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Kata Containers with SGX

Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX) is a set of instructions that increases the security of applications code and data, giving them more protections from disclosure or modification.

This document guides you to run containers with SGX enclaves with Kata Containers in Kubernetes.

Preconditions

  • Intel SGX capable bare metal nodes
  • Host kernel Linux 5.13 or later with SGX and SGX KVM enabled:
$ grep SGX /boot/config-`uname -r`
CONFIG_X86_SGX=y
CONFIG_X86_SGX_KVM=y

Note: Kata Containers supports creating VM sandboxes with Intel® SGX enabled using cloud-hypervisor and QEMU VMMs only.

Kata Containers Configuration

For containerd check in /etc/containerd/config.toml that the list of pod_annotations passed to the sandbox are: ["io.katacontainers.*", "sgx.intel.com/epc"].

Usage

With the following sample job deployed using kubectl apply -f:

Note: Change the runtimeClassName option accordingly, only kata-clh and kata-qemu support Intel® SGX.

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: oesgx-demo-job
  labels:
    jobgroup: oesgx-demo
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        jobgroup: oesgx-demo
    spec:
      runtimeClassName: kata-clh
      initContainers:
        - name: init-sgx
          image: busybox
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'mkdir /dev/sgx; ln -s /dev/sgx_enclave /dev/sgx/enclave; ln -s /dev/sgx_provision /dev/sgx/provision']
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /dev
            name: dev-mount
      restartPolicy: Never
      containers:
        -
          name: eosgx-demo-job-1
          image: oeciteam/oe-helloworld:latest
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /dev
            name: dev-mount
          securityContext:
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            capabilities:
              add: ["IPC_LOCK"]
          resources:
            limits:
              sgx.intel.com/epc: "512Ki"
      volumes:
        - name: dev-mount
          hostPath:
            path: /dev

You'll see the enclave output:

$ kubectl logs oesgx-demo-job-wh42g
Hello world from the enclave
Enclave called into host to print: Hello World!

Notes

  • The Kata VM's SGX Encrypted Page Cache (EPC) memory size is based on the sum of sgx.intel.com/epc resource requests within the pod.
  • init-sgx can be removed from the YAML configuration file if the Kata rootfs is modified with the necessary udev rules. See the note on SGX backwards compatibility.
  • Intel SGX DCAP attestation is known to work from Kata sandboxes but it comes with one limitation: If the Intel SGX aesm daemon runs on the bare metal node and DCAP out-of-proc attestation is used, containers within the Kata sandbox cannot get the access to the host's /var/run/aesmd/aesm.sock because socket passthrough is not supported. An alternative is to deploy the aesm daemon as a side-car container.
  • Projects like Gramine Shielded Containers (GSC) are also known to work. For GSC specifically, the Kata guest kernel needs to have the CONFIG_NUMA=y enabled and at least one CPU online when running the GSC container. The Kata Containers guest kernel currently has CONFIG_NUMA=y enabled by default.