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Template-Metaprogramming-with-C++.tex
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Template-Metaprogramming-with-C++.tex
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\documentclass[11pt,a4paper,UTF8]{book}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{authblk}
\usepackage{fontspec} %引入字体设置宏包
\setmainfont{Times New Roman} %设置英文正文字体
% Courier New
% Book Antique
\setsansfont{Arial} %英文无衬线字体
\setmonofont{Courier New} %英文等宽字体
\usepackage{ctex} %导入中文包
%\usepackage{ulem}
\usepackage{tocvsec2}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{bbding}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage[none]{hyphenat}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepackage{pifont}
\usepackage{hyperref} %制作pdf的目录
\usepackage{subfiles} %使用多文件方式进行
\usepackage{geometry} %设置页边距的包
\geometry{left=2.5cm,right=2cm,top=2.54cm,bottom=2.54cm} %设置书籍的页边距
\usepackage{url}
\hypersetup{hidelinks, %去红框
colorlinks=true,
allcolors=black,
pdfstartview=Fit,
breaklinks=true
}
% 调整itemlist中的行间距
\usepackage{enumitem}
\setenumerate[1]{itemsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt,parsep=\parskip,topsep=5pt}
\setitemize[1]{itemsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt,parsep=\parskip,topsep=5pt}
\setdescription{itemsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt,parsep=\parskip,topsep=5pt}
% 超链接样式设置
\usepackage{hyperref}
\hypersetup{
colorlinks=true,
linkcolor=blue,
filecolor=blue,
urlcolor=blue,
citecolor=cyan,
}
\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage[usenames,dvipsnames,svgnames, x11names]{xcolor}
\usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}
\tcbuselibrary{breakable} % 引入 breakable 库
\tcbuselibrary{skins} % 引入 skins 库
%展示代码
\definecolor{mygreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0}
\definecolor{mygray}{rgb}{0.5,0.5,0.5}
\definecolor{mymauve}{rgb}{0.58,0,0.82}
\definecolor{keywordcolor}{rgb}{0.8,0.1,0.5}
\definecolor{webgreen}{rgb}{0,.5,0}
\definecolor{bgcolor}{rgb}{0.92,0.92,0.92}
%定义CMake
\lstdefinelanguage{CMake}
{morekeywords={
cmake\_minimum\_required,
project,
add\_executable,
add\_library,
target\_link\_libraries,
cmake\_parse\_arguments,
cmake\_language,
set, unset,
option,
string,
list,
math,
message,
if, elseif, else, endif,
mark\_as\_advanced,
foreach, endforeach,
while, endwhile,
add\_subdirectory, include, return, include\_gurad,
function, endfunction,
macro, endmacro,
find\_package,
cmake\_push\_check\_state,
cmake\_pop\_check\_state,
cmake\_reset\_check\_state,
add\_test,
set\_tests\_properties,
check\_c\_source\_runs,
check\_cxx\_source\_runs,
check\_fortran\_source\_runs,
check\_source\_runs,
check\_compiler\_flag,
check\_c\_compiler\_flag,
check\_cxx\_compiler\_flag,
check\_fortran\_compiler\_flag,
check\_symbol\_exists,
check\_cxx\_symbol\_exists,
check\_linker\_flag,
cmake\_policy,
set\_property,
get\_property,
define\_property,
get\_cmake\_property,
set\_cmake\_property,
set\_target\_properties,
get\_target\_property,
set\_directory\_properties,
get\_directory\_property,
set\_source\_files\_properties,
get\_source\_file\_property,
set\_tests\_properties,
get\_tests\_property,
get\_test\_property,
cmake\_print\_properties,
cmake\_print\_variables,
variable\_watch,
include\_guard,
target\_link\_options,
target\_compile\_definitions,
target\_compile\_options,
include\_directories,
add\_definitions,
remove\_definitions,
add\_compile\_definitions,
add\_compile\_options,
link\_libraries,
link\_directories,
add\_link\_options,
target\_include\_directories,
target\_compile\_features,
add\_custom\_command,
add\_custom\_target,
execute\_process,
cmake\_path,
get\_filename\_component,
file,
configure\_file,
generate\_export\_header,
export,
find\_file,
find\_library,
find\_package,
find\_program,
pkg\_check\_modules,
pkg\_search\_module,
pkg\_get\_variable,
add\_test,
enable\_testing,
set\_tests\_properties,
site\_name,
ctest\_empty\_binary\_directory,
ctest\_start,
ctest\_configure,
ctest\_submit,
ctest\_build,
ctest\_memcheck,
ctest\_upload,
ctest\_test,
gtest\_add\_tests,
gtest\_discover\_tests,
install,
write\_basic\_package\_version\_file,
configure\_package\_config\_file,
cpack\_add\_component,
cpack\_add\_install\_type,
cpack\_add\_component\_group,
ExternalProject\_Add,
ExternalProject\_Add\_StepDependencies,
ExternalProject\_Get\_Property,
ExternalProject\_Add\_Step,
FetchContent\_Declare,
FetchContent\_GetProperties,
FetchContent\_Populate,
source\_group,
target\_precompile\_headers,
qt5\_wrap\_cpp,
qt5\_wrap\_ui,
qt5\_add\_resources,
qt5\_add\_big\_resources,
qt5\_add\_binary\_resources,
qt5\_add\_translation,
qt5\_create\_translation,
compile\_definitions,
add\_llvm\_component\_library,
add\_llvm\_tool,
llvm\_multisource,
llvm\_test\_data,
doxygen\_add\_docs,
cmake\_dependent\_option,
target\_sources,
conan\_cmake\_autodetect,
conan\_cmake\_configure,
conan\_cmake\_install,
doxygen\_add\_docs,
check\_source\_compiles,
check\_language,
enable\_language,
add\_dependencies,
find\_path,
find\_package\_handle\_standard\_args,
}, %定义关键字
sensitive=false, %是否大小写敏感
morecomment=[l]{\#},
morestring=[b]",
morestring=[d]',
}
\lstdefinestyle{styleCXX}{
language = C++,
backgroundcolor=\color{blue!3!white},
%basicstyle = \footnotesize,
basicstyle = \zihao{-5}\ttfamily,
numberstyle = \zihao{-5}\ttfamily,
%breakatwhitespace = false,
basewidth = 0.5em,
breaklines = true,
captionpos = b,
commentstyle = \color{mygray}\bfseries,
%extendedchars = false,
frame =shadowbox,
framerule=0.5pt,
%frameround = fttt,
keepspaces=true,
keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries, % keyword style
otherkeywords={string},
numbers=left,
numbersep=5pt,
numberstyle=\tiny\color{mygray},
rulecolor=\color{black},
%showspaces=false,
%showstringspaces=false,
%showtabs=false,
%stepnumber=1,
stringstyle=\color{mymauve}, % string literal style
tabsize=2,
columns = fixed,
flexiblecolumns,
}
\lstdefinestyle{styleCMake}{
language=CMake,
backgroundcolor=\color{blue!3!white},
basicstyle=\tt,
breakatwhitespace = false,
breaklines = true,
captionpos = b,
commentstyle = \color{mygray}\bfseries,
extendedchars =false,
frame=shadowbox,
tabsize=2,
framerule=0.5pt,
keepspaces=true,
keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries, % keyword style
otherkeywords={string},
rulecolor=\color{black},
showspaces=false,
showstringspaces=false,
showtabs=false,
stepnumber=1,
stringstyle=\color{purple}, % string literal style
}
\lstdefinestyle{stylePython}{
language = Python, % 语言选Python
backgroundcolor=\color{blue!3!white},
basicstyle = \zihao{-5}\ttfamily,
numberstyle = \zihao{-5}\ttfamily,
keywordstyle = \color{blue},
keywordstyle = [2] \color{teal},
stringstyle = \color{magenta},
commentstyle = \color{red}\ttfamily,
frame = shadowbox,
breaklines = true, % 自动换行，建议不要写太长的行
columns = fixed, % 如果不加这一句，字间距就不固定，很丑，必须加
basewidth = 0.5em,
%basicstyle = \sffamily, % 基本代码风格
%keywordstyle = \bfseries, % 关键字风格
%commentstyle = \rmfamily\itshape, % 注释的风格，斜体
%stringstyle = \ttfamily, % 字符串风格
flexiblecolumns, % 别问为什么，加上这个
%numbers = left, % 行号的位置在左边
showspaces = false, % 是否显示空格，显示了有点乱，所以不现实了
numberstyle = \zihao{-5}\ttfamily, % 行号的样式，小五号，tt等宽字体
showstringspaces = false,
captionpos = t, % 这段代码的名字所呈现的位置，t指的是top上面
frame = lrtb, % 显示边框
tabsize=2,
}
\tcbset{
breakable,
commandshell/.style={
listing only,
colback=black!75!white,
colupper=white,
lowerbox=ignored,
listing options={
language={bash},
breaklines=true,
basicstyle=\ttfamily,
columns = fixed,
flexiblecolumns
}
}}
\usepackage{tikz}
% URL 正确换行
% https://liam.page/2017/05/17/help-the-url-command-from-hyperref-to-break-at-line-wrapping-point/
\makeatletter
\def\UrlAlphabet{%
\do\a\do\b\do\c\do\d\do\e\do\f\do\g\do\h\do\i\do\j%
\do\k\do\l\do\m\do\n\do\o\do\p\do\q\do\r\do\s\do\t%
\do\u\do\v\do\w\do\x\do\y\do\z\do\A\do\B\do\C\do\D%
\do\E\do\F\do\G\do\H\do\I\do\J\do\K\do\L\do\M\do\N%
\do\O\do\P\do\Q\do\R\do\S\do\T\do\U\do\V\do\W\do\X%
\do\Y\do\Z}
\def\UrlDigits{\do\1\do\2\do\3\do\4\do\5\do\6\do\7\do\8\do\9\do\0}
\g@addto@macro{\UrlBreaks}{\UrlOrds}
\g@addto@macro{\UrlBreaks}{\UrlAlphabet}
\g@addto@macro{\UrlBreaks}{\UrlDigits}
\makeatother
% enable subsubsubsection
% from https://tex.stackexchange.com/练习题/274212/correct-hierarchy-levels-of-pdf-bookmarks-for-custom-section-subsubsubsection
\usepackage[depth=3]{bookmark}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{4}
\hypersetup{bookmarksdepth=4}
\makeatletter
\newcommand{\toclevel@subsubsubsection}{4}
\newcounter{subsubsubsection}[subsubsection]
\renewcommand{\thesubsubsubsection}{\thesubsubsection.\arabic{subsubsubsection}}
\newcommand{\subsubsubsection}{\@startsection{subsubsubsection}{4}{\z@}%
{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
{\normalfont\normalsize\bf\bfseries}}
\newcommand*{\l@subsubsubsection}{\@dottedtocline{4}{11em}{5em}}
\newcommand{\subsubsubsectionmark}[1]{}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{sloppypar} %latex中一行文字出现溢出问题的解决方法
%\maketitle
\begin{center}
\thispagestyle{empty}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,height=\textheight,keepaspectratio]{cover.jpg}
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture, overlay, inner sep=0pt]
\node at (current page.center)
{\includegraphics[width=\paperwidth, keepaspectratio=false]{cover.jpg}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\newpage
\thispagestyle{empty}
\huge
\textbf{Template Metaprogramming with C++}
\\[9pt]
\normalsize
\textit{Learn everything about C++ templates and unlock the power of template metaprogramming \\ 详细的了解C++模板，释放模板元编程的力量}
\\[10pt]
\normalsize
作者: Marius Bancila
\\[8pt]
\normalsize
译者：陈晓伟
\end{center}
\hspace*{\fill} \\ %插入空行
\noindent\textbf{本书概述}
了解元编程，可以创建在编译时进行计算的数据结构和函数。本书将带您了解如何使用模板避免编写重复的代码，以及其为什么会成为通用库(如标准库或Boost)的关键(通用库可用于很多程序中)。
本书将深入了解模板和元编程的基础知识，再练习编写复杂的模板，并探索高级概念，如模板递归、模板参数推导、转发引用、类型特征和条件编译。这个过程中，将了解如何编写可变参数模板，以及如何使用C++20约束和概念为模板参数进行限制。最后，可以使用C++元编程模板来实现各种元编程模式。
本书的最后，将学习如何在日常编程中编写有效的模板和实现元编程。
\hspace*{\fill} \\ %插入空行
\noindent\textbf{关键特性}
\begin{itemize}
\item 了解C++20的最新特性，并使用STL编写更好的代码
\item 减少应用程序的开发时间，可以更快的进行部署
\item 使用最新标准中引入的新而精简的STL功能
\end{itemize}
\hspace*{\fill} \\ %插入空行
\noindent\textbf{将会学到}
\begin{itemize}
\item 类型模板的语法
\item 特化和实例化如何工作
\item 模板参数推断和转发引用
\item 编写可变参数模板
\item 熟悉类型特征和条件编译
\item 用约束和概念限制C++20中的模板参数
\item 实现CRTP、Mixins和标签分派等模式
\end{itemize}
\hspace*{\fill} \\ %插入空行
\noindent\textbf{作者简介}
\textbf{Marius Bancila}是一名软件工程师，为工业和金融部门开发解决方案方面，拥有近20年的经验。他是《现代C++挑战》的作者和《学习C\#编程》的合著者。并且是一名软件架构师，专注于Microsoft技术，主要使用C++和C\#开发桌面应用程序。热衷于分享其技术专长，自2006年以来，他一直是微软C++和开发人员眼中的技术MVP。Marius住在罗马尼亚，并且活跃在各种网络社区。
\hspace*{\fill} \\ %插入空行
\noindent\textbf{审阅者简介}
\textbf{Aleksei Goriachikh}使用的C++编程超过8年。Aleksei于2012年从新西伯利亚州立大学(Novosibirsk State University)数学硕士学位毕业后，之后一直从事计算数学和优化、CAD系统的几何核心设计，以及自动驾驶的多线程实现等领域的研究。Aleksei目前的兴趣是流片前验证(芯片相关)。
\hspace*{\fill} \\ %插入空行
\noindent\textbf{本书相关}
\begin{itemize}
\item Github地址：
\url{https://github.com/xiaoweiChen/Template-Metaprogramming-with-CPP}
\end{itemize}
\newpage
\vspace*{\fill}
\begin{center}
\textit{献给自己那“该死的”好奇心。}
\textit{– Marius Bancila}
\end{center}
\vspace*{\fill}
\newpage
%前言
\pagestyle{empty}
\subfile{content/preface.tex}
\newpage
\tableofcontents
\newpage
\setsecnumdepth{section}
\color{white}
\section*{\zihao{1}第一部分：核心概念}
\pagecolor{mygray}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{第一部分：核心概念}
\textbf{\subfile{content/1/section.tex}}
\newpage
\color{black}
\pagecolor{white}
\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第1章\hspace{0.5cm}模板简介}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第1章\hspace{0.5cm}模板简介}
\subfile{content/1/chapter1/0.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 1.1.\hspace{0.2cm}使用模板的动机}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{1.1.\hspace{0.2cm}使用模板的动机}
\subfile{content/1/chapter1/1.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 1.2.\hspace{0.2cm}编写模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{1.2.\hspace{0.2cm}编写模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter1/2.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 1.3.\hspace{0.2cm}理解模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{1.3.\hspace{0.2cm}理解模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter1/3.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 1.4.\hspace{0.2cm}模板简史}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{1.4.\hspace{0.2cm}模板简史}
\subfile{content/1/chapter1/4.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 1.5.\hspace{0.2cm}模板的优缺点}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{1.5.\hspace{0.2cm}模板的优缺点}
\subfile{content/1/chapter1/5.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 1.6.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{1.6.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\subfile{content/1/chapter1/6.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 1.7.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{1.7.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\subfile{content/1/chapter1/7.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 1.8.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{1.8.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\subfile{content/1/chapter1/8.tex}
\newpage
\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第2章\hspace{0.5cm}了解模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第2章\hspace{0.5cm}了解模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/0.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.1.\hspace{0.2cm}定义函数模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.1.\hspace{0.2cm}定义函数模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/1.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.2.\hspace{0.2cm}定义类模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.2.\hspace{0.2cm}定义类模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/2.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.3.\hspace{0.2cm}定义成员函数模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.3.\hspace{0.2cm}定义成员函数模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/3.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.4.\hspace{0.2cm}模板参数}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.4.\hspace{0.2cm}模板参数}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/4.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.5.\hspace{0.2cm}模板实例化}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.5.\hspace{0.2cm}模板实例化}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/5.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.6.\hspace{0.2cm}模板特化}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.6.\hspace{0.2cm}模板特化}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/6.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.7.\hspace{0.2cm}定义变量模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.7.\hspace{0.2cm}定义变量模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/7.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.8.\hspace{0.2cm}定义别名模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.8.\hspace{0.2cm}定义别名模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/8.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.9.\hspace{0.2cm}通用Lambda和Lambda模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.9.\hspace{0.2cm}通用Lambda和Lambda模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/9.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.10.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.10.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/10.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.11.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.11.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/11.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 2.12.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{2.12.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\subfile{content/1/chapter2/12.tex}
\newpage
\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第3章\hspace{0.5cm}可变参数模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第3章\hspace{0.5cm}可变参数模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/0.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.1.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数模板的需求}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.1.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数模板的需求}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/1.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.2.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数函数模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.2.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数函数模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/2.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.3.\hspace{0.2cm}参数包}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.3.\hspace{0.2cm}参数包}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/3.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.4.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数类模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.4.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数类模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/4.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.5.\hspace{0.2cm}折叠表达式}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.5.\hspace{0.2cm}折叠表达式}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/5.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.6.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数别名模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.6.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数别名模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/6.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.7.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数变量模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.7.\hspace{0.2cm}可变参数变量模板}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/7.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.8.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.8.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/8.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.9.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.9.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/9.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 3.10.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{3.10.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\subfile{content/1/chapter3/10.tex}
\newpage
\color{white}
\section*{\zihao{1}第二部分：模板进阶特性}
\pagecolor{mygray}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{第二部分：模板进阶特性}
\textbf{\subfile{content/2/section.tex}}
\newpage
\color{black}
\pagecolor{white}
\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第4章\hspace{0.5cm}高级模板概念}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第4章\hspace{0.5cm}高级模板概念}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/0.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.1.\hspace{0.2cm}名称绑定和依赖名称}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.1.\hspace{0.2cm}名称绑定和依赖名称}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/1.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.2.\hspace{0.2cm}模板递归}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.2.\hspace{0.2cm}模板递归}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/2.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.3.\hspace{0.2cm}函数模板的参数推导}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.3.\hspace{0.2cm}函数模板的参数推导}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/3.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.4.\hspace{0.2cm}类模板的参数推导}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.4.\hspace{0.2cm}类模板的参数推导}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/4.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.5.\hspace{0.2cm}转发引用}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.5.\hspace{0.2cm}转发引用}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/5.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.6.\hspace{0.2cm}decltype说明符}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.6.\hspace{0.2cm}decltype说明符}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/6.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.7.\hspace{0.2cm}std::declval类型操作符}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.7.\hspace{0.2cm}std::declval类型操作符}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/7.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.8.\hspace{0.2cm}模板间的“友情”}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.8.\hspace{0.2cm}模板间的“友情”}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/8.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.9.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.9.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/9.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.10.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.10.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/10.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 4.11.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{4.11.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\subfile{content/2/chapter4/11.tex}
\newpage
\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第5章\hspace{0.5cm}类型特征和条件编译}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第5章\hspace{0.5cm}类型特征和条件编译}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/0.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 5.1.\hspace{0.2cm}定义类型特征}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{5.1.\hspace{0.2cm}定义类型特征}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/1.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 5.2.\hspace{0.2cm}了解SFINAE}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{5.2.\hspace{0.2cm}了解SFINAE}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/2.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 5.3.\hspace{0.2cm}使用enable\_if类型特性启用SFINAE}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{5.3.\hspace{0.2cm}使用enable\_if类型特性启用SFINAE}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/3.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 5.4.\hspace{0.2cm}constexpr if}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{5.4.\hspace{0.2cm}constexpr if}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/4.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 5.5.\hspace{0.2cm}探索标准类型特征}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{5.5.\hspace{0.2cm}探索标准类型特征}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/5.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 5.6.\hspace{0.2cm}实际使用类型特征的例子}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{5.6.\hspace{0.2cm}实际使用类型特征的例子}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/6.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 5.7.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{5.7.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/7.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 5.8.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{5.8.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/8.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 5.9.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{5.9.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\subfile{content/2/chapter5/9.tex}
\newpage
\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第6章\hspace{0.5cm}概念和约束}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第6章\hspace{0.5cm}概念和约束}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/0.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.1.\hspace{0.2cm}概念的需求}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.1.\hspace{0.2cm}概念的需求}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/1.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.2.\hspace{0.2cm}定义概念}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.2.\hspace{0.2cm}定义概念}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/2.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.3.\hspace{0.2cm}探索requires表达式}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.3.\hspace{0.2cm}探索requires表达式}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/3.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.4.\hspace{0.2cm}组合约束}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.4.\hspace{0.2cm}组合约束}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/4.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.5.\hspace{0.2cm}模板中约束的顺序}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.5.\hspace{0.2cm}模板中约束的顺序}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/5.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.6.\hspace{0.2cm}约束非模板成员函数}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.6.\hspace{0.2cm}约束非模板成员函数}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/6.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.7.\hspace{0.2cm}约束类模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.7.\hspace{0.2cm}约束类模板}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/7.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.8.\hspace{0.2cm}约束变量模板和模板别名}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.8.\hspace{0.2cm}约束变量模板和模板别名}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/8.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.9.\hspace{0.2cm}更多指定约束的方法}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.9.\hspace{0.2cm}更多指定约束的方法}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/9.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.10.\hspace{0.2cm}使用概念来约束auto参数}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.10.\hspace{0.2cm}使用概念来约束auto参数}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/10.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.11.\hspace{0.2cm}探索标准概念库}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.11.\hspace{0.2cm}探索标准概念库}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/11.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.12.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.12.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/12.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.13.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.13.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/13.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 6.14.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{6.14.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\subfile{content/2/chapter6/14.tex}
\newpage
\color{white}
\section*{\zihao{1}第三部分：模板的应用}
\pagecolor{mygray}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{第三部分：模板的应用}
\textbf{\subfile{content/3/section.tex}}
\newpage
\color{black}
\pagecolor{white}
\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第7章\hspace{0.5cm}模式和习语}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第7章\hspace{0.5cm}模式和习语}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/0.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.1.\hspace{0.2cm}动态与静态多态性}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.1.\hspace{0.2cm}动态与静态多态性}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/1.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.2.\hspace{0.2cm}奇异递归模板模式(CRTP)}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.2.\hspace{0.2cm}奇异递归模板模式(CRTP)}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/2.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.3.\hspace{0.2cm}混入(Mixins)}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.3.\hspace{0.2cm}混入(Mixins)}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/3.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.4.\hspace{0.2cm}类型擦除}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.4.\hspace{0.2cm}类型擦除}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/4.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.5.\hspace{0.2cm}标记分派}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.5.\hspace{0.2cm}标记分派}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/5.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.6.\hspace{0.2cm}表达式模板}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.6.\hspace{0.2cm}表达式模板}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/6.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.7.\hspace{0.2cm}类型列表}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.7.\hspace{0.2cm}类型列表}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/7.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.8.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.8.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/8.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.9.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.9.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/9.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 7.10.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{7.10.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
\subfile{content/3/chapter7/10.tex}
\newpage
\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第8章\hspace{0.5cm}范围和算法}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第8章\hspace{0.5cm}范围和算法}
\subfile{content/3/chapter8/0.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 8.1.\hspace{0.2cm}容器、迭代器和算法的设计}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{8.1.\hspace{0.2cm}容器、迭代器和算法的设计}
\subfile{content/3/chapter8/1.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 8.2.\hspace{0.2cm}自定义容器和迭代器}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{8.2.\hspace{0.2cm}自定义容器和迭代器}
\subfile{content/3/chapter8/2.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 8.3.\hspace{0.2cm}自定义通用算法}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{8.3.\hspace{0.2cm}自定义通用算法}
\subfile{content/3/chapter8/3.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 8.4.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{8.4.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\subfile{content/3/chapter8/4.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 8.5.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{8.5.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
\subfile{content/3/chapter8/5.tex}
\newpage
\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第9章\hspace{0.5cm}范围库}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第9章\hspace{0.5cm}范围库}
\subfile{content/3/chapter9/0.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 9.1.\hspace{0.2cm}从抽象范围到范围库}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{9.1.\hspace{0.2cm}从抽象范围到范围库}
\subfile{content/3/chapter9/1.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 9.2.\hspace{0.2cm}范围和视图}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{9.2.\hspace{0.2cm}范围和视图}
\subfile{content/3/chapter9/2.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 9.3.\hspace{0.2cm}约束算法}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{9.3.\hspace{0.2cm}约束算法}
\subfile{content/3/chapter9/3.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 9.4.\hspace{0.2cm}编写范围适配器}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{9.4.\hspace{0.2cm}编写范围适配器}
\subfile{content/3/chapter9/4.tex}
\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 9.5.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{9.5.\hspace{0.2cm}总结}
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\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 9.6.\hspace{0.2cm}习题}
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\subsubsection*{\zihao{3} 9.7.\hspace{0.2cm}扩展阅读}
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\section*{\zihao{1}结束语}
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\newpage
\section*{\zihao{1}参考答案}
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\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第1章，模板简介}
\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{第1章，模板简介}
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\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第2章，了解模板}
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\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第3章，可变参数模板}
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\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第4章，高级模板概念}
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\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第5章，类型特征和条件编译}
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\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第6章，概念和约束}
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\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第7章，模式和习语}
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\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第8章，范围和算法}
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\subsection*{\zihao{2} 第9章，范围库}
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\newpage
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