cleanup
   */
  pthread_cleanup_pop (1);
#if defined (__PTW32_CONFIG_MSVC7)
#pragma inline_depth()
#endif

  /*
   * "result" can be modified by the cleanup handler.
   */
  return result;

}				/* __ptw32_cond_timedwait */


int
pthread_cond_wait (pthread_cond_t * cond, pthread_mutex_t * mutex)
     /*
      * ------------------------------------------------------
      * DOCPUBLIC
      *      This function waits on a condition variable until
      *      awakened by a signal or broadcast.
      *
      *      Caller MUST be holding the mutex lock; the
      *      lock is released and the caller is blocked waiting
      *      on 'cond'. When 'cond' is signaled, the mutex
      *      is re-acquired before returning to the caller.
      *
      * PARAMETERS
      *      cond
      *              pointer to an instance of pthread_cond_t
      *
      *      mutex
      *              pointer to an instance of pthread_mutex_t
      *
      *
      * DESCRIPTION
      *      This function waits on a condition variable until
      *      awakened by a signal or broadcast.
      *
      *      NOTES:
      *
      *      1)      The function must be called with 'mutex' LOCKED
      *              by the calling thread, or undefined behaviour
      *              will result.
      *
      *      2)      This routine atomically releases 'mutex' and causes
      *              the calling thread to block on the condition variable.
      *              The blocked thread may be awakened by 
      *                      pthread_cond_signal or 
      *                      pthread_cond_broadcast.
      *
      * Upon successful completion, the 'mutex' has been locked and 
      * is owned by the calling thread.
      *
      *
      * RESULTS
      *              0               caught condition; mutex released,
      *              EINVAL          'cond' or 'mutex' is invalid,
      *              EINVAL          different mutexes for concurrent waits,
      *              EINVAL          mutex is not held by the calling thread,
      *
      * ------------------------------------------------------
      */
{
  /*
   * The NULL abstime arg means INFINITE waiting.
   */
  return (__ptw32_cond_timedwait (cond, mutex, NULL));

}				/* pthread_cond_wait */


int
pthread_cond_timedwait (pthread_cond_t * cond,
			pthread_mutex_t * mutex,
			const struct timespec *abstime)
     /*
      * ------------------------------------------------------
      * DOCPUBLIC
      *      This function waits on a condition variable either until
      *      awakened by a signal or broadcast; or until the time
      *      specified by abstime passes.
      *
      * PARAMETERS
      *      cond
      *              pointer to an instance of pthread_cond_t
      *
      *      mutex
      *              pointer to an instance of pthread_mutex_t
      *
      *      abstime
      *              pointer to an instance of (const struct timespec)
      *
      *
      * DESCRIPTION
      *      This function waits on a condition variable either until
      *      awakened by a signal or broadcast; or until the time
      *      specified by abstime passes.
      *
      *      NOTES:
      *      1)      The function must be called with 'mutex' LOCKED
      *              by the calling thread, or undefined behaviour
      *              will result.
      *
      *      2)      This routine atomically releases 'mutex' and causes
      *              the calling thread to block on the condition variable.
      *              The blocked thread may be awakened by 
      *                      pthread_cond_signal or 
      *                      pthread_cond_broadcast.
      *
      *
      * RESULTS
      *              0               caught condition; mutex released,
      *              EINVAL          'cond', 'mutex', or abstime is invalid,
      *              EINVAL          different mutexes for concurrent waits,
      *              EINVAL          mutex is not held by the calling thread,
      *              ETIMEDOUT       abstime ellapsed before cond was signaled.
      *
      * ------------------------------------------------------
      */
{
  if (abstime == NULL)
    {
      return EINVAL;
    }

  return (__ptw32_cond_timedwait (cond, mutex, abstime));

}				/* pthread_cond_timedwait */