Add more tests for polar geotiffs

[DanielJDufour]

Should add tests in https://epsg.io/3031, https://epsg.io/3413, and https://epsg.io/3976.

Some polar projections are more difficult than others (especially conic ones), so adding more test cases and test data to https://github.com/geotiff/test-data will be helpful in identifying which polar projections are supported and which are not

[DanielJDufour]

Also, see https://nsidc.org/data/user-resources/help-center/guide-nsidcs-polar-stereographic-projection